Cited by 32Bone Tissue Engineering MaterialsExtracellular vesicles in diseaseMedicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research

Exosomes to exosome-functionalized scaffolds: a novel approach to stimulate bone regeneration

Open access
Deng, Li, Liu, Yang, Wu, Qian, Lai, Shuang, Yang, Qiu, Mu, Yandong, Dong, Mingqing·2024·Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Abstract

Bone regeneration is a complex biological process that relies on the orchestrated interplay of various cellular and molecular events. Bone tissue engineering is currently the most promising method for treating bone regeneration. However, the immunogenicity, stable and cell quantity of seed cells limited their application. Recently, exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles released by cells, have been found to effectively address these problems and better induce bone regeneration. Meanwhile, a growing line of research has shown the cargos of exosomes may provide effective therapeutic and biomarker tools for bone repair, including miRNA, lncRNA, and proteins. Moreover, engineered scaffolds loaded with exosomes can offer a cell-free bone repair strategy, addressing immunogenicity concerns and providing a more stable functional performance. Herein, we provide a comprehensive summary of the role played by scaffolds loaded with exosomes in bone regeneration, drawing on a systematic analysis of relevant literature available on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar database.

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Crossref · 10.1186/s13287-024-04024-4

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149 of 149 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The internal three-dimensional network structure of GelMA provides ample space for exosome loading, effectively maintains exosome activity, and has been extensively utilized to construct exosome delivery systems.

    “The internal three-dimensional network structure of the GelMA hydrogel provides ample space for exosome loading, effectively maintains exosome activity, and has been extensively utilized to construct exosome delivery systems [57].”

    From Hydrogel scaffold encapsulating MSC-Exos and ZIF-8 promotes bone regeneration via coordinating osteogenesis and immunomodulation (2025) · cites this paper as [57]

    The section ‘Exosomes functionalized naturally derived scaffolds’ (page unavailable) describes exosomes incorporated into chitosan hydrogel and carried by hyaluronic-acid scaffolds, supporting the broader use of scaffolds for exosome delivery. It does not identify GelMA, describe its three-dimensional network as providing loading space, or say that GelMA maintains exosome activity or has been extensively used for delivery systems. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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3 retracted

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [47]Yang D, Zhang W, Zhang H, et al. Progress, opportunity, and perspective on exosome isolation-efforts for efficient exosome-based theranostics. Theranostics. 2020;1910(8):3684–707. PMC7069071 32206116 · DOI
  2. [56]He L, He T, Xing J, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect cartilage damage and relieve knee osteoarthritis pain in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):276. 32650828 PMC7350730 · DOI
  3. [66]Kang M, Huang CC, Lu Y, Shirazi S, Gajendrareddy P, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Bone regeneration is mediated by macrophage extracellular vesicles. Bone. 2020;141:115627. 32891867 PMC8107826 · DOI · Paper page

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Authors
Deng, L., Liu, Y., Wu, Q., Lai, S., Yang, Q., Mu, Y., & Dong, M.
Affiliations
  • Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (CN)
  • University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Mu, Yandong
  • Dong, Mingqing
Venue
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Published
2024-11-09
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
407-407
ISSN
1757-6512 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4404199535
Cited by
32
References
149
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 17
FWCI
1.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Stem Cell Research & Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Program (No. 2024-YF05- 01140-SN, No. 2024-YF09-00026-SN)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Medicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research
Keywords
exosomes, bone regeneration, bone tissue engineering, extracellular vesicles, cell-free therapy, immunogenicity, exosome cargo, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, biomarkers
MeSH terms
Animals, Bone Regeneration, Humans, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds, Exosomes

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