Endurance exercise is a leptin signaling mimetic in hypothalamus of Wistar rats
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BACKGROUND: Endurance exercise is known to promote a substantial effect on the energy balance in rats and humans. However, little is known about the exact mechanisms for the appetite-suppressive effects of endurance exercise. We hypothesized that endurance training might activate signaling cascades in the hypothalamus known to be involved in leptin signaling. METHODS: 16 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups: sedentary (n = 8) and exercise groups (n = 8). Animals in the exercise group started treadmill running at 30 m/min, 0% grade, for 1 min/bout. Running time was gradually increased by 2 min/bout every day. The training plan was one bout per day during initial two weeks, and two bouts per day during 3rd-9th week. At the end of nine-week experiment, blood was analyzed for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acid (FFA), interleukin (IL)-6, and leptin in both groups. Activations of janus kinase 2-signaling transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2-STAT3), protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular regulated kninase (ERKs), and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in hypothalamus were measured in the end of nine weeks of exercise protocol. RESULTS: Nine-week endurance exercise induced lower concentrations of LDL-C, TG, TC, FFA, and leptin in rats (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Nine-week endurance exercise significantly increased the circulating IL-6 concentration compared with sedentary group (239.6 ± 37.2 pg/ml vs. 151.8 ± 31.5 pg/ml, P < 0.01). Exercise rats showed significant increases in JAK2, STAT3, Akt, ERKs, and SOCS3 phosphorylations compared with sedentary rats (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The data suggest that endurance exercise is a leptin signaling mimetic in hypothalamus of Wistar rats.
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Animal studies have shown that endurance exercise increases the phosphorylation of hypothalamic JAK2, STAT3, Akt, and Erk involved in the leptin signaling pathway.
“Animal studies have shown that endurance exercise increases the phosphorylation of hypothalamic JAK2, STAT3, Akt, and Erk involved in the leptin signaling pathway [245], which could be directly mediated by organokines [7].”
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Exercise combined with heat treatment improves insulin resistance in diet-induced obese rats
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- Authors
- Zhao, J., Tian, Y., Xu, J., Liu, D., Wang, X., & Zhao, B.
- Affiliations
- China Institute of Sport Science (CN)
- Beijing Sport University (CN)
- Texas A&M University System (US)
- First Hospital of Shijiazhuang (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tian, Ye
- Venue
- Lipids in Health and Disease
- Published
- 2011-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 225-225
- ISSN
- 1476-511X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3248031
- OpenAlex
- W2107797697
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Lipids in Health and Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (30270642)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- endurance exercise, leptin signaling, hypothalamus, appetite suppression, energy balance, JAK2/STAT3 signaling, Akt signaling, ERK signaling, SOCS3, interleukin-6, lipid metabolism, Wistar rats
- MeSH terms
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein, Animals, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Hypothalamus, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Phosphorylation, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Random Allocation, Triglycerides, Signal Transduction, Rats, Wistar, Leptin, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases, Lipid Metabolism, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Rats, Janus Kinase 2
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