Cited by 211Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsMitochondrial Function and PathologyNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Synaptic Transmission Failure in Alzheimer’s Disease

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Guo, Lan, Tian, Jing, Du, Heng·2017·Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, in which multiple risk factors converge. Despite the complexity of the etiology of the disease, synaptic failure is the pathological basis of cognitive impairment, the cardinal sign of AD. Decreased synaptic density, compromised synaptic transmission, and defected synaptic plasticity are hallmark synaptic pathologies accompanying AD. However, the mechanisms by which synapses are injured in AD-related conditions have not been fully elucidated. Mitochondria are a critical organelle in neurons. The pivotal role of mitochondria in supporting synaptic function and the concomitant occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction with synaptic stress in postmortem AD brains as well as AD animal models seem to lend the credibility to the hypothesis that mitochondrial defects underlie synaptic failure in AD. This concept is further strengthened by the protective effect of mitochondrial medicine on synaptic function against the toxicity of amyloid-β, a key player in the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we focus on the association between mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic transmission deficits in AD. Impaired mitochondrial energy production, deregulated mitochondrial calcium handling, excess mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and release play a crucial role in mediating synaptic transmission deregulation in AD. The understanding of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in synaptic stress may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD through the protection of synaptic transmission by targeting to mitochondrial deficits.

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Authors
Guo, L., Tian, J., & Du, H.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
  • Shandong University (CN)
Corresponding author
Du, Heng
Venue
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease
Published
2016-09-20
Volume
57
Issue
4
Pages
1071-1086
ISSN
  • 1387-2877 (ISSN-L)
  • 1875-8908
OpenAlex
W2522744939
Cited by
211
References
243
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2
FWCI
0.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Alzheimer s Disease (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (R00AG037716, R01AG053588)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, mitochondrial dysfunction
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Humans, Mitochondria, Synaptic Transmission, Mitochondrial Diseases

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