The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 54 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antidepressant Drug Effects and Depression Severity: A Patient-Level Meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Antidepressant medications represent the best established treatment for major depressive disorder, but there is little evidence that they have a specific pharmacological effect relative to pill placebo for patients with less severe depression. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relative benefit of medication vs placebo across a wide range of initial symptom severity in patients diagnosed with depression. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1980 through March 2009, along with references from meta-analyses and reviews. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the treatment of major or minor depressive disorder were selected. Studies were included if their authors provided the requisite original data, they comprised adult outpatients, they included a medication vs placebo comparison for at least 6 weeks, they did not exclude patients on the basis of a placebo washout period, and they used the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Data from 6 studies (718 patients) were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Individual patient-level data were obtained from study authors. RESULTS: Medication vs placebo differences varied substantially as a function of baseline severity. Among patients with HDRS scores below 23, Cohen d effect sizes for the difference between medication and placebo were estimated to be less than 0.20 (a standard definition of a small effect). Estimates of the magnitude of the superiority of medication over placebo increased with increases in baseline depression severity and crossed the threshold defined by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence for a clinically significant difference at a baseline HDRS score of 25. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of benefit of antidepressant medication compared with placebo increases with severity of depression symptoms and may be minimal or nonexistent, on average, in patients with mild or moderate symptoms. For patients with very severe depression, the benefit of medications over placebo is substantial.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“antidepressants have been demonstrated efficient in treating MDD”
From SSRI Treatment Response Prediction in Depression Based on Brain Activation by Emotional Stimuli (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Fournier and colleagues meta-analysed trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and estimated the effect size.45 For mild to severe depression the effect estimates ranged from -0.17 to -0.11; this is lower than the effect size for smoking cessation.”
From Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2014) · cites this paper as [45]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For SSRIs, researchers have argued that a substantial portion of the perceived therapeutic benefit in double-blind randomized clinical trials (RCTs) may stem from placebo responses rather than the drug itself (Sugarman et al., 2014; Fournier et al., 2010; Kirsch, 2014; Moncrieff and Kirsch, 2015).”
From Revisiting the SSRI vs. placebo debate in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: the role of expectancy effects, neural responsivity, and monoamine transporters (2025) · cites this paper as Fournier et al., 2010
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The introduction and widespread use of selective serotonine uptake inhibitors (SSRI) [22, 23] and psychological therapy including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) [24, 25] meant that well tolerated and effective treatments for depression and anxiety disorders became available in primary care, widening the group of individuals eligible for treatment.”
From Trends in psychiatric diagnoses, medications and psychological therapies in a large Swedish region: A population-based study (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“there are differences in individual response”
From SSRI Treatment Response Prediction in Depression Based on Brain Activation by Emotional Stimuli (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In addition, the effect sizes are generally higher than those obtained for pharmacological treatment of mild-to-moderate depression [34]”
From One-Day Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Compared to Support for Depressed Migraine Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial. (2020) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“Two individual participant data meta-analysis (26, 27) indicated that patients with lower baseline severity would achieve smaller improvement compared to placebo.”
In the citing paper
“Individual-level meta-analyses have found a direct relationship between the magnitude of depressive symptoms and the effectiveness of antidepressants.8–10”
In the citing paper
“Thus, the benefits of antidepressants in non-severe depression have been argued to be minimal.8 11”
In the citing paper
“One small individual patient data meta-analysis found support for increasing benefit with increasing severity of depression,20 but three larger individual patient data meta-analyses did not find any such effect of antidepressants compared with placebo on depression severity .44–46”
From Should antidepressants be used for major depressive disorder? (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“For example, meta-analysis has demonstrated that antidepressants, though widely prescribed as a treatment for MDD, may be no more effective than placebo for mild to moderate levels of symptom severity; clinically significant benefits are only observed at “very severe” levels of impairment (18).”
From Depression in diabetes: have we been missing something important? (2011) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“For example, meta-analysis has demonstrated that antidepressants, though widely prescribed as a treatment for MDD, may be no more effective than placebo for mild to moderate levels of symptom severity; clinically significant benefits are only observed at “very severe” levels of impairment (18).”
From Depression in diabetes: have we been missing something important? (2011) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Although antidepressants are unlikely to be effective in most presentations of distress (18), physical activity, psychotherapeutic approaches, and discussions with diabetes team members can be effective.”
From Depression in diabetes: have we been missing something important? (2011) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“The strength of the pooled standardised mean difference in change was clinically important - the association between smoking cessation and change in depression and anxiety was equal to or larger than the estimate from trials of antidepressants versus placebo.”
From An application of the stress-diathesis model: A review about the association between smoking tobacco, smoking cessation, and mental health (2023) · cites this paper as Fournier et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“A meta-analysis of individual-level data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressants for”
From An application of the stress-diathesis model: A review about the association between smoking tobacco, smoking cessation, and mental health (2023) · cites this paper as Fournier et al., 2010
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Lachenbruch, P. A., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290095 · Cited by 37,421
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
Kirsch, I., Deacon, B. J., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Scoboria, A., Moore, T. J., & Johnson, B. T. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050045 · Cited by 2,442
Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy
Turner, E. H., Matthews, A. M., Linardatos, E., Tell, R. A., & Rosenthal, R. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa065779 · Cited by 2,435
Elkin, I. (1989) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110013002 · Cited by 2,300
Dimidjian, S., Hollon, S. D., Dobson, K. S., Schmaling, K. B., Kohlenberg, R. J., Addis, M. E., Gallop, R., McGlinchey, J. B., Markley, D. K., Gollan, J. K., et al. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.4.658 · Cited by 1,607
Self-citationOstwald, P. F. (1960) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1960.14.4.817 · Cited by 1,422
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: Has the Gold Standard Become a Lead Weight?
Bagby, R. M., Ryder, A. G., Schuller, D. R., & Marshall, M. B. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2163 · Cited by 1,148
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [3]Depression Guideline Panel Depression in primary care: Vol. 2. Treatment of major depression Clinical Practice Guideline No. 5. AHCPR Publication No. 93-0551 Rockville, MD U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research 1993
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 1,006
Neuronal network plasticity and recovery from depression
Castrén, E. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1 · Cited by 190
Antidepressant Medication Use, Weight Gain, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Mika Kivimaki, B., Hamer, M., Batty, G. D., Geddes, J. R., Tabák, Á. G., Pentti, J., Virtanen, M., & Vahtera, J. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-1187 · Cited by 203
Wahl, I., Löwe, B., Bjørner, J. B., Fischer, F. H., Langs, G., Voderholzer, U., Aita, S. A., Bergemann, N., Brähler, E., & Rose, M. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.04.019 · Cited by 193
Perlis, R. H., Iosifescu, D. V., Castro, V. M., Murphy, S. N., Gainer, V. S., Minnier, J., Cai, T., Goryachev, S., Zeng, Q., Gallagher, P. J., et al. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711000997 · Cited by 193
Dynamic Multimodal Measurement of Depression Severity Using Deep Autoencoding
Dibeklioğlu, H., Hammal, Z., & Cohn, J. F. (2017) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2017.2676878 · Cited by 201
Guu, T., Mischoulon, D., Sarris, J. J., Hibbeln, J. R., McNamara, R. K., Hamazaki, K., Freeman, M. P., Maes, M. H. J., Matsuoka, Y., Belmaker, R. H., et al. (2019) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000502652 · Cited by 203
Weitz, E. S., Hollon, S. D., Twisk, J., van Straten, A., Huibers, M. J. H., David, D., DeRubeis, R. J., Dimidjian, S., Dunlop, B. W., Cristea, I. A., et al. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1516 · Cited by 187
Self-citationBrain Mechanisms of the Placebo Effect: An Affective Appraisal Account
Ashar, Y. K., Chang, L. J., & Wager, T. D. (2017) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093015 · Cited by 201
Baumeister, H., Hutter, N., & Bengel, J. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008381.pub2 · Cited by 188
Efficacy of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of depression
Hallahan, B. P., Ryan, T. J., Hibbeln, J. R., Murray, I. T., Glynn, S., Ramsden, C. E., SanGiovanni, J. P., & Davis, J. M. (2016) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.160242 · Cited by 202
Wittenberg, G. M., Stylianou, A., Zhang, Y., Sun, Y., Gupta, A., Jagannatha, P. S., Wang, D., Hsu, B. L., Curran, M. E., Khan, S. A., et al. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0471-8 · Cited by 194
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: A Critical Review of the New Diagnostic Class
Abramowitz, J. S., & Jacoby, R. J. (2015) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153713 · Cited by 185
Cognitive neuroscience 2.0: building a cumulative science of human brain function
Yarkoni, T., Poldrack, R. A., Van Essen, D. C., & Wager, T. D. (2010) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.08.004 · Cited by 174
Stewart, D. E. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp1102730 · Cited by 196
Pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: Current treatments and future directions
Farach, F. J., Pruitt, L. D., Jun, J. J., Jerud, A. B., Zoellner, L. A., & Roy‐Byrne, P. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.07.009 · Cited by 202
Paroxetine for the treatment of depression: a critical update
Gibiino, S., & Serretti, A. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.652085 · Cited by 180
Omega-3 fatty acids for depression in adults
Appleton, K. M., Sallis, H., Perry, R. E., Ness, A., & Churchill, R. C. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004692.pub4 · Cited by 187
How to obtain nnt from cohen’s D: comparison of two methods
Furukawa, T. A., & Leucht, S. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019070 · Cited by 179
Boulenger, J.-P., Loft, H., & Olsen, C. K. (2014) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0000000000000018 · Cited by 176
Mehler, D. M. A., Sokunbi, M. O., Habes, I., Barawi, K., Subramanian, L., Range, M., Evans, J., Hood, K., Lührs, M., Keedwell, P., et al. (2018) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-018-0126-5 · Cited by 175
Personalized prediction of antidepressant v. placebo response: evidence from the EMBARC study
Webb, C. A., Trivedi, M. H., Cohen, Z. D., Dillon, D. G., Fournier, J. C. J., Goer, F., D, M. F. M., McGrath, P. J., Weissman, M. M., Parsey, R. V., et al. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718001708 · Cited by 177
Self-citationAntidepressant treatment for postnatal depression
Molyneaux, E., Howard, L. M., McGeown, H. R., Karia, A. M., & Trevillion, K. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002018.pub2 · Cited by 171
Estimates of the Social Cost of Carbon: Background and Results from the RICE-2011 Model
Nordhaus, W. D. (2011) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w17540 · Cited by 169
Guidi, J., Tomba, E., & Fava, G. A. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040476 · Cited by 167
Dowrick, C., & Frances, A. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f7140 · Cited by 167
Reynolds, C. F., Cuijpers, P., Patel, V., Cohen, A., Dias, A., Chowdhary, N., Okereke, O. I., Amanda Dew, M., Anderson, S. J., Mazumdar, S., et al. (2012) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031811-124544 · Cited by 163
PERSONALIZED TREATMENT OF ADULT DEPRESSION: MEDICATION, PSYCHOTHERAPY, OR BOTH? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Cuijpers, P. J., Reynolds, C. F., Donker, T., Li, J., Andersson, G., & Beekman, A. T. F. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21985 · Cited by 175
Antidepressants and the placebo effect
Kirsch, I. (2014) · Zeitschrift für Psychologie · doi:10.1027/2151-2604/a000176 · Cited by 164
Advancing psychotherapy and evidence‐based psychological interventions
Emmelkamp, P. M. G., David, D., Beckers, T., Muris, P., Cuijpers, P. J., Lutz, W., Andersson, G., Araya, R., Rivera, R. M. B., Barkham, M., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.1411 · Cited by 184
Schröder, J., Sautier, L., Kriston, L., Berger, T., Meyer, B., Späth, C., Köther, U., Nestoriuc, Y., Klein, J. P., & Moritz, S. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.044 · Cited by 149
Should antidepressants be used for major depressive disorder?
Jakobsen, J. C., Gluud, C., & Kirsch, I. (2020) · BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111238 · Cited by 162
Barnicot, K., Katsakou, C., Bhatti, N., Savill, M., Fearns, N., & Priebe, S. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.04.004 · Cited by 159
Tsui-Caldwell, Y. H. W., & Steffen, P. R. (2018) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.01.001 · Cited by 188
Chaimani, A., Caldwell, D. M., Li, T., Higgins, J. P. T., & Salanti, G. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.11.015 · Cited by 162
Treating major depression with yoga: A prospective, randomized, controlled pilot trial
Prathikanti, S., Rivera, R., Cochran, A., Tungol, J. G., Fayazmanesh, N., & Weinmann, E. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173869 · Cited by 157
Munkholm, K., Paludan-Müller, A. S., & Boesen, K. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024886 · Cited by 151
Saveanu, R., Etkin, A., Duchemin, A.-M., Goldstein-Piekarski, A., Gyurak, A., Debattista, C., Schatzberg, A. F., Sood, S., Day, C. V. A., Palmer, D. M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.12.018 · Cited by 151
Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and major depressive disorder
Tobe, E. (2013) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s44282 · Cited by 156
The efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in primary care: a meta-analytic review.
Demarzo, M. M. P., Montero-Marin, J., Cuijpers, P., Zabaleta-del-Olmo, E., Mahtani, K. R., Vellinga, A., Vicens, C., Lopez-del-Hoyo, Y., & Garcia-Campayo, J. (2015) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.1863 · Cited by 152
Momentary assessment technology as a tool to help patients with depression help themselves
Wichers, M., Simons, C. J. P., Kramer, I., Hartmann, J., Menne‐Lothmann, C., Myin‐Germeys, I., van Bemmel, A. L., Peeters, F. P. M. L., Delespaul, P., & van Os, J. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01749.x · Cited by 164
Factors associated with falls among older adults living in institutions
Damián, J., Pastor‐Barriuso, R., Gama, E. V., & de Pedro‐Cuesta, J. (2013) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-13-6 · Cited by 153
Wager‐Smith, K., & Markou, A. (2010) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.09.010 · Cited by 153
Linde, K., Kriston, L., Rücker, G., Jamil, S., Schumann, I., Meißner, K., Sigterman, K. E., & Schneider, A. (2015) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.1687 · Cited by 160
Geriatric Depression in Primary Care
Park, M., & Unützer, J. (2011) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.02.009 · Cited by 150
Gyurak, A., Patenaude, B., Korgaonkar, M. S., Grieve, S. M., Williams, L. M., & Etkin, A. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.037 · Cited by 149
Hickie, I. B., Naismith, S. L., Robillard, R., Scott, E. M., & Hermens, D. F. (2013) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-11-79 · Cited by 159
Klein, J. P., Berger, T., Schröder, J., Späth, C., Meyer, B., Caspar, F., Lutz, W., Arndt, A., Greiner, W., Gräfe, V., et al. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000445355 · Cited by 145
Husain, M. I., Chaudhry, I. B., Husain, N., Khoso, A. B., Rahman, R. R., Hamirani, M. M., Hodsoll, J. P., Qurashi, I., Deakin, J. F. W., & Young, A. H. (2017) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881117724352 · Cited by 152
Brown, H. K., Ray, J. G., Wilton, A. S., Lunsky, Y., Gomes, T., & Vigod, S. N. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3415 · Cited by 143
Singh, A. (2015) · Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience · doi:10.9758/cpn.2015.13.2.150 · Cited by 146
Moncrieff, J., & Kirsch, I. (2015) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2015.05.005 · Cited by 151
Coupland, C. A. C., Dhiman, P., Barton, G., Morriss, R. K., Arthur, A. J., Sach, T., & Hippisley‐Cox, J. (2011) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta15280 · Cited by 146
Depressive disorders: treatment failures and poor prognosis over the last 50 years
Blackburn, T. P. (2019) · Pharmacology Research & Perspectives · doi:10.1002/prp2.472 · Cited by 136
Lenzi, F., Cortese, S., Harris, J., & Masi, G. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.010 · Cited by 141
Depression in epilepsy: a critical review from a clinical perspective
Hoppe, C., & Elger, C. E. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2011.104 · Cited by 143
Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Effectiveness of Acupuncture in Depression
Yang, N.-N., Lin, L.-L., Li, Y.-J., Li, H.-P., Cao, Y., Tan, C.-X., Hao, X.-W., Ma, S.-M., Wang, L., & Liu, C.-Z. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666210609162809 · Cited by 151
Meta-Regression Analysis of Placebo Response in Antipsychotic Trials, 1970–2010
Agid, O., SIU, C. O., Potkin, S. G., Kapur, S., Watsky, E. J., Vanderburg, D. G., Zipursky, R. B., & Remington, G. J. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12030315 · Cited by 140
Non-pharmacological treatment of depression: a systematic review and evidence map
Farah, W. H., Alsawas, M., Mainou, M., Alahdab, F., Farah, M. H., Ahmed, A. T., Mohamed, E. A., Almasri, J., Gionfriddo, M. R., Castaneda-Guarderas, A., et al. (2016) · Evidence Based Medicine · doi:10.1136/ebmed-2016-110522 · Cited by 141
Papakostas, G. I., Shelton, R. C., Zajecka, J., Bottiglieri, T., Roffman, J. L., Cassiello-Robbins, C. F., Stahl, S. M., & D, M. F. M. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.13m08947 · Cited by 139
Self-citationBerlim, M. T., McGirr, A., den Eynde, F. V., Fleck, M. P., & Giacobbe, P. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.016 · Cited by 140
An integrative collaborative care model for people with mental illness and physical comorbidities
Ee, C., Lake, J., Firth, J., Hargraves, F., de Manincor, M., Meade, T., Marx, W., & Sarris, J. J. (2020) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-020-00410-6 · Cited by 173
Horn, S. R., Long, M. M., Nelson, B. W., Allen, N. B., Fisher, P. A., & Byrne, M. L. (2018) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2018.06.016 · Cited by 129
Shen, Q., Lal, R., Luellen, B. A., Earnheart, J. C., Andrews, A. M., & Luscher, B. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.04.024 · Cited by 139
Resting-State Connectivity Predictors of Response to Psychotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder
Crowther, A., Smoski, M. J., Minkel, J. D., Moore, T. M., Gibbs, D. E., Petty, C., Bizzell, J., Schiller, C. E., Sideris, J. H., Carl, H., et al. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.12 · Cited by 139
Why we need easy access to all data from all clinical trials and how to accomplish it
Gøtzsche, P. C. (2011) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-12-249 · Cited by 137
Psychological effects of androgen‐deprivation therapy on men with prostate cancer and their partners
Donovan, K. A., Walker, L. M., Wassersug, R. J., Thompson, L. M. A., & Robinson, J. W. (2015) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.29672 · Cited by 136
Antidepressant Utilization and Suicide in Europe: An Ecological Multi-National Study
Gusmão, R., Quintão, S., McDaid, D., Arensman, E., Van Audenhove, C., Coffey, C., Värnik, A., Värnik, P., Coyne, J., & Hegerl, U. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066455 · Cited by 136
Foulds, J., Adamson, S. J., Boden, J. M., Williman, J. A., & Mulder, R. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.024 · Cited by 149
Evidence on Virtual Reality-Based Therapies for Psychiatric Disorders: Meta-Review of Meta-Analyses
Dellazizzo, L., Potvin, S., Luigi, M., & Dumais, A. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/20889 · Cited by 135
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Prevention of Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Su, K., Matsuoka, Y., & Pae, C. (2015) · Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience · doi:10.9758/cpn.2015.13.2.129 · Cited by 140
Chin Fatt, C. R., Jha, M. K., Cooper, C. M., Fonzo, G., South, C., Grannemann, B., Carmody, T., Greer, T. L., Kurian, B., Fava, M., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18070870 · Cited by 125
A pragmatic randomized clinical trial of behavioral activation for depressed pregnant women.
Dimidjian, S., Goodman, S. H., Sherwood, N. E., Simon, G. E., Ludman, E. J., Gallop, R., Welch, S. S., Boggs, J. M., Metcalf, C. A., Hubley, S. H., et al. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000151 · Cited by 145
Self-citationPurgato, M., Carswell, K., Tedeschi, F., Acarturk, C., Anttila, M., Au, T., Bajbouj, M., Baumgartner, J., Biondi, M., Churchill, R., et al. (2021) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000517504 · Cited by 132
Rhodiola rosea L. as a putative botanical antidepressant
Amsterdam, J. D., & Panossian, A. (2016) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2016.02.009 · Cited by 136
Self-citationvan Bronswijk, S., Moopen, N., Beijers, L., Ruhe, H. G., & Peeters, F. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171800199x · Cited by 128
Personalized Psychotherapy for Adult Depression: A Meta-Analytic Review
Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D. D., Acarturk, C., Andersson, G., & Cristea, I. A. (2016) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2016.04.007 · Cited by 128
Routledge Handbook of Physical Activity and Mental Health
Panteleimon Ekkekakis, A. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203132678 · Cited by 128
Wiles, N., Thomas, L., Abel, A., Barnes, M., Carroll, F., Ridgway, N., Sherlock, S., Turner, N., Button, K., Odondi, L., et al. (2014) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta18310 · Cited by 127
Nishmitha, P. S., Akhilghosh, K. A., Aiswriya, V. P., Ramesh, A., Muthuchamy, M., & Muthukumar, A. (2025) · Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances · doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100755 · Cited by 140
Charlton, R., Jordan, S., Pierini, A., Garne, E., Neville, A., Hansen, A., Gini, R., Thayer, D., Tingay, K., Puccini, A., et al. (2015) · BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.13143 · Cited by 121
Helbich, M., Klein, N., Roberts, H., Hagedoorn, P., & Groenewegen, P. (2018) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.010 · Cited by 129
Stone, M. B., Yaseen, Z. S., Miller, B. J., Richardville, K., Kalaria, S. N., & Kirsch, I. (2022) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2021-067606 · Cited by 138
Primum Non Nocere: An Evolutionary Analysis of Whether Antidepressants Do More Harm than Good
Andrews, P. W., Thomson, J. A., Amstadter, A., & Neale, M. C. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00117 · Cited by 120
Navarria, A., Wohleb, E. S., Voleti, B., Ota, K. T., Dutheil, S., Lepack, A. E., Dwyer, J. M., Fuchikami, M., Becker, A., Drago, F., et al. (2015) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2015.06.012 · Cited by 118
Psychotherapeutic interventions for depressed, low-income women: A review of the literature
Levy, L. B., & O'Hara, M. W. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.06.006 · Cited by 121
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise to Improve Mood After Traumatic Brain Injury
Hoffman, J. M., Bell, K. R., Powell, J. M., Behr, J., Dunn, E. C., DIKMEN, S. S., & Bombardier, C. H. (2010) · PM&R · doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.06.008 · Cited by 129
Lewis, G., Duffy, L., Ades, A., Amos, R., Araya, R., Brabyn, S., Button, K. S., Churchill, R., Derrick, C., Dowrick, C., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30366-9 · Cited by 120
Sanacora, G., Johnson, M. R., Khan, A., Atkinson, S. D., Riesenberg, R. R., Schronen, J. P., Burke, M. A., Zajecka, J. M., Barra, L., Su, H.-L., et al. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.224 · Cited by 120
Blumberger, D. M., Mulsant, B. H., Fitzgerald, P. B., Rajji, T. K., Ravindran, A. V., Young, L. T., Levinson, A. J., & Daskalakis, Z. J. (2012) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2011.579163 · Cited by 118
Tsai, A. C., Weiser, S. D., Petersen, M. L., Ragland, K. E., Kushel, M., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.160 · Cited by 119
Initial Severity of Schizophrenia and Efficacy of Antipsychotics
Furukawa, T. A., Levine, S. Z., Tanaka, S., Goldberg, Y., Samara, M. T., Davis, J. M., Cipriani, A., & Leucht, S. (2014) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2127 · Cited by 116
Depression, antidepressants and fall risk: therapeutic dilemmas—a clinical review
van Poelgeest, E. P., Pronk, A. C., Rhebergen, D., & van der Velde, N. (2021) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-021-00475-7 · Cited by 131
Massoudi, B., Holvast, F., Bockting, C. L. H., Burger, H., & Blanker, M. H. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.050 · Cited by 101
Kondo, D. G., Sung, Y. H., Hellem, T., Fiedler, K. K., Shi, X., Jeong, E.-K., & Renshaw, P. F. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.07.010 · Cited by 116
Antidepressant Withdrawal and Rebound Phenomena
Henssler, J. F., Heinz, A., Brandt, L., & Bschor, T. (2019) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0355 · Cited by 124
Patients' views of physical activity as treatment for depression: a qualitative study
Searle, A., Calnan, M., Lewis, G., Campbell, J., Taylor, A., & Turner, K. (2011) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp11x567054 · Cited by 115
Recchia, F., Leung, C. K., Chin, E. C., Fong, D. Y., Montero, D., Cheng, C. P., Yau, S. Y., & Siu, P. M. (2022) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2022-105964 · Cited by 117
Schröder, J., Berger, T., Meyer, B., Lutz, W., Hautzinger, M., Späth, C., Eichenberg, C., Klein, J. P., & Moritz, S. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-017-9850-0 · Cited by 113
Baumeister, H., Hutter, N., & Bengel, J. (2014) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.12452 · Cited by 115
Metadata
- Authors
- Fournier, J. C., DeRubeis, R. J., Hollon, S. D., Dimidjian, S., Amsterdam, J. D., Shelton, R. C., & Fawcett, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of New Mexico (US)
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2010-01-06
- Volume
- 303
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 47
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC3712503
- OpenAlex
- W2004762037
- Cited by
- 2,009
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 111 · 2018: 143 · 2017: 128 · 2016: 112 · 2015: 149 · 2014: 154 · 2013: 170 · 2012: 172
- FWCI
- 144.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Sanofi
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- Universiteit Maastricht
- National Institute of Mental Health (K24MH001741, R10 MH50129, R01MH060998, K02MH001697, R10MH055875, R10MH055877)
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- antidepressants, major depressive disorder, depression severity, placebo response, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, treatment effect heterogeneity, mild depression, antidepressant efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Placebo Effect, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
