Vagus Nerve and Underlying Impact on the Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis in Behavior and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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SCFA: mechanisms and functional importance in the gut

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Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders

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GABA-modulating bacteria of the human gut microbiota

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Microbiota and neurodevelopmental windows: implications for brain disorders

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New evidences on the altered gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorders

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The anxiolytic effect of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 involves vagal pathways for gut-brain communication

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Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases: The prion concept in relation to assembled Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein

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Long-term Air Pollution Exposure Is Associated with Neuroinflammation, an Altered Innate Immune Response, Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Ultrafine Particulate Deposition, and Accumulation of Amyloid β-42 and α-Synuclein in Children and Young Adults

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A gut-brain neural circuit for nutrient sensory transduction

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Direct evidence of Parkinson pathology spread from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain in rats

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Enterochromaffin cells are gut chemosensors that couple to sensory neural pathways

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Gut Microbiota is Altered in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

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Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease medications have distinct signatures of the gut microbiome

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Mechanisms underlying microbial-mediated changes in social behavior in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder

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The enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal innervation: integrated local and central control

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A Neural Circuit for Gut-Induced Reward

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Brain-immune communication pathways

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Gut Microbe to Brain Signaling: What Happens in Vagus…

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Anti-inflammatory properties of the vagus nerve: potential therapeutic implications of vagus nerve stimulation

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Gut microbiota-brain axis

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Gut microbiota and dysbiosis in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for pathogenesis and treatment

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Brainstem circuits regulating gastric function

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Exposure to the functional bacterial amyloid protein curli enhances alpha-synuclein aggregation in aged Fischer 344 rats and Caenorhabditis elegans

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Analysis of endoscopic brush samples identified mucosa-associated dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

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Gastrointestinal hormones and food intake

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Activation in vagal afferents and central autonomic pathways: Early responses to intestinal infection with Campylobacter jejuni

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Immune–neural connections: how the immune system’s response to infectious agents influences behavior

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Don't worry ‘B’ happy!: a role for GABAB receptors in anxiety and depression

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The progress of gut microbiome research related to brain disorders

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Pathological α‐synuclein in gastrointestinal tissues from prodromal <scp>P</scp> arkinson disease patients

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Altered gut microbiota profile in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

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The vagus nerve in the neuro-immune axis: implications in the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract

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Accumulation of α-synuclein in the bowel of patients in the pre-clinical phase of Parkinson’s disease

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<i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> enhances excitability of colonic AH neurons by inhibiting calcium‐dependent potassium channel opening

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Enteroendocrine cells sense bacterial tryptophan catabolites to activate enteric and vagal neuronal pathways

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Environmental Particulate Matter Induces Murine Intestinal Inflammatory Responses and Alters the Gut Microbiome

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Vagal afferent responses to fatty acids of different chain length in the rat

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Evidence for bidirectional and trans-synaptic parasympathetic and sympathetic propagation of alpha-synuclein in rats

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Structural alterations of the intestinal epithelial barrier in Parkinson’s disease

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A Role for Neuronal Alpha-Synuclein in Gastrointestinal Immunity

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Ultrastructural demonstration of a gastric monosynaptic vagal circuit in the nucleus of the solitary tract in rat

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Tension and stretch receptors in gastrointestinal smooth muscle: re-evaluating vagal mechanoreceptor electrophysiology

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Effect of fecal microbiota transplant on symptoms of psychiatric disorders: a systematic review

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Reductions in anti-inflammatory gut bacteria are associated with depression in a sample of young adults

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Inflammation and α-Synuclein’s Prion-like Behavior in Parkinson's Disease—Is There a Link?

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α-Synuclein in gut endocrine cells and its implications for Parkinson’s disease

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Cytoplasmic ankyrin repeats of transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) dictate sensitivity to thermal and chemical stimuli

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Novel pathway for LPS-induced afferent vagus nerve activation: Possible role of nodose ganglion

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Parkinson’s disease from the gut

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Gut vagal sensory signaling regulates hippocampus function through multi-order pathways

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Bidirectional gut-to-brain and brain-to-gut propagation of synucleinopathy in non-human primates

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The gut microbiome regulates the increases in depressive-type behaviors and in inflammatory processes in the ventral hippocampus of stress vulnerable rats

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Emerging role of gut microbiota in modulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration with emphasis on Alzheimer's disease

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Central representation of visceral function.

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The extracellular vesicle of gut microbial Paenalcaligenes hominis is a risk factor for vagus nerve-mediated cognitive impairment

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The central organization of the vagus nerve innervating the colon of the rat

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Can a Bacterial Endotoxin be a Key Factor in the Kinetics of Amyloid Fibril Formation?

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Bacteroides fragilis polysaccharide A is necessary and sufficient for acute activation of intestinal sensory neurons

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Does Parkinson’s disease start in the gut?

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Therapeutic Potential of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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High-fat or high-sugar diets as trigger inflammation in the microbiota-gut-brain axis

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The Gut and Parkinson's Disease—A Bidirectional Pathway

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Evidences for vagus nerve in maintenance of immune balance and transmission of immune information from gut to brain in STM-infected rats

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Chronic exposure to Low dose bacterial lipopolysaccharide inhibits leptin signaling in vagal afferent neurons

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&lt;p&gt;Gut Microbiota Regulates Depression-Like Behavior in Rats Through the Neuroendocrine-Immune-Mitochondrial Pathway&lt;/p&gt;

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The alteration of gut microbiome and metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients

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The GABAB Receptor—Structure, Ligand Binding and Drug Development

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Lactobacillus reuteri ingestion and IKCa channel blockade have similar effects on rat colon motility and myenteric neurones

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Temporal evolution of the microbiome, immune system, and epigenome with disease progression in ALS mice

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Potential role of gut microbiota and tissue barriers in Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Increased Intestinal Permeability and Parkinson Disease Patients: Chicken or Egg?

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Subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation fails to block feeding-suppressive effects of LPS and IL-1 beta in rats

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Benzodiazepines and Related Sedatives

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Novel Molecular Biomarkers at the Blood-Brain Barrier in ALS

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What Is Our Understanding of the Influence of Gut Microbiota on the Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease?

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GABAB Receptor Signaling in the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus Stimulates Gastric Motility via a Cholinergic Pathway

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The Gut Microbiota Modulates Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: Elucidating Crucial Factors and Mechanistic Underpinnings

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The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Microbiota–Gut–Brain Cross-Talk with a Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

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The Power of Psychobiotics in Depression: A Modern Approach through the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: A Literature Review

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Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in anti-inflammatory therapy: mechanistic insights and future perspectives

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Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its effect on α-synuclein and prion protein misfolding: consequences for neurodegeneration

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The Impact of Maternal Gut Microbiota during Pregnancy on Fetal Gut–Brain Axis Development and Life-Long Health Outcomes

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Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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The microbiota-gut-brain axis in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory: current state and future challenges

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Rethinking Short-Chain Fatty Acids: A Closer Look at Propionate in Inflammation, Metabolism, and Mucosal Homeostasis

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Gut-microbiome-brain axis: the crosstalk between the vagus nerve, alpha-synuclein and the brain in Parkinson’s disease

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Major Depressive Disorder and Gut Microbiota: Role of Physical Exercise

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Endometriosis: recent advances that could accelerate diagnosis and improve care

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The Intriguing Connection Between the Gut and Lung Microbiomes

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Alleviating effect of vagus nerve cutting in Salmonella-induced gut infections and anxiety-like behavior via enhancing microbiota-derived GABA

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Mechanisms of inflammation after ischemic stroke in brain-peripheral crosstalk

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Systemic determinants of brain health in ageing

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Role of Microbiota-Derived Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Modulating the Gut–Brain Axis: Implications for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis

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Probiotics, Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs), and Gut-Brain Axis Related Psychological Conditions: Implications for Research and Dietetics

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Impact of Microbiome–Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

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Structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides in modulating neurological disorders via the microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Recent advancement in understanding of Alzheimer's disease: Risk factors, subtypes, and drug targets and potential therapeutics

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Rewiring the Brain Through the Gut: Insights into Microbiota–Nervous System Interactions

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Role of Antioxidants in Modulating the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Their Impact on Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Interaction of the Gut Microbiome and Immunity in Multiple Sclerosis: Impact of Diet and Immune Therapy

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Enteroendocrine cells: the gatekeepers of microbiome-gut-brain communication

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Trimethylamine-N-oxide and cerebral stroke risk: A review

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Microbial signatures and therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative diseases

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Probiotics and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegeneration: Beneficial effects and mechanistic insights

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Impact of Gut Microbiota on the Peripheral Nervous System in Physiological, Regenerative and Pathological Conditions

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Critical Review of the Cross-Links Between Dietary Components, the Gut Microbiome, and Depression

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Integrative Neuroimmune Role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve and Gut Microbiota in Stress Modulation: A Narrative Review

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Brain-Gut Axis: Invasive and Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Limitations, and Potential Therapeutic Approaches

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Gut–Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation

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Dietary (Poly)phenols and the Gut–Brain Axis in Ageing

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The gastrointestinal microbiota in the development of ME/CFS: a critical view and potential perspectives

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Gut Microbiota Mediates Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Unraveling Key Factors and Mechanistic Insights

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Inflammation and Huntington’s disease – a neglected therapeutic target?

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Gut microbiota–astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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IUPHAR themed review: The gut microbiome in schizophrenia

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Therapies for Parkinson’s disease and the gut microbiome: evidence for bidirectional connection

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Understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology for therapeutic implications of natural products as neuroprotective agents

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Dietary Polyphenols-Gut Microbiota Interactions: Intervention Strategies and Metabolic Regulation for Intestinal Diseases

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Deciphering the intricate linkage between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: Elucidating mechanistic pathways promising therapeutic strategies

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Microencapsulation and nanoencapsulation of bacterial probiotics: new frontiers in Alzheimer's disease treatment

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Probiotics and the Gut–Brain Axis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Epilepsy and Depression Comorbidity

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Decoding the role of gut microbiota in Alzheimer’s pathogenesis and envisioning future therapeutic avenues

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Gut-Brain Axis Deregulation and Its Possible Contribution to Neurodegenerative Disorders

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Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and other microbiome-based innovative therapeutics to mitigate obesity and enhance longevity via the gut-brain axis

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Oxidative and Excitatory Neurotoxic Stresses in CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Kynurenine Aminotransferase Knockout Mice: A Novel Model for Despair-Based Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

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Analysis of gut microbiota and depression and anxiety: Mendelian randomization from three datasets

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Microbiota-gut-brain-axis: a new target of acupuncture therapy for post-stroke cognitive impairment

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The Emerging Role of Human Gut Bacteria Extracellular Vesicles in Mental Disorders and Developing New Pharmaceuticals

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Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Key Signals Produced by Gut Microbiota Associated with Metabolic Syndrome, Cancer, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Brain Functions

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The gut–brain axis in Alzheimer’s disease: how gut microbiota modulate microglial function

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Advancements in Genetic and Biochemical Insights: Unraveling the Etiopathogenesis of Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease

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One Nervous System: Critical Links Between Central and Peripheral Nervous System Health and Implications for Obesity and Diabetes

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Fermented Vegetables as a Source of Psychobiotics: A Review of the Evidence for Mental Health Benefits

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Neurobiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Binge Eating Disorder: A Narrative Review

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Molecular Mechanisms of Reelin in the Enteric Nervous System and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Implications for Depression and Antidepressant Therapy

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Mild cognitive impairment and microbiota: what is known and future perspectives

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The role of gut microbiota metabolites in the regeneration and protection of nervous tissue: a narrative review

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A review on microbiota: relation with diseases and nutrients role

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The Gut–Spleen Axis in Liver Disease: Mechanistic Insights Into Metabolism, Metabolome, and Microbiome Interactions

Dey, P. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202502523rr · Cited by 13 · see citing works

How the gut microbiome shapes learning and memory: A comprehensive review

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Gut Microbiota: A Modulator and Therapeutic Target for Chronic Pain

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Inter-Organ Crosstalk in Neurodegenerative Disease

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Stroke and Distal Organ Damage: Exploring Brain-Kidney Crosstalk

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Long-Term Implicit Epigenetic Stress Information in the Enteric Nervous System and its Contribution to Developing and Perpetuating IBS

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The hallmarks of host-microbiome decoupling

Bautista, J., & López‐Cortés, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1801100 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

From Gut Microbiota to Brain Waves: The Potential of the Microbiome and EEG as Biomarkers for Cognitive Impairment

Krothapalli, M., Buddendorff, L., Yadav, H., Schilaty, N. D., & Jain, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25126678 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Malignant tumors in vagal-innervated organs: Exploring its homeostatic role

Martinez, P., & Sabatier, J. (2025) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2025.217539 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Gut Microbiota in Women with Eating Disorders: A New Frontier in Pathophysiology and Treatment

Marano, G., Rossi, S., Sfratta, G., Acanfora, M., Anesini, M. B., Traversi, G., Lisci, F. M., Rinaldi, L., Pola, R., Gasbarrini, A., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17142316 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

The gut microbiota-polyphenol interplay and its role in gut-organ axes: From mechanisms to functional outcomes

Tang, X., & Peng, X. (2025) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2025.105192 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

The microbiota-brain connection in neurological diseases: the ubiquitous short-chain fatty acids

Bertin, L., Bonazzi, E., Facchin, S., Lorenzon, G., Maniero, D., BARBA, C. D., Tomasulo, A., FORTUNA, A., Zingone, F., Barberio, B., et al. (2025) · Minerva Gastroenterology · doi:10.23736/s2724-5985.25.03866-5 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

A comprehensive review on the pharmacological role of gut microbiome in neurodegenerative disorders: potential therapeutic targets

Aziz, N., Wal, P., Patel, A., & Prajapati, H. (2024) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-024-03109-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

A comprehensive review on organ-on-chips as powerful preclinical models to study tissue barriers

Filiz, Y., Esposito, A., Maria, C. D., Vozzi, G., & Yeşil-Çeliktaş, Ö. (2024) · Progress in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1088/2516-1091/ad776c · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Gut Microbiota and Neuroinflammation: An Interconnected Nexus of Health and Neurodegenerative Disease

Oyovwi, M. O., Joseph, G. U., Oyekanmi, B. A., Odokuma, E. I., & Ogenma, U. T. (2024) · OBM Neurobiology · doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2404254 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

From Gut to Brain: The Impact of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Brain Cancer

Saadh, M. J., Allela, O. Q. B., Kareem, R. A., Sanghvi, G. V., Menon, S. V., Sharma, P., Tomar, B. S., Sharma, A., Sameer, H. N., Hamad, A. K., et al. (2025) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-025-08830-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Bridging traditional Chinese medicine and Alzheimer’s disease: the pivotal role of gut microbiota in multitarget therapeutic mechanisms

Wu, W., Meng, T., Han, L., Jin, F., Han, P., & Zhou, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1630205 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Vagal Oxytocin Receptors as Molecular Targets in Gut–Brain Signaling: Implications for Appetite, Satiety, Obesity, and Esophageal Motility—A Narrative Review

Nowacka, A., Śniegocki, M., & Ziółkowska, E. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26167812 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

The complement cascade in Alzheimer’s disease: modern implications of an ancient immune protagonist

Papavergi, M.-T., Bathini, P., Singh, B. B., & Lemere, C. A. (2025) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00916-y · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Axis-based propagation of nanoplastic toxicity: organ–organ crosstalk and systemic pathophysiological outcomes

Lee, S. (2026) · Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods · doi:10.1080/15376516.2025.2584495 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Harnessing Dietary Tryptophan: Bridging the Gap Between Neurobiology and Psychiatry in Depression Management

Chehadi, A. C., Pereira de Lima, E., Detregiachi, C. R. P., Santos de Argollo Haber, R., Catharin, V. M. C. S., Fornari Laurindo, L., Engracia Valenti, V., Machado Galhardi, C., Tanaka, M., & Maria Barbalho, S. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27010465 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation from patients with generalized anxiety on anxiety-like behaviors: The role of the gut-microbiota-endocannabinoid-brain Axis

Cai, M., Xue, S., Zhou, C., Feng, Y., Liu, J., Liu, R., Wang, P., Wang, H., & Peng, Z. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.04.018 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Acupuncture modulates the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a new strategy for Parkinson’s disease treatment

Zang, Z., Yang, F., Qu, L., Ge, M., Tong, L., Xue, L., Sun, X., & Hai, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1640389 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Advances in the Gut‐Lung Axis and Bronchial Asthma: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Potential

Zheng, T., Huang, Y., & Yao, H. (2025) · Clinical and Translational Allergy · doi:10.1002/clt2.70128 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Microbial Metabolites and the Gut-Brain Axis in Neurological Disorders: Implications for Neuropharmacology and Therapy

Wang, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · Neuropharmacology and Therapy · doi:10.15212/npt-2025-0008 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Antibiotic-altered gut microbiota explain host memory plasticity and disrupt pace-of-life covariation for an aquatic snail

Davidson, G. L., Cienfuegos, I. A., & Dalesman, S. (2024) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1093/ismejo/wrae078 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis and treatments of Parkinson’s disease

Du, X., Akter, S., Oludipe, D. B., Sil, S., Zhang, C., Gendelman, H. E., & Mosley, R. L. (2025) · NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1515/nipt-2025-0008 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Exploring Biological Risk Factors in Treatment-Resistant Depression

Liévanos-Ruiz, F. J., & Fenton-Navarro, B. (2025) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint6040134 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Muribaculum intestinale in brain-gut axis regulation: promises and limitations for therapeutic applications

Wang, R., He, Z., Li, Z., Pan, Y., & Bai, S. (2026) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1723051 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Nuanced contribution of gut microbiome in the early brain development of mice

Yeo, X. Y., Chae, W. R., Lee, H. U., Bae, H., Pettersson, S., Grandjean, J., Han, W., & Jung, S. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2283911 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

The role of gut-derived short-chain fatty acids in Parkinson's disease

Saadh, M. J., Mustafa, A. N., Mustafa, M. A., Renuka Jyothi, S., Dabis, H. K., Prasad, G. V. S., Mohammad, I. J., Adnan, A., & Idan, A. H. (2024) · Neurogenetics · doi:10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Bioelectronic tools for understanding the universal language of electrical signaling across species and kingdoms

Shukla, S., Comerci, C. J., Süel, G. M., & Jahed, Z. (2024) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2024.116843 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Narrative Review of an Emerging Field

El‐Sehrawy, A. A. M. A., Ayoub, I. I., Uthirapathy, S., Ballal, S., Gabble, B. C., Singh, A., Kavitha, V., Panigrahi, R., Kamali, M., & Khosravi, M. (2025) · European Journal of Translational Myology · doi:10.4081/ejtm.2025.13690 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Gut-brain-crosstalk- the vagus nerve and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in depression. A narrative review

Mörkl, S., Butler, M., & Wagner‐Skacel, J. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100607 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Enteric nervous system, gut-brain connection and related neurodevelopmental disorders (Review paper)

Alim, E., Gülekon, N., Atalar, K., & Bahçelioğlu, M. (2020) · Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Institutional Repository

Recognizing the role of the vagus nerve in depression from microbiota-gut brain axis

Tan, C., Yan, Q., Ma, Y., Fang, J., & Yang, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.1015175 · Cited by 111 · see citing works

Vagus nerve and brain–gut communication in neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanism and therapeutic perspectives

Luo, S., Pan, M., Fu, G., Meng, X., Zhao, Z., Yu, H., Yue, G.-X., & Lei, T. (2025) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107974 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Enteric nervous system, gut-brain connection and related neurodevelopmental disorders

Alim, E., Gülekon, N., Atalar, K., & Bahçelioğlu, M. (2020) · Anatomy (International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy) · doi:10.2399/ana.20.008 · Cited by 3 · see citing works