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Cited by 73Nutrition, Health and Food BehaviorDietary Effects on HealthObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Physical activity is a confounding factor of the relation between eating frequency and body composition

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Duval, Karine, Strychar, Irene, Cyr, Marie-Josée, Prud'homme, Denis, Rabasa-Lhoret, Rémi, Doucet, Éric·2008·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26220
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that eating frequency (EF) is related to body composition in women, but the results are inconclusive. These inconsistent findings could be due to the influence of additional factors such as physical activity. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the relation between EF and body composition in premenopausal women and to explore the effect of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and physical fitness on that association. DESIGN: Eighty-five premenopausal women [x +/- SD age: 49.9 +/- 2.0 y; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 23.2 +/- 2.2] were studied at the onset of a prospective observational study. Seven-day food diaries were used to measure energy intake and EF. Body composition (measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), physical fitness (measured by the peak oxygen consumption), and PAEE (measured by using an accelerometer) were also measured. RESULTS: Mean EF was 4.6 +/- 0.9 eating occasions/d. A significant positive correlation was found between EF and energy intake (r = 0.31, P < 0.01). Moreover, EF was negatively correlated with body mass index (r = -0.25, P < 0.05), waist circumference (r = -0.32, P < 0.01), percentage body fat (r = -0.26, P < 0.05), and fat mass (r = -0.27, P < 0.05). The associations between adiposity and EF were no longer significant after correction for PAEE and peak oxygen consumption. CONCLUSION: The relation between EF and body composition could be mediated by PAEE and physical fitness.

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  • Of eighteen studies that examined eating frequency, fourteen found that eating frequency was associated with higher energy intake.

    “Of eighteen studies that examined eating frequency (including snacking frequency), fourteen found that eating frequency was associated with higher EI( 40 , 41 , 45 – 47 , 52 , 57 , 67 , 72 , 77 , 78 , 80 , 82 , 83 ).”

    From Understanding meal patterns: definitions, methodology and impact on nutrient intake and diet quality (2015) · cites this paper as [41]

  • Most meal or snack definitions include beverages alongside food, but not all studies explicitly considered a beverage-only occasion as a separate eating occasion.

    “while most meal or snack definitions include beverages alongside food, not all studies explicitly considered a beverage-only occasion as a separate EO( 40 , 41 , 67 , 72 , 78 , 82 ).”

    From Understanding meal patterns: definitions, methodology and impact on nutrient intake and diet quality (2015) · cites this paper as [41]

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Authors
Duval, K., Strychar, I., Cyr, M.-J., Prud'homme, D., Rabasa-Lhoret, R., & Doucet, É.
Affiliations
University of Ottawa (CA)
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-11
Volume
88
Issue
5
Pages
1200-1205
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3945/ajcn.2008.26220
OpenAlex
W1864409506
Cited by
73
References
44
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
FWCI
4.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords
meal frequency, body composition, physical activity, physical activity energy expenditure, physical fitness, peak oxygen uptake, premenopausal women, adiposity, energy intake, fat mass, waist circumference, confounding
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Anthropometry, Body Composition, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, Prospective Studies, Exercise, Diet Records, Body Mass Index, Premenopause, Statistics, Nonparametric

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