The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Live Biotherapeutic Products, A Road Map for Safety Assessment
Open accessAbstract
Recent developments in the understanding of the relationship between the microbiota and its host have provided evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of selected microorganisms to prevent or treat disease. According to Directive 2001/83/EC, in the European Union (EU), any product intended to prevent or treat disease is defined as a medicinal product and requires a marketing authorization by competent authorities prior to commercialization. Even if the pharmaceutical regulatory framework is harmonized at the EU level, obtaining marketing authorisations for medicinal products remains very challenging for Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs). Compared to other medicinal products currently on the market, safety assessment of LBPs represents a real challenge because of their specific characteristics and mode of action. Indeed, LBPs are not intended to reach the systemic circulation targeting distant organs, tissues, or receptors, but rather exert their effect through direct interactions with the complex native microbiota and/or the modulation of complex host-microbiota relation, indirectly leading to distant biological effects within the host. Hence, developers must rely on a thorough risk analysis, and pharmaceutical guidelines for other biological products should be taken into account in order to design relevant non-clinical and clinical development programmes. Here we aim at providing a roadmap for a risk analysis that takes into account the specificities of LBPs. We describe the different risks associated with these products and their interactions with the patient. Then, from that risk assessment, we propose solutions to design non-clinical programmes and First in Human (FIH) early clinical trials appropriate to assess LBP safety.
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“Regulatory requirements for the characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes (AMR) in probiotics and biopharmaceuticals are set out in regulatory documents from regulatory bodies such as the EFSA, FDA, and FAO/WHO [34,124,125].”
From Current Concepts in Probiotic Safety and Efficacy (2026) · cites this paper as [125]
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“This is important because while the safety standard for dietary supplements requires that they will reasonably expected to be safe under the labeled conditions of use, they do not need to be established as safe for more vulnerable patient populations.9”
From Emerging issues in probiotic safety: 2023 perspectives (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Rouanet, A., Bolca, S., Bru, A., Claes, I., Cvejic, H., Girgis, H., Harper, A., Lavergne, S. N., Mathys, S., Pane, M., Pot, B., Shortt, C., Alkema, W., Bezulowsky, C., Blanquet-Diot, S., Chassard, C., Claus, S. P., Hadida, B., Hemmingsen, C., Jeune, C., Lindman, B., Midzi, G., Mogna, L., Movitz, C., Nasir, N., Oberreither, M., Seegers, J. F. M. L., Sterkman, L., Valo, A., Vieville, F., & Cordaillat-Simmons, M.
- Affiliations
- Lallemand (France) (FR)
- Protexin (GB)
- Institut Mérieux (France) (FR)
- Probiotical (Italy) (IT)
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Johnson & Johnson (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Nederlands Instituut Voor Zuivel Oonderzoek (NL)
- Ipsen (France) (FR)
- Université Clermont Auvergne (FR)
- Chr. Hansen (Denmark) (DK)
- PiLeJe (France) (FR)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2020-06-19
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 237-237
- ISSN
- 2296-858X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7319051
- OpenAlex
- W3036229416
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 8.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural safety and regulations
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Issues, ethics and legal aspects › Biomedical Ethics and Regulation
- Keywords
- live biotherapeutic products, safety assessment, risk analysis, host-microbiota interactions, microbiota-based therapy, drug approval, regulatory framework
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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