Norepinephrine Is Required for Leptin Effects on Gene Expression in Brown and White Adipose Tissue1

Commins, Scott P.; Marsh, Donald J.; Thomas, Steven A.; Watson, Patricia M.; Padgett, Mark A.; Palmiter, Richard; Gettys, Thomas W.

doi:10.1210/endo.140.10.7043

Cited by 107Adipose Tissue and MetabolismRegulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Norepinephrine Is Required for Leptin Effects on Gene Expression in Brown and White Adipose Tissue1

Commins, Scott P., Marsh, Donald J., Thomas, Steven A., Watson, Patricia M., Padgett, Mark A., Palmiter, Richard, Gettys, Thomas W.·1999·Endocrinology

DOI 10.1210/endo.140.10.7043

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Abstract

Exogenous leptin enhances energy utilization in ob/ob mice by binding its hypothalamic receptor and selectively increasing peripheral fat oxidation. Leptin also increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), but the neurotransmitter that mediates this effect has not been established. The present experiments sought to determine whether leptin regulates UCP1 expression in BAT and its own expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) through the long or short forms of leptin receptor and modulation of norepinephrine release. Mice lacking dopamine beta-hydroxylase (Dbh-/-), the enzyme responsible for synthesizing norepinephrine and epinephrine from dopamine, were treated with leptin (20 microg/g body weight/day) for 3 days before they were euthanized. UCP1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were 5-fold higher in BAT from control (Dbh+/-) compared with Dbh-/- mice. Leptin produced a 4-fold increase in UCP1 mRNA levels in Dbh+/- mice but had no effect on UCP1 expression in Dbh-/-. The beta3-adrenergic agonist, CL-316,243 increased UCP1 expression and established that BAT from both groups of mice was capable of responding to beta-adrenergic stimulation. Similarly, exogenous leptin reduced leptin mRNA in WAT from Dbh+/- but not Dbh-/- mice. In separate experiments, leptin produced comparable reductions in food intake in both Dbh+/- and Dbh-/- mice, illustrating that norepinephrine is not required for leptin's effect on food intake. Lastly, db/db mice lacking the long form of the leptin receptor failed to increase UCP1 mRNA in response to exogenous leptin but increased UCP1 mRNA in response to CL-316,243. These studies establish that norepinephrine is required for leptin to regulate its own expression in WAT and UCP1 expression in BAT and indicate that these effects are likely mediated through the centrally expressed long form of the leptin receptor.

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To date there is limited evidence that leptin mediates thermogenesis via the SNS in humans.
“In addition, leptin, released by white adipocytes, regulates energy balance by effects on the hypothalamus that lead to inhibition of food intake and increased thermogenesis via activation of the SNS, though to date there is limited evidence that leptin mediates thermogenesis via the SNS in humans 66–70.”
From Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy (2010) · cites this paper as [67]
Leptin, released by white adipocytes, regulates energy balance by effects on the hypothalamus that lead to inhibition of food intake and increased thermogenesis via activation of the SNS.
“In addition, leptin, released by white adipocytes, regulates energy balance by effects on the hypothalamus that lead to inhibition of food intake and increased thermogenesis via activation of the SNS, though to date there is limited evidence that leptin mediates thermogenesis via the SNS in humans 66–70.”
From Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy (2010) · cites this paper as [67]

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Printed in U.S.A. Copyright © 1999 by The Endocrine Society Norepinephrine Is Required for Leptin Effects on Gene
Brown, E. I., Tissue, W. A., Commins, S. P., Marsh, D. J., THOMAS, S. A., Watson, P. M., Padgett, M. A., Palmiter, R. D., & Gettys, T. W. (2013)
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Central Leptin Regulates the UCP1 and obGenes in Brown and White Adipose Tissue via Different β-Adrenoceptor Subtypes
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Leptin induction of UCP1 gene expression is dependent on sympathetic innervation
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Leptin increases uncoupling protein expression and energy expenditure
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Induction of Uncoupling Protein Expression in Brown and White Adipose Tissue by Leptin**This work was supported by a research grant from the American Diabetes Association, USPHS Grant DK-53981, and a research grant from the USDA (NRICGP/USDA 9800699).
Commins, S. P., Watson, P. M., Padgett, M. A., Dudley, A. C., Argyropoulos, G. A., & Gettys, T. W. (1999) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.140.1.6399 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Commins, S. P., Marsh, D. J., Thomas, S. A., Watson, P. M., Padgett, M. A., Palmiter, R., & Gettys, T. W.
Affiliations: Medical University of South Carolina (US)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Gettys, Thomas W.
ORCID: Commins, Scott P.
Palmiter, Richard
Gettys, Thomas W.
Venue: Endocrinology
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 1999-10
Volume: 140
Issue: 10
Pages: 4772-4778
ISSN: 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
1945-7170
DOI: 10.1210/endo.140.10.7043
OpenAlex: W2051553082
Cited by: 107
References: 52
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 3.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (7r01dk053981-04)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 08716, T32GM008716)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 53981)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 09172)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords: leptin, norepinephrine, brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, UCP1, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, leptin receptor isoforms, beta3-adrenergic receptor, CL316,243, dietary intake, gene expression regulation, ob/ob mice, db/db mice
MeSH terms: Uncoupling Protein 1, Adipose Tissue, Animals, Body Weight, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Carrier Proteins, Diabetes Mellitus, Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase, Eating, Ion Channels, Male, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Norepinephrine, Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression, Mice, Knockout, Leptin, Mitochondrial Proteins, Mice

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Norepinephrine Is Required for Leptin Effects on Gene Expression in Brown and White Adipose Tissue1

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