Adult hippocampal neurogenesis inversely correlates with microglia in conditions of voluntary running and aging
Open accessAbstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis results in the formation of new neurons and is a process of brain plasticity involved in learning and memory. The proliferation of adult neural stem or progenitor cells is regulated by several extrinsic factors such as experience, disease or aging and intrinsic factors originating from the neurogenic niche. Microglia is very abundant in the dentate gyrus (DG) and increasing evidence indicates that these cells mediate the inflammation-induced reduction in neurogenesis. However, the role of microglia in neurogenesis in physiological conditions remains poorly understood. In this study, we monitored microglia and the proliferation of adult hippocampal stem/progenitor cells in physiological conditions known to increase or decrease adult neurogenesis, voluntary running and aging respectively. We found that the number of microglia in the DG was strongly inversely correlated with the number of stem/progenitor cells and cell proliferation in the granule cell layer. Accordingly, co-cultures of decreasing neural progenitor/glia ratio showed that microglia but not astroglia reduced the number of progenitor cells. Together, these results suggest that microglia inhibits the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells despite the absence of inflammatory stimulus.
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Aging is associated with an increase, rather than a decrease, in microglial population.
“On the contrary, aging has also been associated with an increase, rather than a decrease, in microglial population (Gebara et al, 2013;Mouton et al, 2002;Tremblay et al, 2012).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Aerobic exercise in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation (Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Exercise was shown to prevent age-associated increase in microglia proliferation.
“Exercise was also shown to prevent age-associated increase in microglia proliferation (Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Aerobic exercise in humans is associated with improved learning and memory.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Aerobic exercise in humans is associated with enhanced neurogenesis.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Aerobic exercise in humans is associated with dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Aerobic exercise in humans is associated with increased hippocampal BDNF.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Voluntary running in rodents is associated with improved learning and memory.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Voluntary running in rodents is associated with increased hippocampal BDNF.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
Voluntary running in rodents is associated with dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation.
“Clinical and animal reports show that aerobic exercise (right) in humans and voluntary running in rodents is associated with enhanced neurogenesis, improved learning and memory, increased hippocampal BDNF, and dampened inflammatory response to immune challenge and microglia proliferation(Barrientos et al, 2011;Colcombe et al, 2003;Gebara et al, 2013).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Gebara et al, 2013
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- Authors
- Gebara, E., Sultan, S., Kocher-Braissant, J., & Toni, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Toni, Nicolas
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 145-145
- ISSN
- 1662-453X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3747329
- OpenAlex
- W2074643664
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 5.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Fondation Leenaards
- Université de Lausanne
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- adult hippocampal neurogenesis, microglia, neural stem/progenitor cells, voluntary running, aging, dentate gyrus, granular layer, cell proliferation, astrocyte-microglia interaction, neurogenic niche, neuroinflammation, neuroplasticity
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