Cited by 290Stress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Behavioral methods to study anxiety in rodents

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Lezak, Kimberly R., Missig, Galen, Carlezon Jr, William A.·2017·Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

Abstract

Stress is a precipitating factor for anxiety-related disorders, which are among the leading forms of psychiatric illness and impairment in the modern world. Rodent-based behavioral tests and models are widely used to understand the mechanisms by which stress triggers anxiety-related behaviors and to identify new treatments for anxiety-related disorders. Although substantial progress has been made and many of the key neural circuits and molecular pathways mediating stress responsiveness have been characterized, these advances have thus far failed to translate into fundamentally new treatments that are safer and more efficacious in humans. The purpose of this article is to describe methods that have been historically used for this type of research and to highlight new approaches that align with recent conceptualizations of disease symptomatology and that may ultimately prove to be more fruitful in facilitating the development of improved therapeutics.

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Crossref · 10.31887/dcns.2017.19.2/wcarlezon

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  • Symptoms of mental illnesses are accompanied by emotional, cognitive, and motivational aspects that are not attributable to the lower mammal species being studied.

    “Symptoms of mental illnesses are accompanied by emotional, cognitive, and motivational aspects that are not attributable to the lower mammal species being studied (Lezak et al., 2017).”
  • Acoustic startle is a measurable flinch to a delivered white noise whose amplitude can be quantified in units of force and is hypothesized to reflect the state of alertness associated with increased anxiety.

    “Acoustic startle is a measurable “flinch” to a delivered white noise, that has an amplitude that can be quantified in units of force, and is hypothesized to reflect the state of alertness associated with increased anxiety (Lezak et al., 2017).”
  • Pairing an aversive unconditioned stimulus with a neutral conditioned stimulus can elicit fear responses to the conditioned stimulus in the absence of the footshock on re-exposure to the conditioned stimulus.

    “For example, pairing an aversive unconditioned stimuli, such as a footshock, with a tone/sound, light, or a context/environment (neutral conditioned stimuli) can elicit fear responses to the conditioned stimuli in the absence of the footshock on re-exposure to the conditioned stimulus (Lezak et al., 2017).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [7]Walker DL. Davis M. Role of the extended amygdala in short-duration versus sustained fear: a tribute to Dr. Lennart Heimer. Brain Struct Funct. 2008 213 1-2 29 42 18528706
  2. [95]Moreau JL. Scherschlicht R. Jenck F. Martin JR. Chronic mild stressinduced anhedonia model of depression; sleep abnormalities and curative effects of electroshock treatment. Behav Pharmacol. 1995 6 7 682 687 11224370

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Authors
Lezak, K. R., Missig, G., & Carlezon Jr, W. A.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
Venue
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Published
2017-06-30
Volume
19
Issue
2
Pages
181-191
ISSN
  • 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1958-5969
OpenAlex
W2984369896
Cited by
290
References
100
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1
FWCI
10.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01mh063266-25)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH063266)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
anxiety, stress, anxiety-related disorders, stress responsiveness, translational research, behavioral tests
MeSH terms
Animals, Anxiety Disorders, Behavior, Animal, Disease Models, Animal, Biomedical Research, Mice, Rats, Translational Research, Biomedical

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