Circuits for local and global signal integration in primary visual cortex
Open accessAbstract
Contrast-dependent changes in spatial summation and contextual modulation of primary visual cortex (V1) neuron responses to stimulation of their receptive field reveal long-distance integration of visual signals within V1, well beyond the classical receptive field (cRF) of single neurons. To identify the cortical circuits mediating these long-distance computations, we have used a combination of anatomical and physiological recording methods to determine the spatial scale and retinotopic logic of intra-areal V1 horizontal connections and inter-areal feedback connections to V1. We have then compared the spatial scales of these connectional systems to the spatial dimensions of the cRF, spatial summation field (SF), and modulatory surround field of macaque V1 neurons. We find that monosynaptic horizontal connections within area V1 are of an appropriate spatial scale to mediate interactions within the SF of V1 neurons and to underlie contrast-dependent changes in SF size. Contrary to common beliefs, these connections cannot fully account for the dimensions of the surround field. The spatial scale of feedback circuits from extrastriate cortex to V1 is, instead, commensurate with the full spatial range of center-surround interactions. Thus these connections could represent an anatomical substrate for contextual modulation and global-to-local integration of visual signals. Feedback projections connect corresponding and equal-sized regions of the visual field in striate and extrastriate cortices and cover anisotropic parts of visual space, unlike V1 horizontal connections that are isotropic in the macaque. V1 isotropic connectivity demonstrates that anisotropic horizontal connections are not necessary to generate orientation selectivity. Anisotropic feedback connections may play a role in contour completion.
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Mechanisms of integration include direct connectivity between neurons as well as feedback.
“Mechanisms of integration include direct connectivity between neurons (e.g., excitation/inhibition and synchronization) as well as feedback (18).”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [18]
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“These values are well within the published range (Van Essen et al., 1984; Angelucci et al., 2002; Chen et al., 2006).”
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- Authors
- Angelucci, A., Levitt, J. B., Walton, E. J. S., Hupé, J.-M., Bullier, J., & Lund, J. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- City College of New York (US)
- University College London (GB)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2002-10-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 8633-8646
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6757772
- OpenAlex
- W2151189852
- Cited by
- 789
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 46
- FWCI
- 17.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Research to Prevent Blindness
- Wellcome Trust (061113)
- National Institutes of Health
- Medical Research Council
- National Eye Institute (R01EY012781, EY 12781)
- National Center for Research Resources (G12RR003060, G12RR03060)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- primary visual cortex, horizontal connections, feedback connections, contextual modulation, center-surround interactions, contrast dependence, retinotopic organization, extrastriate cortex, orientation selectivity, contour completion, macaque V1
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biotin, Cholera Toxin, Dextrans, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca mulatta, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Retina, Visual Cortex, Visual Fields, Visual Pathways, Anisotropy, Feedback, Physiological
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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