Adiponectin promotes adipocyte differentiation, insulin sensitivity, and lipid accumulation
Open accessAbstract
Adiponectin is secreted from adipocytes, and low circulating levels have been epidemiologically associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. To investigate whether adiponectin could exert autocrine effects in adipocytes, we expressed the adiponectin gene in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts. We observed that 3T3-L1 fibroblasts expressing adiponectin have a fast growth phase and reach confluence more rapidly compared with control cells or LacZ-transduced cells. Furthermore, cells with overexpressed adiponectin were observed to differentiate into adipocytes more rapidly, and during adipogenesis, they exhibited more prolonged and robust gene expression for related transcriptional factors, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), and adipocyte determination and differentiation factor 1/sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (ADD1/SREBP1c) and earlier suppression of PPARgamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha). In fully differentiated adipocytes, adiponectin-overexpressing cells accumulated more and larger lipid droplets compared with control cells. Also, adiponectin increased insulin's ability to maximally stimulate glucose uptake by 78% through increased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) gene expression and increased GLUT4 recruitment to the plasma membrane. These data suggest a new role for adiponectin as an autocrine factor in adipose tissues: promoting cell proliferation and differentiation from preadipocytes into adipocytes, augmenting programmed gene expression responsible for adipogenesis, and increasing lipid content and insulin responsiveness of the glucose transport system in adipocytes.
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Adiponectin is an adipocyte-secreted protein with neuroprotective effects, as well as insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects.
“Adiponectin is an adipocyte-secreted protein that seems to have neuroprotective effects151, in addition to its insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects151,153.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [153]
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- Authors
- Fu, Y., Luo, N., Klein, R. L., & Garvey, W. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fu, Yuchang
- Venue
- Journal of Lipid Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1369-1379
- ISSN
- 0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2134100561
- Cited by
- 666
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 20.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01hl055782-10)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01 HL 55782)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 38764)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- adiponectin, adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, lipid accumulation, autocrine signaling, 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, PPARγ, SREBP-1c, PGC-1α, GLUT4, glucose uptake, adipocyte proliferation, obesity, type 2 diabetes
- MeSH terms
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Cell Differentiation, DNA-Binding Proteins, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Monosaccharide Transport Proteins, Muscle Proteins, Transcription Factors, Trans-Activators, Adipocytes, CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins, CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, 3T3-L1 Cells, PPAR gamma, Lipid Metabolism, Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Glucose Transporter Type 4, Mice, Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1, Adiponectin
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