Allostatic load and biological anthropology

Edes, Ashley N.; Crews, Douglas E.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23146

Cited by 130Stress Responses and CortisolHealth disparities and outcomesEvolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior

Allostatic load and biological anthropology

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Edes, Ashley N., Crews, Douglas E.·2017·American Journal of Physical Anthropology

DOI 10.1002/ajpa.23146

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Abstract

Multiple stressors affect developing and adult organisms, thereby partly structuring their phenotypes. Determining how stressors influence health, well-being, and longevity in human and nonhuman primate populations are major foci within biological anthropology. Although much effort has been devoted to examining responses to multiple environmental and sociocultural stressors, no holistic metric to measure stress-related physiological dysfunction has been widely applied within biological anthropology. Researchers from disciplines outside anthropology are using allostatic load indices (ALIs) to estimate such dysregulation and examine life-long outcomes of stressor exposures, including morbidity and mortality. Following allostasis theory, allostatic load represents accumulated physiological and somatic damage secondary to stressors and senescent processes experienced over the lifespan. ALIs estimate this wear-and-tear using a composite of biomarkers representing neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems. Across samples, ALIs are associated significantly with multiple individual characteristics (e.g., age, sex, education, DNA variation) of interest within biological anthropology. They also predict future outcomes, including aspects of life history variation (e.g., survival, lifespan), mental and physical health, morbidity and mortality, and likely health disparities between groups, by stressor exposures, ethnicity, occupations, and degree of departure from local indigenous life ways and integration into external and commodified ones. ALIs also may be applied to similar stress-related research areas among nonhuman primates. Given the reports from multiple research endeavors, here we propose ALIs may be useful for assessing stressors, stress responses, and stress-related dysfunction, current and long-term cognitive function, health and well-being, and risk of early mortality across many research programs within biological anthropology.

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Allostatic load and its impact on health: A systematic review
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“According to Edes and Crews (2017), “Allostatic load results from altered physiology across multiple systems secondary to stressors and related responses and, therefore, may be estimated using multisystem biomarker composites representing, for example, the neuroendocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular,…”
BackgroundInfluential

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Self-citation
Comparing Predictors and Outcomes of Higher Allostatic Load across Zoo-Housed African Great Apes
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Self-citation
The first multi-zoo application of an allostatic load index to western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
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Self-citation

Authors: Edes, A. N., & Crews, D. E.
Affiliations: The Ohio State University (US)
Corresponding author: Crews, Douglas E.
Venue: American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2017-01
Volume: 162
Issue: S63
Pages: 44-70
ISSN: 0002-9483 (ISSN-L)
1096-8644
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23146
OpenAlex: W2573267323
Cited by: 130
References: 302
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9
FWCI: 5.47
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 19 d)
Locations: American Journal of Physical Anthropology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Keywords: allostatic load index, allostasis, stressors, physiological dysregulation, biomarkers, non-human primates, health and well-being, morbidity and mortality, life history, health disparities, cognitive function, stress response
MeSH terms: Anthropology, Physical, Homeostasis, Humans, Stress, Physiological, Allostasis

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