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Cited by 187Hormonal and reproductive studiesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Sex Steroid Hormones, Upper Body Obesity, and Insulin Resistance

Abate, Nicola, Haffner, Steven M., Garg, Abhimanyu, Peshock, Ronald M., Grundy, Scott M.·2002·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jc.2002-020567
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Abstract

Low plasma levels of SHBG and free testosterone have been associated with increased insulin resistance and risk for type 2 diabetes in males. As truncal obesity, a condition accompanied by increased insulin resistance, is also associated with low SHBG and testosterone levels, the independent association of low free testosterone and SHBG with excessive insulin resistance remains to be determined. In this study we evaluated whether in normogonadic men, plasma levels of SHBG and free testosterone are primarily related to insulin resistance or to generalized and regional adiposity. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and iv glucose tolerance tests were performed in 24 healthy volunteer and 33 patients with mild type 2 diabetes. The 2 groups were chosen to have similar body mass index and were found to have similar body composition and fat distribution, assessed by underwater weighing, skinfold thickness, and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen. In the 2 groups combined, plasma levels of SHBG correlated inversely with fat accumulation in both sc and intraabdominal areas. Plasma levels of free testosterone correlated inversely with both truncal and peripheral skinfold thickness only in the nondiabetic men. No associations between plasma levels of sex steroid hormones and insulin resistance, hepatic glucose output, or insulin secretion were found to be independent of adiposity. Furthermore, although patients with diabetes were more insulin resistant than those without diabetes, the 2 groups had similar plasma concentrations of free testosterone (55 +/- 14 and 67 +/- 27 pmol/liter, respectively), SHBG (19 +/- 13 and 19 +/- 13 nmol/liter), estradiol (83 +/- 5 and 81 +/- 21 pmol/liter), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (3.6 +/- 2.2 and 2.8 +/- 1.7 nmol/liter). We conclude that in normogonadal nondiabetic males, the variability in plasma bioavailable testosterone concentrations is predictive of the variability in fat deposition in the sc adipose tissue compartments of both truncal and peripheral areas. Low plasma levels of bioavailable testosterone do not independently predict excessive insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, or hepatic glucose output in normogonadal men.

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Authors
Abate, N., Haffner, S. M., Garg, A., Peshock, R. M., & Grundy, S. M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
Corresponding author
Abate, Nicola
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2002-10
Volume
87
Issue
10
Pages
4522-4527
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jc.2002-020567
OpenAlex
W2117020897
Cited by
187
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
FWCI
7.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000633, M01 RR00633)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords
sex hormone-binding globulin, free testosterone, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, upper body obesity, type 2 diabetes, adiposity, subcutaneous adipose tissue, intra-abdominal fat, beta-cell dysfunction, hepatic glucose production, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Body Composition, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Estradiol, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Obesity, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Testosterone, Glucose Clamp Technique, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate

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