Cited by 306Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsFamily and Disability Support ResearchAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

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Mindful Parenting Decreases Aggression and Increases Social Behavior in Children With Developmental Disabilities

Singh, Nirbhay N., Lancioni, Giulio E., Winton, Alan S. W., Singh, Judy, Curtis, W. John, Wahler, Robert G., McAleavey, Kristen M.·2007·Behavior Modification

DOI 10.1177/0145445507300924

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Abstract

Research shows that after training in the philosophy and practice of mindfulness, parents can mindfully attend to the challenging behaviors of their children with autism. Parents also report an increased satisfaction with their parenting skills and social interactions with their children. These findings were replicated and extended with 4 parents of children who had developmental disabilities, exhibited aggressive behavior, and had limited social skills. After mindfulness training, the parents were able to decrease aggressive behavior and increase their children's social skills. They also reported a greater practice of mindfulness, increased satisfaction with their parenting, more social interactions with their children, and lower parenting stress. Furthermore, the children showed increased positive and decreased negative social interactions with their siblings. We speculate that mindfulness produces transformational change in the parents that is reflected in enhanced positive behavioral transactions with their children.

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Parent Mindfulness and Child Outcome: The Roles of Parent Depressive Symptoms and Parenting
Parent, J., Garai, E., Forehand, R., Roland, E., Potts, J., Haker, K., Champion, J. E., & Compas, B. (2010) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-010-0034-1 · Cited by 86
“Singh and his colleagues (Singh et al. 2006, 2007, 2010a, 2010b) reported in a series of single-subject design studies that mindfulness training for parents is associated with decreases in child aggression and noncompliance as well as parents’ reported satisfaction with their new parenting skills.”
Background
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on quality of life and positive reappraisal coping among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder
Rayan, A., & Ahmad, M. M. (2016) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.04.002 · Cited by 96
Exploring the link between maternal attachment-related anxiety and avoidance and mindful parenting: The mediating role of self-compassion.
Moreira, H., Carona, C., Silva, N., Nunes, J., & Canavarro, M. C. (2016) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12082 · Cited by 81
“…quality of parenting and the psychological functioning of children and parents within a range of adverse contexts (e.g., Altmaier & Maloney, 2007; Singh et al., 2006, 2007; van der Oord, B€ogels, & Peijnenburg, 2012), future studies are warranted to identify correlates and determinants of…”
Background
Mindfulness and Parenting: A Correlational Study of Non-meditating Mothers of Preschool Children.
Corthorn, C., & Milicic, N. (2016) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0319-z · Cited by 81
Mindfulness Training Assists Individuals With Moderate Mental Retardation to Maintain Their Community Placements
Singh, N., Lancioni, G., Winton, A., Adkins, A. D., Singh, J., & Singh, A. N. A. (2007) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445507300925 · Cited by 81
Self-citation
Are Mindful Parents More Authoritative and Less Authoritarian? An Analysis of Clinic-Referred Mothers
Williams, K., & Wahler, R. (2010) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-009-9309-3 · Cited by 80
Self-citation
Parenting self-compassion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jefferson, F. A., Shires, A., & McAloon, J. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01401-x · Cited by 77
A Randomized Control Trial Evaluating an Online Mindful Parenting Training for Mothers With Elevated Parental Stress
Potharst, E. S., Boekhorst, M. G. B. M., Cuijlits, I., van Broekhoven, K. E. M., Jacobs, A., Spek, V., Nyklíček, I., Bögels, S. M., & Pop, V. J. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01550 · Cited by 94
Comparative Effects of Mindfulness and Support and Information Group Interventions for Parents of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Developmental Disabilities
Lunsky, Y., P. Hastings, R., Weiss, J. A., M. Palucka, A., Hutton, S., & White, K. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3099-z · Cited by 75
Work-Family Conflict and Mindful Parenting: The Mediating Role of Parental Psychopathology Symptoms and Parenting Stress in a Sample of Portuguese Employed Parents
Moreira, H., Fonseca, A., Caiado, B., & Canavarro, M. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00635 · Cited by 112
Mindfulness and Acceptance in Couple and Family Therapy
Gehart, D. R. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3033-9 · Cited by 70
A mindfulness parent well-being course: evaluation of outcomes for parents of children with autism and related disabilities recruited through special schools
Jones, L., Gold, E., Totsika, V., Hastings, R. P., Jones, M., Griffiths, A., & Silverton, S. (2018) · European Journal of Special Needs Education · doi:10.1080/08856257.2017.1297571 · Cited by 68
Mindfulness, Subjective Well-Being, and Social Work: Insight into their Interconnection from Social Work Practitioners
Shier, M. L., & Graham, J. R. (2010) · Social Work Education · doi:10.1080/02615471003763188 · Cited by 73
“, 2006); another found that being mindful in parenting practices decreases stress and increases satisfaction in parents of developmentally delayed children (Singh et al., 2007).”
Background
Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Interventions On Disruptive Behavior: A Meta-Analysis Of Single-Case Research
Klingbeil, D. A., Fischer, A. J., Renshaw, T. L., Bloomfield, B. S., Polakoff, B., Willenbrink, J. B., Copek, R. A., & Chan, K. T. (2017) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.21982 · Cited by 67
A pilot investigation of mindfulness-based stress reduction for caregivers of frail elderly.
Epstein-Lubow, G., McBee, L., Darling, E., Armey, M., & Miller, I. W. (2011) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-011-0047-4 · Cited by 65
A Feasibility Study of a Brief Mindfulness-Based Program for Parents of Preschool Children with Developmental Disabilities
Lo, H. H. M., Chan, S. K. C., Szeto, M. P., Chan, C. Y. H., & Choi, C. W. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0741-y · Cited by 63
Cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness for stress and burnout: A waiting list controlled pilot study comparing treatments for parents of children with chronic conditions
Anclair, M., Lappalainen, R., Muotka, J., & Hiltunen, A. J. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.12473 · Cited by 63
Parental Phubbing and Children’s Social Withdrawal and Aggression: A Moderated Mediation Model of Parenting Behaviors and Parents’ Gender
Wang, X.-C., Qiao, Y., Li, W., & Lei, L. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605211042807 · Cited by 63
“Positive parenting behavior can reduce children’s behavior problems by indicating that parents are able to minimize aggression and develop the social skills of their children (Singh et al., 2007).”
BackgroundResult
Mindfulness and parenting distress among parents of children with disabilities: A literature review
Rayan, A., & Ahmad, M. (2018) · Perspectives in Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12217 · Cited by 60
Compassion: Embodied and Embedded
Khoury, B. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01211-w · Cited by 86
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Positive Behavior Support (MBPBS) Training Are Equally Beneficial for Mothers and Their Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder or With Intellectual Disabilities
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Karazsia, B. T., Myers, R. E., Hwang, Y., & Anālayo, B. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00385 · Cited by 85
Self-citation
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Oriented Parent-Training for Parents of Children with Autism
Corti, C., Pergolizzi, F., Vanzin, L., Cargasacchi, G., Villa, L., Pozzi, M., & Molteni, M. (2018) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-018-1123-3 · Cited by 58
“Some PT courses based on ACT or other mindfulness-based approaches have already been implemented on parents of children with a psychiatric diagnosis, and they showed promising results (Blackledge and Hayes 2006; Minor et al. 2006; Murrell et al. 2009; Singh et al. 2006, 2007, 2010a, b, 2014).”
BackgroundResult
Improved social skills in children with developmental delays after parent participation in MBSR: the role of parent–child relational factors
Lewallen, A. C., & Neece, C. L. (2015) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0116-8 · Cited by 56
A Component Analysis of the Mindfulness-Based Positive Behavior Support (MBPBS) Program for Mindful Parenting by Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Singh, N., Lancioni, G., Medvedev, O., Hwang, Y.-S., & Myers, R. E. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01376-9 · Cited by 56
“Singh et al. (2007) replicated and extended these findings with parents of children with IDD.”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
Mindfulness-Based Neurodevelopmental Care: Impact on NICU Parent Stress and Infant Length of Stay; A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Petteys, A. R., & Adoumie, D. (2018) · Advances in Neonatal Care · doi:10.1097/anc.0000000000000474 · Cited by 52
Mindfulness in the foreign language classroom: Influence on academic achievement and awareness
Zeilhofer, L. (2020) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/1362168820934624 · Cited by 64
“Many studies have shown the link between mindfulness training and aspects of self-regulation, such as emotional regulation (Singh et al., 2007) and attention (Napoli, Krech & Holley, 2005).”
Background
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Parents of Children with Developmental Delays: Understanding the Experiences of Latino Families
Neece, C. L., Chan, N., Klein, K. P., Roberts, L. R., & Fenning, R. M. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-1011-3 · Cited by 54
Marital Quality and Families of Children with Developmental Disabilities
Hartley, S., Seltzer, M., Barker, E. T., & Greenberg, J. (2011) · International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386495-6.00001-1 · Cited by 46
“…and behaviors in children with DD have been shown to be diagnostic specific, there is strong evidence that child functioning and behaviors are also influenced by parenting and the family environment (e.g., Baker, Smith, Greenberg, Seltzer, & Taylor, 2011; Hessl et al., 2001; Singh et al., 2007 ).”
Effects of Early Family/Parent Training Programs on Antisocial Behavior & Delinquency
Piquero, A. R., Farrington, D. P., Welsh, B. C., Tremblay, R. E., & Jennings, W. G. (2008) · Campbell Systematic Reviews · doi:10.4073/csr.2008.11 · Cited by 45
Doing and Being: Mindfulness, Health, and Quiet Ego Characteristics Among Buddhist Practitioners
Wayment, H. A., Wiist, B., Sullivan, B. M., & Warren, M. (2010) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-010-9218-6 · Cited by 61
Social Validity Assessment in Behavior Interventions for Young Children: A Systematic Review
Park, E.-Y., & Blair, K. (2019) · Topics in Early Childhood Special Education · doi:10.1177/0271121419860195 · Cited by 41
Parent-Child Relationships and Well-Being
Suldo, S. M., & Fefer, S. A. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6398-2_8 · Cited by 41
Role of Mindful Parenting, Affiliate Stigma, and Parents’ Well-being in the Behavioral Adjustment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Testing Parenting Stress as a Mediator
Cheung, R. Y. M., Leung, S. S. W., & Mak, W. W. S. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01208-5 · Cited by 60
Interpersonal Mindfulness Questionnaire: Scale Development and Validation
Khoury, B., Vergara, R. C., & Spinelli, C. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01855-1 · Cited by 53
Mindfulness: Embodied and Embedded
Khoury, B. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0858-z · Cited by 59
“…2017), reduces parental stress, improves parent-adolescent relationship quality, and decreases child psychopathology symptoms and problem behaviors (Bögels et al. 2014; Coatsworth et al. 2015; Dehkordian et al. 2017; Meppelink et al. 2016; Singh et al. 2006a, 2007, 2010; Turpyn and Chaplin 2016).”
Background
Parent Education: What We Know and Moving Forward for Greatest Impact
Morris, A. S., Jespersen, J. E., Cosgrove, K. T., Ratliff, E. L., & Kerr, K. L. (2020) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.12442 · Cited by 60
Mindfulness-Based Approaches and their potential for educational psychology practice
Davis, T. (2012) · Educational Psychology in Practice · doi:10.1080/02667363.2011.639348 · Cited by 39
“It is therefore not surprising that mindfulness has been applied to parenting programmes (Singh et al., 2007) and could potentially be applied to teacher–pupil interaction.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Does Effort Matter in Mindful Parenting?
Bluth, K., & Wahler, R. (2011) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-011-0056-3 · Cited by 37
Self-citation
The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Supporting People With Intellectual Disabilities
Harper, S. K., Webb, T. L., & Rayner, K. (2013) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445513476085 · Cited by 44
Benefits of Mindfulness for Parenting in Mothers of Preschoolers in Chile
Corthorn, C. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01443 · Cited by 46
“This findings were coherent with previous studies (Singh et al., 2007; Vieten and Astin, 2008; Duncan and Bardacke, 2010; Bögels et al., 2013; Perez-Blasco et al., 2013) and add more evidence regarding the importance of mindfulness interventions.”
BackgroundResult
The Influence of Self-Compassion on Mindful Parenting: A Mediation Model of Gratitude
Nguyen, T. M., Bui, T. T. H., Xiao, X., & Le, V. H. (2020) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/1066480720950421 · Cited by 42
“Singh et al. (2007) has shown that parents who use mindfulness have increased satisfaction in their parenting skills, and reduced external behavior problems, which leads to improved social skills for their children.”
Background
A Dynamic Systems Approach to Understanding Mindfulness in Interpersonal Relationships
Skoranski, A. M., Coatsworth, J. D., & Lunkenheimer, E. S. (2019) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-019-01500-x · Cited by 47
“Research has shown that mindfulness training for parents has an impact on children’s behavior, leading to reductions in aggression and increases in compliance among children with autism, developmental disabilities, and ADHD (Singh et al. 2006, 2007, 2010, 2019).”
Background
Mindful parenting: future directions and challenges
Cowling, C., & Gordon, W. V. (2021) · International Journal of Spa and Wellness · doi:10.1080/24721735.2021.1961114 · Cited by 34
“Although mindful parenting skills are often taught to parents alone, there is growing evidence to suggest that the effects of mindful parenting spill over to the parents’ children (Beer et al., 2013; Singh et al., 2007; Thompson & Gauntlett-Gilbert, 2008).”
BackgroundMethod
Does Mothers’ Self-Reported Mindful Parenting Relate to the Observed Quality of Parenting Behavior and Mother-Child Interaction?
Potharst, E. S., Leyland, A., Colonnesi, C., Veringa‐Skiba, I. K., Salvadori, E., Jakschik, M. J., Bögels, S. M., & Zeegers, M. A. J. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01533-0 · Cited by 45
“For parents experiencing high levels of stress, mindful parenting (MP) programs were developed (e.g., Bögels et al. 2014; Singh et al. 2007) to reduce parents’ stress, increase child emotion regulation, and promote parenting and the quality of the parent-child relationship (Bögels et al. 2010;…”
Background
Feasibility of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Intervention for Parents of Children with Developmental Delays
Roberts, L. R., & Neece, C. L. (2015) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2015.1017063 · Cited by 32
Development of a Mindfulness-Based Coping with Stress Group for Parents of Adolescents and Adults with Developmental Disabilities
Lunsky, Y., Robinson, S., Reid, M., & Palucka, A. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0404-9 · Cited by 31
“…et al. 2010), parents of youth with behavioral problems (Bögels et al. 2008; Bögels et al. 2014), and, more recently, caregivers of children with IDD (Benn et al. 2012; Blackledge and Hayes 2006; Dykens et al. 2014; Ferraioli and Harris 2013; Neece 2014; Singh et al. 2006, 2007, 2010, 2014).”
Influential
The Relation Between Parental Expressed Emotion and Externalizing Behaviors in Children and Adolescents With an Autism Spectrum Disorder
Bader, S. H., Barry, T. D., & Hann, J. A. H. (2014) · Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/1088357614523065 · Cited by 31
“In fact, this protocol has some similarities with parental mindfulness training, which also has been shown to lower maladaptive behaviors in children with an ASD in a pre–post study (Singh et al., 2007).”
Background
The Association Between Mindful Parenting and Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: The Role of Mother–Child Communication
Yang, W., Deng, J., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-021-01168-9 · Cited by 37

Authors: Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, J., Curtis, W. J., Wahler, R. G., & McAleavey, K. M.
Affiliations: ONE Research Institute,
University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
Massey University (NZ)
Indian Institute of Information Technology Una (IN)
University of Rochester (US)
University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
Longwood University (US)
Corresponding author: Singh, Nirbhay N.
ORCID: Singh, Nirbhay N.
Lancioni, Giulio E.
Wahler, Robert G.
Venue: Behavior Modification
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2007-11
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 749-771
ISSN: 0145-4455 (ISSN-L)
1552-4167
DOI: 10.1177/0145445507300924
OpenAlex: W2102718645
Cited by: 306
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 12.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Behavior Modification (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords: mindful parenting, mindfulness training, aggression, social skills, developmental disabilities, autism spectrum disorder, parental stress, sibling interaction, parenting satisfaction
MeSH terms: Aggression, Attitude, Behavior Therapy, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Sibling Relations, Social Behavior, Violence, Parenting

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Mindful Parenting Decreases Aggression and Increases Social Behavior in Children With Developmental Disabilities

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