Inflammation and nutrition: friend or foe?
Open accessAbstract
The importance of the interplay between inflammation and nutrition has generated much interest in recent times. Inflammation has been identified as a key driver for disease-related malnutrition, leading to anorexia, reduced food intake, muscle catabolism, and insulin resistance, which are stimulating a catabolic state. Interesting recent data suggest that inflammation also modulates the response to nutritional treatment. Studies have demonstrated that patients with high inflammation show no response to nutritional interventions, while patients with lower levels of inflammation do. This may explain the contradictory results of nutritional trials to date. Several studies of heterogeneous patient populations, or in the critically ill or advanced cancer patients, have not found significant benefits on clinical outcome. Vice versa, several dietary patterns and nutrients with pro- or anti-inflammatory properties have been identified, demonstrating that nutrition influences inflammation. Within this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in both the role of inflammation in malnutrition and the effect of nutrition on inflammation.
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The confluence of reduced or altered dietary intake and inadequate nutrient availability is particularly pernicious when present with disease-related inflammation.
“Importantly, the confluence of either or both of these causes is particularly pernicious when present concomitantly with disease-related inflammation.”
From The Value of Integrating the Nutritional Ecology into the Nutrition Care Continuum—A Conceptual and Systems Approach (2025) · cites this paper as [4]
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- Authors
- Stumpf, F., Keller, B., Gressies, C., & Schuetz, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Hohenheim (DE)
- University of Basel (CH)
- Kantonsspital Aarau (CH)
- Medical University Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-02-25
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1159
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10005147
- OpenAlex
- W4322502894
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2026: 64 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 10
- FWCI
- 7.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P3_150531)
- Kantonsspital Aarau (1410.000.058, 1410.000.044)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Keywords
- inflammation, nutrition, disease-related malnutrition, anorexia, insulin resistance, muscle catabolism, dietary intervention, anti-inflammatory nutrients, critically ill patients, cancer patients
- MeSH terms
- Anorexia, Humans, Inflammation, Neoplasms, Nutritional Status, Malnutrition
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