Cited by 8493D Printing in Biomedical ResearchTissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineCancer Cells and Metastasis

Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures in Drug Discovery and Development

Open access
Fang, Ye, Eglen, Richard M.·2017·SLAS Discovery

Abstract

The past decades have witnessed significant efforts toward the development of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures as systems that better mimic in vivo physiology. Today, 3D cell cultures are emerging, not only as a new tool in early drug discovery but also as potential therapeutics to treat disease. In this review, we assess leading 3D cell culture technologies and their impact on drug discovery, including spheroids, organoids, scaffolds, hydrogels, organs-on-chips, and 3D bioprinting. We also discuss the implementation of these technologies in compound identification, screening, and development, ranging from disease modeling to assessment of efficacy and safety profiles.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/1087057117696795

Cites

146 of 146 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Conventional 2D cell monolayers and 3D cell culture models are unable to recapitulate the complex biochemical and biophysical factors of the tumor microenvironment in vivo because they lack the systemic nature of tumors, leading to weak predictive ability.

    “2D cell monolayers and three-dimensional cell culture models have been widely employed as initial screening models to provide a cost-efficient and simplified method to elucidate the mechanism of cancer biology or identify the efficacy and safety of a drug candidate14–16; however, they are unable to recapitulate complex biochemical and biophysical factors of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [103]Fang Y. Label-Free Chemical and Phenotypic Profiling of Living Cells. Sci. Lett. 2015, 4, 156.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Fang, Y., & Eglen, R. M.
Affiliations
Corning (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Eglen, Richard M.
Venue
SLAS Discovery
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-06
Volume
22
Issue
5
Pages
456-472
ISSN
2472-5552 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2607618862
Cited by
849
References
146
Citations by year
2026: 57 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 85 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 126 · 2020: 114 · 2019: 104 · 2018: 75 · 2017: 8
FWCI
6.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2021-10-01)
Open access
Locations
  • SLAS DISCOVERY (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Keywords
3D cell culture, drug discovery, spheroids, organoids, scaffolds, hydrogels, organ-on-a-chip, 3D bioprinting, disease modeling, compound screening
MeSH terms
Animals, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Humans, Cell Culture Techniques, Drug Discovery

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review