The impact of auditory working memory training on the fronto-parietal working memory network
Open accessAbstract
Working memory training has been widely used to investigate working memory processes. We have shown previously that visual working memory benefits only from intra-modal visual but not from across-modal auditory working memory training. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study we examined whether auditory working memory processes can also be trained specifically and which training-induced activation changes accompany theses effects. It was investigated whether working memory training with strongly distinct auditory materials transfers exclusively to an auditory (intra-modal) working memory task or whether it generalizes to a (across-modal) visual working memory task. We used adaptive n-back training with tonal sequences and a passive control condition. The memory training led to a reliable training gain. Transfer effects were found for the (intra-modal) auditory but not for the (across-modal) visual transfer task. Training-induced activation decreases in the auditory transfer task were found in two regions in the right inferior frontal gyrus. These effects confirm our previous findings in the visual modality and extents intra-modal effects in the prefrontal cortex to the auditory modality. As the right inferior frontal gyrus is frequently found in maintaining modality-specific auditory information, these results might reflect increased neural efficiency in auditory working memory processes. Furthermore, task-unspecific (amodal) activation decreases in the visual and auditory transfer task were found in the right inferior parietal lobule and the superior portion of the right middle frontal gyrus reflecting less demand on general attentional control processes. These data are in good agreement with amodal activation decreases within the same brain regions on a visual transfer task reported previously.
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Decreased activation in L-AG and R-IPL may reflect changes in task representations and reduced reliance on parietal engagement.
“Decreased activation in the L–AG and R–IPL—parietal regions implicated in information maintenance and manipulation—may reflect changes in task representations and reduced reliance on parietal engagement56,67, consistent with their correlated changes and prior evidence for coupling between default-mode and frontoparietal control systems.”
From Meta-analysis of computerised working memory training: behavioural gains, training parameters, transfer mechanisms, and neural correlates (2026) · cites this paper as [67]
The Results (Brain imaging results; page unavailable) report decreased activation in the right inferior parietal lobule after auditory working-memory training. The Discussion (fMRI results; page unavailable) interprets this as reduced demand on attentional control, supporting the reduced-parietal-engagement interpretation. The paper does not establish the same decrease in the left angular gyrus or attribute these decreases to changed task representations. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredReduced activation in SFG and R-MFG may indicate diminished control demands with training or shifts in processing mode.
“Similarly, reduced activation in the SFG and R–MFG—prefrontal nodes involved in sustained attention, updating, and interference control—may indicate diminished control demands with training or shifts in processing mode67,75,76.”
From Meta-analysis of computerised working memory training: behavioural gains, training parameters, transfer mechanisms, and neural correlates (2026) · cites this paper as [67]
The Discussion (fMRI results; page unavailable) links reduced activation in the superior portion of the right middle frontal gyrus to more efficient processing and less demand on attentional control. It does not report a corresponding decrease in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and it describes strategic changes in processing after working-memory training as unlikely. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Schneiders, J. A., Opitz, B., Tang, H., Deng, Y., Xie, C., Li, H., & Mecklinger, A.
- Affiliations
- Saarland University (DE)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Southwest University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Schneiders, Julia A.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 173-173
- ISSN
- 1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3373207
- OpenAlex
- W2163263397
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 9.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Repository of Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (IRTG 1457)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- auditory working memory, working memory training, cross-modal transfer, n-back task, tonal sequences, right inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, middle frontal gyrus, frontoparietal network, neural efficiency, attentional control
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