Osteoporosis, inflammation and ageing

Ginaldi, Lia; Di Benedetto, Maria Cristina; De Martinis, Massimo

doi:10.1186/1742-4933-2-14

Cited by 412Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone health and osteoporosis researchRheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies

Osteoporosis, inflammation and ageing

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Ginaldi, Lia, Di Benedetto, Maria Cristina, De Martinis, Massimo·2005·Immunity & Ageing

DOI 10.1186/1742-4933-2-14PMC PMC1308846

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Abstract

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone mass and increased bone fragility, putting patients at risk of fractures, which are major causes of morbidity substantially in older people. Osteoporosis is currently attributed to various endocrine, metabolic and mechanical factors. However, emerging clinical and molecular evidence suggests that inflammation also exerts significant influence on bone turnover, inducing osteoporosis. Numerous proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and a shift towards an activated immune profile has been hypothesized as important risk factor. Chronic inflammation and the immune system remodelling characteristic of ageing, as well as of other pathological conditions commonly associated with osteoporosis, may be determinant pathogenetic factors. The present article will review the current perspectives on the interaction between bone and immune system in the elderly, providing an interpretation of osteoporosis in the light of inflamm-ageing.

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Chronically elevated inflammation processes are linked to increased risks for osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive decline.
“Exposure to chronically elevated inflammation processes has also been increasingly recognized as a significant health risk with links to increased risks for osteoporosis, 38,39 cardiovascular disease, [40][41][42][43][44][45] and cognitive decline.[46][47][48]”
From Socio‐economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load (2010) · cites this paper as [39]

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Moschen AR Kaser A Enrich B Ludwiczek O Gabriel M Obrist P Wolf AM Tilg H RANKL/OPG system is activated in inflammatory bowel disease and relates to the state of bone loss Gut 2005 54 479 87 15753532 10.1136/gut.2004.044370 PMC1774465 · DOI

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Role of ginsenosides, the main active components of Panax ginseng , in inflammatory responses and diseases
Kim, J. H., Yi, Y., Kim, M., & Cho, J. Y. (2016) · Journal of Ginseng Research · doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2016.08.004 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
“Osteoporosis occurs as a result of a variety of endocrine, metabolic, and mechanical factors [34].”
Background
Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases – An update on their association and mechanistic links
Yu, B., & Wang, C.-Y. (2022) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12422 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue
Ciosek, Ż., Kot, K., Kosik-Bogacka, D. I., Łanocha-Arendarczyk, N., & Rotter, I. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11040506 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Macrophage Polarization and Osteoporosis: A Review
Muñoz, J., Akhavan, N. S., Mullins, A. P., & Arjmandi, B. H. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12102999 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
The Biology of Aging and Frailty
Fedarko, N. S. (2010) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2010.08.006 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
“A pro-inflammatory state may underlie a number of pathologies including cancer [55], cardiovascular disease [56,57], diabetes mellitus [58], osteoporosis [59], rheumatoid arthritis [60], and cognitive disorders such as Alzheimers and Parkinson's disease [61].”
Background
Dietary Inflammatory Index and Non-Communicable Disease Risk: A Narrative Review
Phillips, C. M., Chen, L., Heude, B., Bernard, J. Y., Harvey, N. C., Duijts, L., Mensink‐Bout, S. M., Polańska, K., Mancano, G., Suderman, M. J., et al. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11081873 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Estrogen Deficiency Induces the Differentiation of IL-17 Secreting Th17 Cells: A New Candidate in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis
Tyagi, A. M., Srivastava, K., Mansoori, M. N., Trivedi, R., Chattopadhyay, N., & Singh, D. R. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044552 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
“A relationship between the immune system and bone has long been speculated as bone loss is an invariable pathology of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions [1,2,3].”
Background
T Cell Replicative Senescence in Human Aging
P. Chou, J., & B. Effros, R. (2013) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161213805219711 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
NF-κB in Aging and Disease.
Tilstra, J. S., Clauson, C. L., Niedernhofer, L. J., & Robbins, P. D. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Senescent cells: SASPected drivers of age-related pathologies
Ovadya, Y., & Krizhanovsky, V. (2014) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-014-9529-9 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
“Extrinsically, chronic inflammation during ageing was suggested as a mechanism of contributing to decreased bone mass (Ginaldi et al. 2005).”
Background
Wnt4 signaling prevents skeletal aging and inflammation by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB
Yu, B., Chang, J., Liu, Y., Li, J., Kevork, K., Al‐Hezaimi, K., Graves, D. T., Park, N.-H., & Wang, C. (2014) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3586 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Inflammaging: Implications in Sarcopenia
Antuña, E., Cachán-Vega, C., Bermejo-Millo, J. C., Potes, Y., Caballero, B., Vega‐Naredo, I., Coto‐Montes, A. M., & García-González, C. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232315039 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Molecular Inflammation as an Underlying Mechanism of the Aging Process and Age-related Diseases
Chung, H. Y., Lee, E. K., Choi, Y. J., Kim, J. M., Kim, D. H., Zou, Y., Kim, C. H., Lee, J., Kim, H. S., Kim, N. D., et al. (2011) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/0022034510387794 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
“(c) Osteopenia and Osteoporosis Osteopenia and osteoporosis are characterized by low bone mass and associated increased bone fragility, causing more fractures, a major cause of morbidity in the elderly (Ginaldi et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluential
Osteoporosis and Periodontitis
Wang, C., & McCauley, L. K. (2016) · Current Osteoporosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11914-016-0330-3 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
HIV as a Cause of Immune Activation and Immunosenescence
Sokoya, T., Steel, H. C., Nieuwoudt, M., & Rossouw, T. M. (2017) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2017/6825493 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
“The major inflammatory pathways that have been identified involved cytokines that have also been shown to be elevated during senescence [152].”
Background
Telomere length in leukocytes correlates with bone mineral density and is shorter in women with osteoporosis
Valdes, A. M., Richards, J. B., Gardner, J. P., Swaminathan, R., Kimura, M., Xiaobin, L., Aviv, A., & Spector, T. D. (2007) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0357-5 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“Further, transfecting hTERT into pre-senescent human (in vitro aged) osteoblasts prevents bone loss when they are grafted into mice [23].”
Background
Role of advanced glycation end products in mobility and considerations in possible dietary and nutritional intervention strategies
Chen, J.-H., Lin, X., Bu, C., & Zhang, X.-G. (2018) · Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-018-0306-7 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
The P2X7 Receptor-Interleukin-1 Liaison
Giuliani, A. L., Sarti, A. C., Falzoni, S., & Di Virgilio, F. (2017) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00123 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“…mechanisms responsible for the activation of innate immunity in inherited auto-inflammatory diseases may also play a key role in sustaining inflammation in several frequent multifactorial pathologies, such as type II diabetes, gout, pseudogout, and atherosclerosis (Ginaldi et al., 2005).”
Background
Role of NF-κB in Ageing and Age-Related Diseases: Lessons from Genetically Modified Mouse Models
García-García, V. A., Alameda, J. P., Page, A., & Casanova, M. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10081906 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
“Therefore, both chronic inflammation and remodeling of the immune system that occur in ageing appear as important pathogenic factors for the development of osteoporosis [105].”
Background
Frailty, Aging, and Periodontal Disease: Basic Biological Considerations
Clark, D., Kotronia, E., & Ramsay, S. E. (2021) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12380 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, and its analogs: Effective therapies against different chronic diseases
Parama, D., Boruah, M., Yachna, K., Rana, V., Banik, K., Harsha, C., Thakur, K. K., Dutta, U., Arya, A., Mao, X., et al. (2020) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118182 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: The Role of Immune System Cells
Faienza, M. F., Ventura, A., Marzano, F., & Cavallo, L. (2013) · Clinical and Developmental Immunology · doi:10.1155/2013/575936 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
“[2] L.”
Cellular senescence, ageing and disease
Burton, D. G. A. (2008) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-008-9075-y · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines
Hu, L., Mauro, T. M., Dang, E., Man, G., Zhang, J., Lee, D. Y., Wang, G., Feingold, K. R., Elias, P. M., & Man, M. (2017) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.007 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Gender Differences in Osteoporosis: A Single-Center Observational Study
Martinis, M. D., Sirufo, M. M., Polsinelli, M., Placidi, G., Silvestre, D. D., & Ginaldi, L. (2020) · The World Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.5534/wjmh.200099 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
“Osteoporosis is one of the most common inflammatory bone loss condition [5,6] and is an age-related disorder: its prevalence increases with age and is actually growing due to the constant aging of the population [7-9].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Estrogens in rheumatoid arthritis; the immune system and bone
Islander, U., Jochéms, C., Lagerquist, M. K., Forsblad‐d’Elia, H., & Carlsten, H. (2010) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.05.018 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Enhanced Immunoprotective Effects by Anti-IL-17 Antibody Translates to Improved Skeletal Parameters Under Estrogen Deficiency Compared With Anti-RANKL and Anti-TNF-α Antibodies
Tyagi, A. M., Mansoori, M. N., Srivastava, K., Khan, M. P., Kureel, J., Dixit, M., Shukla, P., Trivedi, R., Chattopadhyay, N., & Singh, D. R. (2014) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.2228 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
“Recent studies have established that bone and immune cells are functionally connected because they share the same progenitors and are influenced by the same cytokines.((1,9))”
Background
B cells and immunosenescence: A focus on IgG+IgD−CD27− (DN) B cells in aged humans
Bulati, M., Buffa, S., Candore, G., Caruso, C., Dunn‐Walters, D. K., Pellicanò, M., Wu, Y.-C. B., & Romano, G. C. (2010) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2010.12.002 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Long-term aerobic exercise and omega-3 supplementation modulate osteoporosis through inflammatory mechanisms in post-menopausal women: A randomized, repeated measures study
Tartibian, B., Hajizadeh Maleki, B., Kanaley, J., & Sadeghi, K. (2011) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-71 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“Considering the well-known anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training [31-33], N-3 PUFAs [18], and the strong association between inflammatory markers and menopause-related osteoporosis [3-6], we hypothesized that the exercise training as well as N-3 PUFA supplementation would be effective in reducing chronic infl…”
Background
The Microbiome and Musculoskeletal Conditions of Aging: A Review of Evidence for Impact and Potential Therapeutics
Steves, C. J., Bird, S., Williams, F. M. K., & Spector, T. D. (2015) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.2765 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
“Furthermore, numerous inflammatory diseases are associated with osteoporosis,((51)) including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).”
Background
Identification of co-expression gene networks, regulatory genes and pathways for obesity based on adipose tissue RNA sequencing in a porcine model
Kogelman, L. J. A., Cirera, S., Zhernakova, D. V., Fredholm, M., Franke, L., & Kadarmideen, H. N. (2014) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/1755-8794-7-57 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
“immune diseases [35].”
Magnesium and vitamin C supplementation attenuates steroid-associated osteonecrosis in a rat model
Zheng, L.-Z., Wang, J.-L., Xu, J., Zhang, X.-T., Liu, B.-Y., Huang, L., Zhang, R., Zu, H., He, X. M., Mi, J., et al. (2020) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119828 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
“Inflammation could decrease osteoblastic bone formation, increase apoptosis of osteoblast and osteocytes, and increase osteoclastic bone resorption [62] to deteriorate the repair progress of SAON.”
Background
Cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL): Pathogenesis and clinical implications
D’Oronzo, S., Stucci, L. S., Tucci, M., & Silvestris, F. (2015) · Cancer Treatment Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.09.003 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“In addition, inflammatory conditions worsen osteoporosis as an effect of the pro-osteoclastogenic activity of inflammatory mediators, including TNFa, IL-6 and IL-1 [10,12].”
Background
Exosomes from adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate diabetic osteoporosis in rats through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in osteoclasts
Zhang, L., Wang, Q., Su, H., & Cheng, J. (2021) · Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering · doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.02.007 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Biomolecular basis of the role of diabetes mellitus in osteoporosis and bone fractures
Roy, B. (2013) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v4.i4.101 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Vitamin K, circulating cytokines, and bone mineral density in older men and women
Shea, M. K., Dallal, G. E., Dawson-Hughes, B. F., Ordovás, J. M., O’Donnell, C. J., Gundberg, C. M., Peterson, J. W., & Booth, S. L. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/88.2.356 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
“Although a role for inflammation in bone resorption was suggested (7, 8), we did not observe associations between plasma IL-6 or CRP and BMD either cross-sectionally at baseline, before randomization (data not shown), or during the 3 y of follow-up.”
Advanced Glycation End Products Play Adverse Proinflammatory Activities in Osteoporosis
Sanguineti, R., Puddu, A., Mach, F., Montecucco, F., & Viviani, G. L. (2014) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2014/975872 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
“In bone, chronic inflammation in aging has been described to increase pathogenetic factors in osteoporosis [6].”
An Update on Autoinflammatory Diseases
Ciccarelli, F., Martinis, M. D., & Ginaldi, L. (2013) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/09298673113206660303 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“Atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative syndrome and osteoporosis [2] are significant examples of common diseases in which the well known inflammatory substrate shares many similarities with the typical auto inflammatory state.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Mind-body therapies for menopausal symptoms: A systematic review
Innes, K. E., Selfe, T. K., & Vishnu, A. (2010) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.01.016 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Melatonin effects on bone: Implications for use as a therapy for managing bone loss
Munmun, F., & Witt‐Enderby, P. A. (2021) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/jpi.12749 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Targeting autophagy in osteoporosis: From pathophysiology to potential therapy
Li, X., Xu, J., Dai, B., Wang, X., Guo, Q., & Qin, L. (2020) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101098 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Osteoporosis: integrating biomarkers and other diagnostic correlates into the management of bone fragility.
McCormick, R. K. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Osteoimmunology: The Regulatory Roles of T Lymphocytes in Osteoporosis
Zhang, W., Dang, K., Huai, Y., & Qian, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00465 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“RANKL and RANKwere identified as key factors in the mediation of bone remodeling, especially in the osteoclast formation (29, 30).”
Background
Pinpointing beta adrenergic receptor in ageing pathophysiology: victim or executioner? Evidence from crime scenes
Santulli, G., & Iaccarino, G. (2013) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/1742-4933-10-10 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“ing fracture risks [173].”
Endocrinology and Dialysis Jean L. Holley, Series Editor: Osteoporosis and Chronic Kidney Disease
Gal‐Moscovici, A., & Sprague, S. M. (2007) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/j.1525-139x.2007.00319.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Circulating miR-181c-5p and miR-497-5p Are Potential Biomarkers for Prognosis and Diagnosis of Osteoporosis
Ma, J., Lin, X., Chen, C., Li, S., Zhang, S., Chen, Z., Li, D., Zhao, F., Yang, C., Yin, C., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz300 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
One-year supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 counteracts a degradation of gut microbiota in older women with low bone mineral density
Li, P., Ji, B., Luo, H., Sundh, D., Lorentzon, M., & Nielsen, J. (2022) · npj Biofilms and Microbiomes · doi:10.1038/s41522-022-00348-2 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Evaluation of the protective effects of curcuminoid (curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin)-loaded liposomes against bone turnover in a cell-based model of osteoarthritis
Chang, H.-I., Su, Y.-H., Lin, Y.-J., Chen, P.-J., Shi, C., Chen, C., & Yeh, C. (2015) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s78277 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“11,12 RANKL, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, can activate nuclear factor-κβ ligand (NF-κ B) through RANK–RANKL specific binding to stimulate the survival, differentiation, and activation of osteoclasts.”
Molecular mechanisms for anti‐aging by natural dietary compounds
Pan, M., Lai, C., Tsai, M., Wu, J.-C., & Ho, C. (2011) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201100509 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“Although it has been known that the oestrogen deficiency is a most important factor of osteoporosis pathogenesis, emerging clinical and molecular evidences suggest that aging-associated immunosenescence and inflammation might have pivotal role in osteoporosis [86].”
Background
The Role of Osteocytes in Inflammatory Bone Loss
Metzger, C. E., & Narayanan, S. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00285 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“Multiple other conditions with known inflammatory components are also associated with bone loss and increased bone fragility including type 2 diabetes (9), chronic kidney disease (10), spinal cord injury (11), and aging-related osteoporosis (12).”
Background
Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Regulation of Osteoclastogenesis and Osteoblastogenesis
Boyce, B. F., Li, J., Yao, Z., & Xing, L. (2023) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2023.501 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“…TRAF3 degradation by TGFβ in MPCs contributes to age-related osteoporosis [109], which is caused by a combination of increased bone resorption and reduced bone formation, associated with low-grade chronic inflammation (inflam-maging) [110], fragile bones and increased risk of fractures [111].”
Background
Pregnancy and lactation, a challenge for the skeleton
Winter, E. M., Ireland, A., Butterfield, N. C., Haffner‐Luntzer, M., Horcajada, M.-N., Veldhuis‐Vlug, A. G., Oei, L., Colaianni, G., & Bonnet, N. (2020) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-20-0055 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Reversing T cell immunosenescence: why, who, and how
Lang, P. O., Govind, S., & Aspinall, R. (2012) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-012-9393-y · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“2009; Ongrádi and Kövesdi 2010), contribute to the increased susceptibility of older adults to develop not only infectious diseases, but cancer, Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, and autoimmunity (Ginaldi et al. 2005; 2008; Lang et al. 2010b; Fulop et al. 2011).”
Background
IL-18BP is decreased in osteoporotic women: Prevents Inflammasome mediated IL-18 activation and reduces Th17 differentiation
Mansoori, M. N., Shukla, P., Kakaji, M., Tyagi, A. M., Srivastava, K., Shukla, M. K., Dixit, M., Kureel, J., Gupta, S. K., & Singh, D. R. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep33680 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Inverse relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly people
Öztürk, Z. A., Yeşil, Y., Kuyumcu, M. E., Bilici, M. F., Öztürk, N., Yeşil, N. K., Özkaya, M., Kısacık, B., Kepekçi, Y., & Arıoğul, S. (2013) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2013.02.005 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Longitudinal associations between dietary inflammatory index and musculoskeletal health in community-dwelling older adults
Cervo, M. M., Shivappa, N., Hébert, J. R., Oddy, W. H., Winzenberg, T. M., Balogun, S. A., Wu, F., Ebeling, P. R., Aitken, D. A., Jones, G., et al. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.02.031 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Therapy Insight: osteoporosis and osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
Lane, N. E. (2006) · Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/ncprheum0298 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Immunological pathogenesis of main age-related diseases and frailty: Role of immunosenescence
Lang, P.-O., Mitchell, W. A., Lapenna, A., Pitts, D. G., & Aspinall, R. (2010) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eurger.2010.01.010 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Regulators of A20 (TNFAIP3): new drug-able targets in inflammation
Momtazi, G., Lambrecht, B. N., Naranjo, J. R., & Schock, B. C. (2018) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00335.2018 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Inflammation and neutrophil immunosenescence in health and disease: Targeted treatments to improve clinical outcomes in the elderly
Drew, W., Wilson, D. V., & Sapey, E. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.020 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“The most common chronic non-communicable diseases are associated with inflammation, for example, COPD (Stone et al., 2012), type 2 diabetes (Ayilavarapu et al., 2010), osteoporosis (Ginaldi et al., 2005) and dementia (Bruunsgaard et al., 1999) and these conditions often cooccur.”
Visfatin Connection: Present and Future in Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis
Franco‐Trepat, E., Guillán‐Fresco, M., Alonso‐Pérez, A., Mora, A. J., Francisco, V., Gualillo, O., & Gómez, R. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8081178 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic disease characterized by bone fragility, associated with a dramatic loss of bone density [4,5].”
BackgroundInfluential
Inflammatory markers and bone health in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional overview
Ilesanmi-Oyelere, B. L., Schollum, L. M., Kuhn‐Sherlock, B., McConnell, M. A., Mros, S., Coad, J. E., Roy, N. C., & Kruger, M. C. (2019) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-019-0155-x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Influence of Menopause on Inflammatory Cytokines during Murine and Human Bone Fracture Healing
Fischer, V., Kalbitz, M., Müller‐Graf, F., Gebhard, F., Ignatius, A. A., Liedert, A., & Haffner‐Luntzer, M. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19072070 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The biological effects of tocotrienol on bone: a review on evidence from rodent models
Chin, K., & Ima-Nirwana, S. (2015) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s79660 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“19,20 Oxidative stress damages osteoblasts and affects their differentiation and survival.”
Potential mechanisms linking psychological stress to bone health
Ng, J.-S., & Chin, K.-Y. (2021) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.50680 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“Inflammation is one of the important secondary risk factors for osteoporosis, as observed in various inflammatory conditions [38, 39].”
Hyperhomocysteinemia is Associated with Inflammation, Bone Resorption, Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency and MTHFR C677T Polymorphism in Postmenopausal Women with Decreased Bone Mineral Density
Martinis, M. D., Sirufo, M. M., Nocelli, C., Fontanella, L., & Ginaldi, L. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17124260 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“This is clearly evident in postmenopausal osteoporosis in which the levels of both Hcy and inflammatory markers are particularly high [19,46].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Serum markers of apoptosis decrease with age and cancer stage
Kavathia, N. H., Jain, A., Walston, J. D., Beamer, B. A., & Fedarko, N. S. (2009) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.100069 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“disease [42, 43], diabetes mellitus [44], frailty [45, 46], osteoporosis [47], rheumatoid arthritis [48], and cognitive disorders such as Alzheimers and Parkinson's disease [49-51].”
Background
Relationships Between Ion Channels, Mitochondrial Functions and Inflammation in Human Aging
Strickland, M., Yacoubi‐Loueslati, B., Bouhaouala‐Zahar, B., Pender, S. L. F., & Larbi, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00158 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Olives and Bone: A Green Osteoporosis Prevention Option
Chin, K., & Ima-Nirwana, S. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13080755 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Cellular Stress and General Pathological Processes
Gusev, E. Y., & Zotova, N. V. (2019) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612825666190319114641 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The Role of Prunes in Modulating Inflammatory Pathways to Improve Bone Health in Postmenopausal Women
Damani, J. J., Souza, M. J. D., VanEvery, H., Strock, N. C. A., & Rogers, C. J. (2021) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmab162 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Is osteoporosis an autoimmune mediated disorder?
Iseme, R. A., Mcevoy, M., Kelly, B., Agnew, L., Walker, F. R., & Attia, J. (2017) · Bone Reports · doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2017.10.003 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“…by clinical studies reporting a correlation between the production of IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα by peripheral blood monocytes and bone resorption as well as spinal bone loss amongst healthy pre-and post-menopausal women (Weitzman, 2013; Brincat et al., 2014; Teitelbaum, 2004; Ginaldi et al., 2005).”
BackgroundResult
Leonurus�sibiricus L. ethanol extract promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclast formation
Kim, J., Kim, M., Jung, H., & Sohn, Y. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2019.4269 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Among these, the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects have been demonstrated to be associated with the treatment of bone metabolic disease (17).”
Background
Immunological alterations in frail older adults: A cross sectional study
Valdiglesias, V., Marcos-Pérez, D., Lorenzi, M., Onder, G., Gostner, J., Strasser, B., Fuchs, D., & Bonassi, S. (2018) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.09.010 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Premature T cell senescence in Ovx mice is inhibited by repletion of estrogen and medicarpin: a possible mechanism for alleviating bone loss
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Background
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“Apart from reducing estrogen production, inflammation can also induce the etiology of OP (Ginaldi et al., 2005).”
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Background
Exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines upregulates MMP-9 synthesis by mesenchymal stem cells-derived osteoprogenitors
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BackgroundInfluential
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“There are several pathways involved in the etiopathogenesis of OP, including metabolic, endocrine and mechanical factors, whereas chronic inflammation has also been shown to play an important role (15).”
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Shilajit extract reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss to dose-dependently preserve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
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Osteoporosis, Inflammation, and Aging
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Self-citation
Osteoporosis – an immune mediated disease?
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Effect of senescence on bone remodeling: the role of inflammageing.
Ginaldi, L., MARTINIS, M. M. M. D., & Ciccarelli, F. (2013) · Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi dell Aquila
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Immunology of Osteoporosis: A Mini-Review
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Immunologic aspects of osteoporosis
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Authors: Ginaldi, L., Di Benedetto, M. C., & De Martinis, M.
Affiliations: University of L'Aquila (IT)
Corresponding author: Ginaldi, Lia
ORCID: Ginaldi, Lia
Venue: Immunity & Ageing
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2005-11-04
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Pages: 14-14
ISSN: 1742-4933 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-2-14
PMC: PMC1308846
OpenAlex: W2168242208
Cited by: 412
References: 164
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 2.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Immunity & Ageing (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi dell Aquila (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
Keywords: osteoporosis, chronic inflammation, aging, bone turnover, inflammatory cytokines, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bone-immune interaction, fracture risk, older adults

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