Broadband Electrophysiological Dynamics Contribute to Global Resting-State fMRI Signal
Open accessAbstract
Spontaneous activity observed with resting-state fMRI is used widely to uncover the brain's intrinsic functional networks in health and disease. Although many networks appear modular and specific, global and nonspecific fMRI fluctuations also exist and both pose a challenge and present an opportunity for characterizing and understanding brain networks. Here, we used a multimodal approach to investigate the neural correlates to the global fMRI signal in the resting state. Like fMRI, resting-state power fluctuations of broadband and arrhythmic, or scale-free, macaque electrocorticography and human magnetoencephalography activity were correlated globally. The power fluctuations of scale-free human electroencephalography (EEG) were coupled with the global component of simultaneously acquired resting-state fMRI, with the global hemodynamic change lagging the broadband spectral change of EEG by ∼5 s. The levels of global and nonspecific fluctuation and synchronization in scale-free population activity also varied across and depended on arousal states. Together, these results suggest that the neural origin of global resting-state fMRI activity is the broadband power fluctuation in scale-free population activity observable with macroscopic electrical or magnetic recordings. Moreover, the global fluctuation in neurophysiological and hemodynamic activity is likely modulated through diffuse neuromodulation pathways that govern arousal states and vigilance levels. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study provides new insights into the neural origin of resting-state fMRI. Results demonstrate that the broadband power fluctuation of scale-free electrophysiology is globally synchronized and directly coupled with the global component of spontaneous fMRI signals, in contrast to modularly synchronized fluctuations in oscillatory neural activity. These findings lead to a new hypothesis that scale-free and oscillatory neural processes account for global and modular patterns of functional connectivity observed with resting-state fMRI, respectively.
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Recent work indicates that broadband non-rhythmic activity and narrowband rhythmic activity explain global and modular patterns of resting-state fMRI connectivity, respectively.
“recent findings suggest that (broadband) arrhythmic and (narrowband) rhythmic processes account for global and modular patterns of functional connectivity observed with resting state fMRI, respectively (170).”
From Electrophysiological source imaging: A noninvasive window to brain dynamics (2018) · cites this paper as [170]
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Functional network antagonism and consciousness
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Resting Brain Fluctuations Are Intrinsically Coupled to Visual Response Dynamics
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An Electrophysiological Marker of Arousal Level in HumansPreprint
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Structural and functional changes of the cerebellum in temporal lobe epilepsy
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The Not-So-Global Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Signal
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Functional connectome fingerprint of holistic–analytic cultural style
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Scale-free amplitude modulation of low-frequency fluctuations in episodic migraine
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Characterizing endogenous delta oscillations in human MEG
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Frequency-dependent circuits anchored in the dorsal and ventral left anterior insula
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The temporal dedifferentiation of global brain signal fluctuations during human brain ageing
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BOLD Coupling between Lesioned and Healthy Brain Is Associated with Glioma Patients’ Recovery
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Bridging the gap – Spontaneous fluctuations shape stimulus-evoked spectral powerPreprint
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A suite of neurophotonic tools to underpin the contribution of internal brain states in fMRI
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Static and temporal dynamic alterations of local functional connectivity in chronic insomnia
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The functional overlap between respiration and global signal and its behavioral relevance
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Sleep-specific changes in physiological brain pulsationsPreprint
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Commentary: Amplification and Suppression of Distinct Brainwide Activity Patterns by Catecholamines
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Interoceptive influences on resting-state fMRI
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- Authors
- Wen, H., & Liu, Z.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- ORCID
- Liu, Zhongming
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2016-06-01
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 6030-6040
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC4887567
- OpenAlex
- W2409584775
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 5.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Purdue University (R01MH104402)
- Purdue Research Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH104402)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- resting-state fMRI, electrocorticography, magnetoencephalography, EEG, hemodynamic coupling, neuronal synchronization, arousal, sustained attention, neuromodulation, functional connectivity, spontaneous brain activity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Brain, Brain Mapping, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Oxygen, Rest, Statistics as Topic, Magnetoencephalography
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