High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Markers of Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Individuals With Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Open accessAbstract
Background: The excess body fat characteristic of obesity is related to various metabolic alterations, which includes insulin resistance. Among the non-pharmacological measures used to improve insulin sensitivity are aerobic physical training, such as high intensity interval training (HIIT). This study investigated the effects of 8 weeks of HIIT on blood and skeletal muscle markers related to insulin resistance (IR) and oxidative metabolism in physically inactive individuals with obesity and compared the changes between insulin resistant and non-insulin resistant phenotypes. Methods: Nine non-insulin (OB) and eight insulin-resistant (OBR) volunteers with obesity completed 8 weeks of HIIT in a cycle ergometer. Venous blood and vastus lateralis muscle samples were obtained before and after the HIIT. Body composition and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were estimated before and after HIIT. Results: HIIT reduced IR assessed by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in OBR (4.4 ± 1.4 versus 4.1 ± 2.2 (mmol) (μU)/l2), but not in OB (HOMA-IR 1.8 ± 0.5 versus 2.3 ± 1.0 (mmol) (μU)/l2) volunteers. HIIT increased VO2peak with no change in body fat in both groups. In skeletal muscle, HIIT increased the phosphorylation of IRS (Tyr612), Akt (Ser473), and increased protein content of β-HAD and COX-IV in both groups. There was a reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation in OBR after HIIT. Conclusion: Eight weeks of HIIT improved markers of the insulin signaling pathway and increased the content of proteins related to oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of individuals with obesity, independent of changes in insulin resistance or total body fat.
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In subjects with diabetes or obesity, exercise increases insulin sensitivity independently of changes in body fat with nutritional interventions.
“In subjects with diabetes or obesity, exercise is the cornerstone of therapeutic interventions. It increases insulin sensitivity independently of changes in body fat with nutritional interventions”
From Effects of diet, lifestyle, Chrononutrition and alternative dietary interventions on postprandial Glycemia and insulin resistance (2022) · cites this paper as [238]
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“The exercise protocols were adapted from previous research (Matos et al. 2018).”
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- Authors
- Matos, M. A. D., Vieira, D. V., Pinhal, K. C., Lopes, J. F., Dias-Peixoto, M. F., Pauli, J. R., Castro Magalhães, F. D., Little, J. P., Rocha-Vieira, E., & Amorim, F. T.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (BR)
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of New Mexico (US)
- Corresponding author
- Amorim, Fabiano Trigueiro
- Venue
- Frontiers in Physiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-10-31
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 1451-1451
- ISSN
- 1664-042X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6220130
- OpenAlex
- W2899432037
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 9.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (447007/2014-9)
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (APQ-01915-13, APQ-03058-16)
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PNPD-2455/2011)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- high-intensity interval training, obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative metabolism, skeletal muscle, insulin signaling pathway, Akt phosphorylation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV, peak oxygen uptake, HOMA-IR
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