Reduced predictable information in brain signals in autism spectrum disorder
Open accessAbstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common developmental disorder characterized by communication difficulties and impaired social interaction. Recent results suggest altered brain dynamics as a potential cause of symptoms in ASD. Here, we aim to describe potential information-processing consequences of these alterations by measuring active information storage (AIS)-a key quantity in the theory of distributed computation in biological networks. AIS is defined as the mutual information between the past state of a process and its next measurement. It measures the amount of stored information that is used for computation of the next time step of a process. AIS is high for rich but predictable dynamics. We recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals in 10 ASD patients and 14 matched control subjects in a visual task. After a beamformer source analysis, 12 task-relevant sources were obtained. For these sources, stationary baseline activity was analyzed using AIS. Our results showed a decrease of AIS values in the hippocampus of ASD patients in comparison with controls, meaning that brain signals in ASD were either less predictable, reduced in their dynamic richness or both. Our study suggests the usefulness of AIS to detect an abnormal type of dynamics in ASD. The observed changes in AIS are compatible with Bayesian theories of reduced use or precision of priors in ASD.
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Much of the phenomenology of autism has been cast in terms of false inference resulting from a loss of prior precision relative to sensory precision.
“Recently, much of the phenomenology of autism has been cast in terms of false inference that results from a loss of prior precision, relative to sensory precision [74,76,77].”
From Active interoceptive inference and the emotional brain (2016) · cites this paper as [77]
Autism spectrum disorder showed reduced active information storage in the hippocampus compared to healthy controls.
“In addition, ASD showed reduced active information storage (i.e., information that is actively maintained in the brain, ready to be used (Wibral et al., 2014; Zipser et al., 1993) in the hippocampus compared to HC (G ´ omez et al., 2014).”
From Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review. (2025) · cites this paper as Gómez et al., 2014
In an MEG study, individuals with autism spectrum disorder showed reduced active information storage in the hippocampus compared with typically developing individuals.
“analysis of the active information storage (AIS), defined as mutual information in successive time points in a signal, found reduced AIS in the hippocampus in individuals with ASD compared with TD (Gomez et al., 2014)”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Gomez et al., 2014
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Self-citationIs functional brain connectivity atypical in autism? A systematic review of EEG and MEG studies
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How critical is brain criticality?
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Efficient Transfer Entropy Analysis of Non-Stationary Neural Time Series
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Self-citationBits from Brains for Biologically Inspired Computing
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10 years of Bayesian theories of autism: A comprehensive review
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Self-citationInformative and misinformative interactions in a school of fish
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Self-citationDeep Predictive Coding Network for Object RecognitionPreprint
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Multi-Dimensional Dynamics of Human Electromagnetic Brain Activity
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Individual differences in the effects of priors on perception: A multi-paradigm approach
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Breakdown of local information processing may underlie isoflurane anesthesia effects
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Self-citationInformation-Theoretic Evidence for Predictive Coding in the Face-Processing System
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Self-citationInteroceptive technologies for psychiatric interventions: From diagnosis to clinical applications
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Rapid Eye Movements in Sleep Furnish a Unique Probe Into Consciousness
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Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review.
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“In addition, ASD showed reduced active information storage (i.e., information that is actively maintained in the brain, ready to be used (Wibral et al., 2014; Zipser et al., 1993) in the hippocampus compared to HC (G ´ omez et al., 2014).”
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Self-citationCharacterizing information-theoretic storage and transfer in continuous time processes
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Self-citationInformation Theory to Probe Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate Dynamics
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Quantifying the Predictability of Visual Scanpaths Using Active Information Storage
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Overly Regulated Thinking and Autism Revisited
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Individual-level functional connectivity predicts cognitive control efficiency
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How to measure local active information storage in neural systems
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Information Theoretical Approaches
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- Authors
- Gómez, C., Lizier, J. T., Schaum, M., Wollstadt, P., Grützner, C., Uhlhaas, P., Freitag, C. M., Schlitt, S., Bölte, S., Hornero, R., & Wibral, M.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Valladolid (ES)
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Wibral, Michael
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroinformatics
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 9-9
- ISSN
- 1662-5196 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3924322
- OpenAlex
- W1994848060
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 5.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroinformatics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (TEC2011-22987)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, predictability, brain dynamics, hippocampus, mutual information, distributed computing, prior distributions, magnetoencephalography
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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