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Mechanistic Basis of Antimicrobial Actions of Silver Nanoparticles

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Dakal, Tikam Chand, Kumar, Anu, Majumdar, Rita S., Yadav, Vinod·2016·Frontiers in Microbiology
DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01831
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Abstract

Multidrug resistance of the pathogenic microorganisms to the antimicrobial drugs has become a major impediment toward successful diagnosis and management of infectious diseases. Recent advancements in nanotechnology-based medicines have opened new horizons for combating multidrug resistance in microorganisms. In particular, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a potent antibacterial agent has received much attention. The most critical physico-chemical parameters that affect the antimicrobial potential of AgNPs include size, shape, surface charge, concentration and colloidal state. AgNPs exhibits their antimicrobial potential through multifaceted mechanisms. AgNPs adhesion to microbial cells, penetration inside the cells, ROS and free radical generation, and modulation of microbial signal transduction pathways have been recognized as the most prominent modes of antimicrobial action. On the other side, AgNPs exposure to human cells induces cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and inflammatory response in human cells in a cell-type dependent manner. This has raised concerns regarding use of AgNPs in therapeutics and drug delivery. We have summarized the emerging endeavors that address current challenges in relation to safe use of AgNPs in therapeutics and drug delivery platforms. Based on research done so far, we believe that AgNPs can be engineered so as to increase their efficacy, stability, specificity, biosafety and biocompatibility. In this regard, three perspectives research directions have been suggested that include (1) synthesizing AgNPs with controlled physico-chemical properties, (2) examining microbial development of resistance toward AgNPs, and (3) ascertaining the susceptibility of cytoxicity, genotoxicity, and inflammatory response to human cells upon AgNPs exposure.

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Cited by

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Metadata

Authors
Dakal, T. C., Kumar, A., Majumdar, R. S., & Yadav, V.
Venue
Frontiers in Microbiology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2016-11-16
Volume
7
Pages
1831-1831
ISSN
1664-302X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2016.01831
OpenAlex
W2549644565
Cited by
2,135
References
4
FWCI
38.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Mechanistic Basis of Antimicrobial Actions of Silver Nanoparticles. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01831
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Dakal, T. C., Kumar, A., Majumdar, R. S., & Yadav, V. (2016). Mechanistic Basis of Antimicrobial Actions of Silver Nanoparticles. Frontiers in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01831

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