Regulation of oxytocin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the ventromedial hypothalamus by testosterone and its metabolites
Abstract
Oxytocin receptor (OR) binding in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is regulated by testosterone (T) and its metabolites, estrogen (E2) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Previous studies have reported that OR binding increases in the VMH in castrated male rats when they are replaced with T or E2 compared to that in vehicle-treated animals. DHT alone had no effect on OR binding, but when given in combination with E2 appeared to have a synergistic effect. This study was designed to determine whether these effects of steroid hormones on OR binding in the VMH are associated with changes in OR messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Male rats were castrated or sham operated and given T propionate (TP), E2 benzoate (EB), DHT plus EB, or an oil vehicle. OR mRNA was assessed using a rat complementary RNA OR probe and in situ hybridization techniques. OR binding to tissue slices was quantified autoradiographically using an OR antagonist, [125I]d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4,Tyr-NH2(9)] ornithine vasotocin. These experiments showed that TP and EB increased both OR mRNA and OR binding in the VMH significantly above levels in vehicle-treated animals. However, animals given both EB and DHT exhibited significantly lower OR mRNA expression and OR binding in the VMH compared to those in animals treated with TP or EB alone. These data indicate that increases in VMH OR binding in response to gonadal steroids are accompanied by changes at the mRNA level that correspond well in magnitude and direction with those in the OR-binding sites.
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Testosterone increases OXTR in the hypothalamus of rats but decreases OXTR in mice.
“For example, testosterone increases OXTR in the hypothalamus of rats but decreases OXTR in mice (68, 69).”
From Variation in the Oxytocin Receptor Gene Predicts Brain Region–Specific Expression and Social Attachment (2016) · cites this paper as [68]
In some rodent brain regions, OXTR expression is regulated by gonadal steroids in a species-specific manner.
“In some rodent brain regions, OXTR expression is regulated by gonadal steroids in a species specific manner.”
From Variation in the Oxytocin Receptor Gene Predicts Brain Region–Specific Expression and Social Attachment (2016) · cites this paper as [68]
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REVIEW Sex, parturition and motherhood without oxytocin?
Russell, J. A., & Leng, G. (2015)
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- Authors
- Bale, T. L., & Dorsa, D. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- ORCID
- Bale, T L
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1995-11
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 5135-5138
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- OpenAlex
- W2075221580
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-07332, NS-20311, R01NS020311)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- oxytocin receptor, ventromedial hypothalamus, testosterone, estrogen, dihydrotestosterone, steroid hormone regulation, mRNA expression, receptor binding, castration, testosterone propionate, synergistic hormone effects
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoradiography, Estradiol, Gene Expression Regulation, Hypothalamus, Middle, Iodine Radioisotopes, Male, Orchiectomy, RNA, Messenger, Dihydrotestosterone, Testosterone, Vasotocin, RNA Probes, In Situ Hybridization, Receptors, Oxytocin, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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