Self-injurious behaviors in a college population
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The goal was to assess the prevalence, forms, demographic and mental health correlates of self-injurious behaviors in a representative college sample. METHODS: A random sample of undergraduate and graduate students at 2 northeastern US universities were invited to participate in an Internet-based survey in the spring of 2005. Thirty-seven percent of the 8300 invited participants responded. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence rate of having > or =1 self-injurious behavior incident was 17.0%. Seventy-five percent of those students engaged in self-injurious behaviors more than once. Thirty-six percent reported that no one knew about their self-injurious behaviors and only 3.29% indicated that a physician knew. Compared with non-self-injurers, those with repeat self-injurious behavior incidents were more likely to be female, bisexual or questioning their sexual orientation. They were less likely to be Asian/Asian American and >24 years of age. When controlling for demographic characteristics, those with repeat self-injurious behavior incidents were more likely to report a history of emotional abuse or sexual abuse, ever having considered or attempted suicide, elevated levels of psychological distress, and > or =1 characteristic of an eating disorder. A dose-response gradient was evident in each of these areas when single-incident self-injurious behaviors were compared with repeat-incident self-injurious behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial number of college students reported self-injurious behaviors in their lifetimes. Many of the behaviors occurred among individuals who had never been in therapy for any reason and who only rarely disclosed their self-injurious behaviors to anyone. Single self-injurious behavior incidents were correlated with a history of abuse and comorbid adverse health conditions but less strongly than were repeat self-injurious behavior incidents. The reticence of these clients to seek help or advice renders it critical that medical and mental health providers find effective strategies for detecting and addressing self-injurious behaviors.
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- Authors
- Whitlock, J., Eckenrode, J., & Silverman, D.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Princeton University (US)
- Venue
- PEDIATRICS
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2006-06-01
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1939-1948
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2112372680
- Cited by
- 874
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 74
- FWCI
- 39.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- self-harm, university students, prevalence, sexual orientation, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, suicide attempts, psychological distress, eating disorders, help-seeking, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Universities, Prevalence, Self-Injurious Behavior
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