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A ROWS is a ROSE: Spelling, sound, and reading
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“These stimuli are harder to reject as non-words in a lexical decision task (e.g., Goswami et al., 2001; Ziegler et al., 2001), generate more semantic categorization errors (e.g., Van Orden, 1987), and are more effective primes compared with carefully matched orthographic controls”
From A Dual-Route Approach to Orthographic Processing (2011) · cites this paper as Van Orden, 1987
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“Van Orden, G. C. (1987).”
BackgroundInfluentialHuman Brain Language Areas Identified by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Harm, M. W., & Seidenberg, M. S. (2004) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.111.3.662 · Cited by 1,219
“Following the method of Van Orden (1987), we measured the extent to which the foil inappropriately activated the relevant semantic features above and beyond the control.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSWIFT: a dynamical model of saccade generation during reading.
Engbert, R., Nuthmann, A., Richter, E., & Kliegl, R. (2005) · Psychology Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.112.4.777 · Cited by 1,114
“As an alternative explanation, Vitu et al. (2001) argued that the fixation-duration trade-off effect in two-fixation cases results from the fact that the IOVP effect is found for both first and second fixation durations, combined with the statistical fact that initial fixations near the center of a word (which tend to…”
BackgroundShare, D. L. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.4.584 · Cited by 1,022
Handbook of Research on Learning and Instruction
Mayer, R. E., & Alexander, P. A. (2011) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203839089 · Cited by 969
How Psychological Science Informs the Teaching of Reading
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The Nonword Reading Deficit in Developmental Dyslexia: A Review
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Reassessing working memory: Comment on Just and Carpenter (1992) and Waters and Caplan (1996).
MacDonald, M. C., & Christiansen, M. H. (2002) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.109.1.35 · Cited by 784
“Several different roles have been suggested for phonological codes during comprehension, including recognizing printed words (Van Orden, 1987) integrating information across saccades during reading (Pollatsek, Lesch, Morris, & Rayner, 1992), accessing or reinterpreting word meaning in sentence…”
BackgroundPhonological recoding and orthographic learning: a direct test of the self-teaching hypothesis
Share, D. L. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1006/jecp.1998.2481 · Cited by 742
Perry, C., Ziegler, J. C., & Zorzi, M. (2007) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.114.2.273 · Cited by 748
Recognition of Cognates and Interlingual Homographs: The Neglected Role of Phonology
Dijkstra, T., Jonathan Grainger, B., & van Heuven, W. J. B. (1999) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.1999.2654 · Cited by 696
Toward a strong phonological theory of visual word recognition: True issues and false trails.
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Lesioning an attractor network: Investigations of acquired dyslexia.
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The mechanism of suppression: A component of general comprehension skill.
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Word identification in reading and the promise of subsymbolic psycholinguistics.
Orden, G. C. V., Pennington, B. F., & Stone, G. O. (1990) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.97.4.488 · Cited by 561
Perfetti, C. A., Liu, Y., & Tan, L. H. (2005) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.112.1.43 · Cited by 514
“In their dynamic systems approach, Van Orden and Goldinger (1994) have also proposed this priority of phonology over meaning.”
BackgroundTowards a universal model of reading
Frost, R. (2012) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x11001841 · Cited by 509
A Dual-Route Approach to Orthographic Processing
Grainger, J., & Ziegler, J. C. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00054 · Cited by 459
“Van Orden, G. C. (1987).”
ResultInfluentialEffects of frequency on visual word recognition tasks: Where are they?
Monsell, S., Doyle, M. C., & Haggard, P. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.118.1.43 · Cited by 432
Cognate effects in picture naming: Does cross-language activation survive a change of script?
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Word identification in reading proceeds from spelling to sound to meaning.
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The confounded nature of angry men and happy women.
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Does reading develop in a sequence of stages?
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Becoming literate in different languages: similar problems, different solutions
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How cross-language similarity and task demands affect cognate recognition
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Neural systems of second language reading are shaped by native language
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“To assess this interaction in a more sensitive fashion using a continuous measure of cross-lingual similarity, we calculated the correlation between Van Orden’s (1987) orthographic similarity of translation equivalents (described above) and the size of the cognate effect by items.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDevelopmental Dyslexia: An Update on Genes, Brains, and Environments
Grigorenko, E. L. (2001) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00704 · Cited by 366
Perfetti, C. A., & Bell, L. (1991) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/0749-596x(91)90017-e · Cited by 357
Sunderman, G. L., & Kroll, J. (2006) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263106060177 · Cited by 296
Automatic (prelexical) phonetic activation in silent word reading: Evidence from backward masking
Perfetti, C. A., Bell, L. C., & Delaney, S. M. (1988) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/0749-596x(88)90048-4 · Cited by 340
Two decades of structure building
Gernsbacher, M. A. (1997) · Discourse Processes · doi:10.1080/01638539709544994 · Cited by 336
“For instance, reading the letter string rows can activate the phonological sequence fro::/, which can activate the word rose (van Orden, 1987; van Orden, Johnston & Hale, 1988).”
BackgroundFunctional Anatomy of Intra- and Cross-Modal Lexical Tasks
Booth, J. R., Burman, D. D., Meyer, J. R., Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., & Mesulam, M. M. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1081 · Cited by 325
Cracking the orthographic code: An introduction
Grainger, J. (2008) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690960701578013 · Cited by 263
Perfetti, C. A., & Tan, L. (1998) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.24.1.101 · Cited by 318
“Indeed, it is possible that in alphabetic systems, a phonological word form may be available before the complete specification of a graphemic representation (Lukatela & Turvey, 1994; van Orden, 1987 ).”
BackgroundSo Much to Read, So Little Time
Rayner, K., Schotter, E. R., Masson, M. E. J., Potter, M. C., & Rebecca Treiman, A. (2016) · Gothic.net · doi:10.1177/1529100615623267 · Cited by 331
Effects of frequency on visual word recognition tasks: Where are they?
Monsell, S., Doyle, M. C., & Haggard, P. N. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.118.1.43 · Cited by 432
McClelland, J. L., & Chappell, M. C. (1998) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.105.4.734-760 · Cited by 321
A rose is a REEZ: The two-cycles model of phonology assembly in reading English.
Berent, I., & Perfetti, C. A. (1995) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.1.146 · Cited by 302
Interdependence of form and function in cognitive systems explains perception of printed words.
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Monitoring the Time Course of Phonological Encoding
Wheeldon, L. R., & Levelt, W. J. M. (1995) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.1995.1014 · Cited by 286
Chapter 13 Reading in English and Chinese: Evidence for a “Universal” Phonological Principle
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Sprenger-Charolles, L., Siegel, L. S., Béchennec, D., & Serniclaes, W. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0022-0965(03)00024-9 · Cited by 277
Phonology and Orthography in Visual Word Recognition: Evidence from Masked Non-Word Priming
Ferrand, L., & Jonathan Grainger, B. (1992) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/02724989208250619 · Cited by 276
Very early phonological activation in Chinese reading.
Perfetti, C. A., & Zhang, S. (1995) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.21.1.24 · Cited by 273
Novel second-language words and asymmetric lexical access
Escudero, P., Hayes‐Harb, R., & Holger Mitterer, A. (2008) · Journal of Phonetics · doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2007.11.002 · Cited by 266
Dynamic sensory sensitivity and children's word decoding skills
Talcott, J. B., Witton, C., McLean, M. F., Hansen, P., Rees, A., Green, G. G. R., & Stein, J. F. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.040546597 · Cited by 261
Lukatela, G., & Turvey, M. T. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.123.4.331 · Cited by 250
The Role of Orthographic Processing Skills on Five Different Reading Tasks
Barker, T. A., Torgesen, J. K., & Wagner, R. K. (1992) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.2307/747673 · Cited by 249
Native language influences on word recognition in a second language: A megastudy.
Lemhöfer, K., Dijkstra, T., Schriefers, H. J., Baayen, R. H., Jonathan Grainger, B., & Zwitserlood, P. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.34.1.12 · Cited by 242
Reading words in Spanish and English: Mapping orthography to phonology in two languages
Schwartz, A., Kroll, J. F., & Diaz, M. T. (2006) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690960500463920 · Cited by 242
Masked phonological priming effects in English: Are they real? Do they matter?
Rastle, K., & Brysbaert, M. (2006) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2006.01.002 · Cited by 234
“The major alternative to weak phonological theories of visual word recognition is offered by the group of ''strong phonological'' theorists (e.g., Drieghe & Brysbaert, 2002; Frost, 1998; Lukatela & Turvey, 1994a, 1994b; Van Orden, 1987).”
InfluentialSpelling-Sound Consistency and Regularity Effects in Word Naming
Jared, D. (2002) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.2001.2827 · Cited by 230
Identical Words are Read Differently in Different Languages
Ziegler, J. C., Perry, C., Jacobs, A. M., & Braun, M. (2001) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00370 · Cited by 228
Does Bilingualism Change Native-Language Reading?
Assche, E. V., Duyck, W., Hartsuiker, R. J., & Diependaele, K. (2009) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02389.x · Cited by 229
Domahs, F., Moeller, K., Huber, S., et al. (2010) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.05.007 · Cited by 228
Less Skilled Readers Have Less Efficient Suppression Mechanisms
Gernsbacher, M. A. (1993) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00567.x · Cited by 226
Foreign Subtitles Help but Native-Language Subtitles Harm Foreign Speech Perception
Holger Mitterer, A., & McQueen, J. M. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007785 · Cited by 224
“Why was this the case? Phonological knowledge is automatically retrieved during print exposure [27], so the Dutch subtitles provided phonological information that was inconsistent with the spoken English word forms.”
BackgroundHu, W., Lee, H. L., Zhang, Q., Liu, T., Geng, L., Seghier, M. L., Shakeshaft, C., Twomey, T., Green, D. W., Yang, Y., et al. (2010) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq106 · Cited by 219
“Prior investigation has shown that this task involves orthographic, semantic and phonological processing in both English (Van Orden, 1987) and Chinese (Tan and Perfetti, 1999; Perfetti et al., 2005).”
BackgroundSimos, P. G. (2000) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/10.8.809 · Cited by 216
“Although phonological analysis is by definition required for reading aloud and for performing phonological similarity judgements on pseudowords (such as DOFE and HOAF), it is also believed to be critically involved in silent reading of real words by skilled readers (Seidenberg and McClelland, 1989; Seidenberg et al.,…”
BackgroundThe Role of Phonological Processing in Early Reading Ability: What We Can Learn From Chinese
Hu, C., & Catts, H. W. (1998) · Scientific Studies of Reading · doi:10.1207/s1532799xssr0201_3 · Cited by 216
What do double dissociations prove?
Orden, G. C. V., Pennington, B. F., & Stone, G. O. (2001) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1016/s0364-0213(00)00036-7 · Cited by 221
“The data come from Van Orden et al. (1997b) and Pennington, Van Orden, Smith, Green, and Haith (1990).”
BackgroundInfluentialPhonological processes in reading Chinese characters.
Perfetti, C. A., & Zhang, S. (1991) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037//0278-7393.17.4.633 · Cited by 215
The influence of semantic constraints on bilingual word recognition during sentence reading
Assche, E. V., Drieghe, D., Duyck, W., Welvaert, M., & Hartsuiker, R. J. (2010) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2010.08.006 · Cited by 213
Reichle, E. D., Rayner, K., & Pollatsek, A. (1999) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00152-2 · Cited by 211
“This distinction between f and lc is consistent with several two-stage models of lexical access (e.g. Paap, Newsome, McDonald & Schvaneveldt, 1982; Van Orden, 1987), and it allows the model to decouple the signal to program a saccade from the signal to shift attention.”
MethodResultVisual word recognition in bilinguals: Evidence from masked phonological priming.
Brysbaert, M., Dyck, G. V., & de Poel, M. V. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037//0096-1523.25.1.137 · Cited by 209
Xu, B. (2001) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/11.3.267 · Cited by 210
Leinonen, S., Müller, K., Leppänen, P. H. T., Aro, M. T., Ahonen, T. P. S., & Lyytinen, H. (2001) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1023/a:1011117620895 · Cited by 217
“However, the normative sample read 27% of the pseudowords correctly, consequently tachistoscopic presentation and masking were not entirely successful in eliminating phonological processing which might have occurred at a rapid and highly automatized level (cf. Perfetti & Bell 1991; Van Orden 1987 ).”
BackgroundDoes word identification proceed from spelling to sound to meaning?
Jared, D., & Seidenberg, M. S. (1991) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.120.4.358 · Cited by 204
“Claims by Van Orden and his colleagues (Van Orden, 1987; Van Orden et al., 1988, 1990) about the broad use of phonology to activate meaning are open to question.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialGenes, Environment, and the Development of Orthographic Skills
Olson, R. K., Forsberg, H., & Wise, B. W. (1994) · Neuropsychology and cognition · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3492-9_2 · Cited by 199
Orthography to Phonology and Meaning: Comparisons Across and within Writing Systems
Perfetti, C. A., & Liu, Y. (2005) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1007/s11145-004-2344-y · Cited by 199
Strategic control of processing in word recognition.
Stone, G. O., & Orden, G. C. V. (1993) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.19.4.744 · Cited by 192
Orthographic processing: A ‘mid-level’ vision of reading: The 44th Sir Frederic Bartlett Lecture
Grainger, J. (2017) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470218.2017.1314515 · Cited by 199
Prelexical and postlexical strategies in reading: Evidence from a deep and a shallow orthography.
Frost, R. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037//0278-7393.20.1.116 · Cited by 182
From objects to names: A cognitive neuroscience approach
Humphreys, G. W., Price, C. J., & Riddoch, M. J. (1999) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s004260050046 · Cited by 182
“Word naming can operate non-semantically ( Van Orden, 1987 ) whilst object categorization demands access to semantic information but not to the names of objects (Potter & Faulconer, 1975).”
BackgroundPollatsek, A., Rebecca Treiman, A., Yap, M. J.-M., & Balota, D. A. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199324576.013.4 · Cited by 184
The relative time course of semantic and phonological activation in reading Chinese.
Zhou, X., & Marslen‐Wilson, W. D. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037//0278-7393.26.5.1245 · Cited by 180
Distributions of cognates in Europe as based on Levenshtein distance*
Schepens, J., Dijkstra, T., & Grootjen, F. (2011) · Bilingualism: Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728910000623 · Cited by 180
“The stimulus materials used in psycholinguistic studies are usually collected manually from databases and then rated with respect to orthographic, semantic, and phonological properties before the experiment takes place by bilinguals from the population that is later tested (Caramazza & Brones, 1979; Dijkstra et al., 1…”
InfluentialGoswami, U., Ziegler, J. C., Dalton, L., & Schneider, W. (2001) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.2001.2790 · Cited by 179
“That is, if phonology is a primary constraint during silent reading (e.g., Lukatela & Turvey, 1994; Peter & Turvey, 1994; Rayner, Sereno, Lesch, & Pollatsek, 1995; Van Orden, 1987; 1991; Ziegler & Jacobs, 1995), then it should be harder to reject PsHs like BRANE than controls like BRATE.”
BackgroundEvidence for multiple routes in learning to read
Jonathan Grainger, B., Lété, B., Bertand, D., Dufau, S., & Ziegler, J. C. (2012) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2012.01.003 · Cited by 165
Liu, Y., Perfetti, C. A., & Hart, L. A. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.29.6.1231 · Cited by 166
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“…activation (e.g., Lesch & Pollatsek, 1993; Lukatela, Frost, & Turvey, 1998; Perfetti, Bell, & Delaney, 1988; Taft & Van Graan, 1998; Van Orden, 1987; Van Orden, Johnston, & Hale, 1988; Van Orden et al., 1990), the one-to-many feedback relationships for homophones should then create…”
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Semantic preview benefit in eye movements during reading: A parafoveal fast-priming study.
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Tokowicz, N., Kroll, J., de Groot, A. D., & van Hell, J. V. (2002) · Behavoir research methods, instruments & computers · doi:10.3758/bf03195472 · Cited by 153
“Van Orden, G. C. (1987).”
MethodInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- van Orden, G. C.
- Venue
- Memory & Cognition
- Published
- 1987-05
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 181-198
- ISSN
- 0090-502X (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5946
- OpenAlex
- W2024245812
- Semantic Scholar
- afe2e2a23551f1d3d150105e4504bdcc9b421051
- Cited by
- 867
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 18.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Memory & Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Keywords
- homophones, visual word recognition, phonological features, spelling, reading, pattern masking, semantic classification, false positives, word recognition
- MeSH terms
- Female, Form Perception, Humans, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Phonetics, Reading, Semantics
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