Ex Vivo Tools and Models in MASLD Research
Open accessAbstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) presents a growing global health challenge with limited therapeutic choices. This review delves into the array of ex vivo tools and models utilized in MASLD research, encompassing liver-on-a-chip (LoC) systems, organoid-derived tissue-like structures, and human precision-cut liver slice (PCLS) systems. Given the urgent need to comprehend MASLD pathophysiology and identify novel therapeutic targets, this paper aims to shed light on the pivotal role of advanced ex vivo models in enhancing disease understanding and facilitating the development of potential therapies. Despite challenges posed by the elusive disease mechanism, these innovative methodologies offer promise in reducing the utilization of in vivo models for MASLD research while accelerating drug discovery and biomarker identification, thereby addressing critical unmet clinical needs.
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For tasks related to disease progression (inflammation, fibrosis), as well as for rigorous studies of drug metabolism and toxicity, HepG2 should be used with caution, preferably as part of more complex systems (co-cultures, 3D platforms) or in combination with alternative models (HepaRG, primary hepatocytes).
“For tasks related to disease progression (inflammation, fibrosis), as well as for rigorous studies of drug metabolism and toxicity, HepG2 should be used with caution, preferably as part of more complex systems (co-cultures, 3D platforms) or in combination with alternative models (HepaRG, primary hepatocytes) [158,159,160,161].”
From The HepG2 Cell Line as a Model for Studying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (2026) · cites this paper as [159]
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HISTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF PRECISION-CUT LIVER SLICES
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Advancements in MAFLD Modeling with Human Cell and Organoid Models
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Investigating fibrosis and inflammation in an ex vivo NASH murine model
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Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 117 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
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- Authors
- Velliou, R.-I., Giannousi, E., Ralliou, C., Kassi, E., & Chatzigeorgiou, A.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Chatzigeorgiou, Antonios
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-11-05
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 1827
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11592755
- OpenAlex
- W4404059274
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 6
- FWCI
- 0.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Hellenic Foundation for Research & Innovation (HFRI) (3222, 16255)
- Hellenic Association for the Study of the Liver (HASL) (3222, 16255)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, ex vivo model, liver-on-a-chip, organoids, precision-cut liver slices, disease pathophysiology, therapeutic target, drug discovery, biomarker discovery, alternative to animal models
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Fatty Liver, Humans, Liver, Models, Biological, Organoids, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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