Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of very high intensity sprint interval training (SIT) on metabolic and vascular risk factors in overweight/obese sedentary men. Ten men (age, 32.1 ± 8.7 years; body mass index, 31.0 ± 3.7 kg m(-2)) participated. After baseline metabolic, anthropometric, and fitness measurements, participants completed a 2-week SIT intervention, comprising 6 sessions of 4 to 6 repeats of 30-second Wingate anaerobic sprints on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer, with 4.5-minute recovery between each repetition. Metabolic, anthropometric, and fitness assessments were repeated post-intervention. Both maximal oxygen uptake (2.98 ± 0.15 vs 3.23 ± 0.14 L min(-1), P = .013) and mean Wingate power (579 ± 24 vs 600 ± 19 W, P = .040) significantly increased after 2 weeks of SIT. Insulin sensitivity index (5.35 ± 0.72 vs 4.34 ± 0.72, P = .027) and resting fat oxidation rate in the fasted state (0.13 ± 0.01 vs 0.11 ± 0.01 g min(-1), P = .019) were significantly higher and systolic blood pressure (121 ± 3 vs 127 ± 3 mm Hg, P = .020) and resting carbohydrate oxidation in the fasted state (0.03 ± 0.01 vs 0.08 ± 0.02 g min(-1), P = .037) were significantly lower 24 hours post-intervention compared with baseline, but these changes were no longer significant 72 hours post-intervention. Significant decreases in waist (98.9 ± 3.1 vs 101.3 ± 2.7 cm, P = .004) and hip (109.8 ± 2.2 vs 110.9 ± 2.2 cm, P = .017) circumferences compared with baseline were also observed after the intervention. Thus, 2 weeks of SIT substantially improved a number of metabolic and vascular risk factors in overweight/obese sedentary men, highlighting the potential for this to provide an alternative exercise model for the improvement of vascular and metabolic health in this population.
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High levels of glycogen depletion during repeated 30-second Wingate sprints may play an important role in mediating improvements in insulin sensitivity following high-intensity interval training.
“We (Babraj et al. 2009) and others (Whyte et al. 2010) have suggested that high levels of glycogen depletion observed during repeated 30-second Wingate sprints may play an important role in mediating improvements in insulin sensitivity following HIT.”
From Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (2012) · cites this paper as Whyte et al. 2010
The magnitude of the increase in insulin sensitivity in men following REHIT is comparable to responses to 2 weeks of classic HIT in recreationally active men and women and in obese men.
“The magnitude of this change is comparable with responses to 2 weeks of classic HIT in recreationally active men and women (Babraj et al. 2009;Richards et al. 2010) and in obese men (Whyte et al. 2010).”
From Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (2012) · cites this paper as Whyte et al. 2010
SIT has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity.
“SIT has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, based on hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps performed on sedentary and recreationally active individuals [2] as well as oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) performed on young healthy [4] and overweight/obese [13] men.”
From Three minutes of all-out intermittent exercise per week increases skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and improves cardiometabolic health (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
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Fatness and fluctuating body weight: effect on central vasculature
Zeigler, Z. S., Birchfield, N., Moreno, K., James, D., & Swan, P. (2018) · BioResearch Open Access · doi:10.1089/biores.2017.0044 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
- Authors
- Whyte, L. J., Gill, J. M. R., & Cathcart, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gill, Jason M.R.
- ORCID
- Gill, Jason M.R.
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1421-1428
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1980780765
- Cited by
- 424
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 67.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- sprint interval training, overweight, obesity, sedentary men, metabolic risk factors, vascular risk factors, insulin sensitivity, fat oxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, VO2max, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, short-term exercise intervention, fat-free mass, fat mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, fat-free mass index, body composition
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Energy Metabolism, Exercise Therapy, Health Status, Humans, Insulin, Male, Obesity, Running, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Overweight, Athletic Performance, Young Adult, Sedentary Behavior
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