Corticotropin-releasing factor-related peptides, serotonergic systems, and emotional behavior

Fox, James H.; Lowry, Christopher A.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00169

Cited by 93Neuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyStress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Corticotropin-releasing factor-related peptides, serotonergic systems, and emotional behavior

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Fox, James H., Lowry, Christopher A.·2013·Frontiers in Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/fnins.2013.00169PMC PMC3778254

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Abstract

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a 41-amino acid neuropeptide that is involved in stress-related physiology and behavior, including control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Members of the CRF family of neuropeptides, including urocortin 1 (UCN 1), UCN 2, and UCN 3, bind to the G protein-coupled receptors, CRF type 1 (CRF1) and CRF2 receptors. In addition, CRF binding protein (CRFBP) binds both CRF and UCN 1 and can modulate their activities. There are multiple mechanisms through which CRF-related peptides may influence emotional behavior, one of which is through altering the activity of brainstem neuromodulatory systems, including serotonergic systems. CRF and CRF-related peptides act within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR), the major source for serotonin (5-HT) in the brain, to alter the neuronal activity of specific subsets of serotonergic neurons and to influence stress-related behavior. CRF-containing axonal fibers innervate the DR in a topographically organized manner, which may contribute to the ability of CRF to alter the activity of specific subsets of serotonergic neurons. CRF and CRF-related peptides can either increase or decrease serotonergic neuronal firing rates and serotonin release, depending on their concentrations and on the specific CRF receptor subtype(s) involved. This review aims to describe the interactions between CRF-related peptides and serotonergic systems, the consequences for stress-related behavior, and implications for vulnerability to anxiety and affective disorders.

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When acute stress reactions become more frequent, it can lead to development of stress-related disorders, including anxiety and depression.
“However, when acute stress reactions become more frequent, it can lead to the development of stress-related disorders, including anxiety and depression (for review, see [329,339]).”
From Anxiety, depression, and the microbiome: A role for gut peptides (2018) · cites this paper as [339]

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“For example, anxiety and fear are restrained unless the situation dictates the appropriateness of these emotions or in terms of psychopathology, these systems are no longer in concert to restrain anxiety and fear in inappropriate situations (Hammack et al., 2009).”
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Uncontrollable, But Not Controllable, Stress Desensitizes 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>Receptors in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus
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Corticotropin-releasing factor in the dorsal raphe elicits temporally distinct serotonergic responses in the limbic system in relation to fear behavior
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Conditioned release of 5-hydroxytryptamine in vivo in the nucleus accumbens following isolation-rearing in the rat
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Perifornical Urocortin-3 mediates the link between stress-induced anxiety and energy homeostasis
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5-hydroxytryptamine1a-likereceptor activation in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: Electrophysiological and behavioral studies
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Dissociated roles for the lateral and medial septum in elemental and contextual fear conditioningPreprint
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VIP-like immunoreactive projections from the dorsal raphe and caudal linear raphe nuclei to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis demonstrated by a double immunohistochemical method in the rat
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Authors: Fox, J. H., & Lowry, C. A.
Affiliations: University of Colorado Boulder (US)
Corresponding author: Fox, James H.
ORCID: Lowry, Christopher A.
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2013
Volume: 7
Pages: 169-169
ISSN: 1662-453X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00169
PMC: PMC3778254
OpenAlex: W2020839318
Cited by: 93
References: 187
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 18
FWCI: 1.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: National Science Foundation (0845550, CAREER, 0921969)
National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH075968, R01MH086539, R01MH065702)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA019921)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: corticotropin-releasing factor, urocortin 1, urocortin 2, urocortin 3, CRF-binding protein, CRF1 receptor, CRF2 receptor, serotonergic system, dorsal raphe nucleus, serotonin release, stress behavior, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, anxiety vulnerability, mood disorders

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Corticotropin-releasing factor-related peptides, serotonergic systems, and emotional behavior

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