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Brain volume abnormalities in major depressive disorder: A meta‐analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies
Open accessAbstract
Objective. So far, there have been no attempts to integrate the growing number of all brain volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies in depression. In this comprehensive meta‐analysis the magnitude and extent of brain volume differences between 2,418 patients with major depressive disorder and 1,974 healthy individuals from 64 studies was determined. Methods. A systematic research was conducted for volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies of patients with major depressive disorder in relation to healthy control subjects. Studies had to report sufficient data for computation of effect sizes. For each study, the Cohen's d was calculated. All analyses were performed using the random effects model. Additionally, meta‐regression analyses were done to explore the effects of potential sources of heterogeneity. Results. Patients showed large volume reductions in frontal regions, especially in the anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortex with smaller reductions in the prefrontal cortex. The hippocampus, the putamen and caudate nucleus showed moderate volume reductions. Conclusions. This is the first comprehensive meta‐analysis in major depressive disorder demonstrating structural brain abnormalities, particularly in those brain areas that are involved in emotion processing and stress‐regulation. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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“An early meta-analysis (64 structural MRI studies) reported that frontal regions showed the largest volumetric reductions in MDD [78], particularly in the ACC and bilateral OFC, although distinct subregions were not investigated (see also [79]).”
From Prefrontal cortex and depression (2022) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“These meta-analyses have reported moderate effect sizes for reduced hippocampal volume in MDD (Cohen’s d range = −0.41 to −0.47; 6,8,9).”
From The Impact of Stress and Major Depressive Disorder on Hippocampal and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Morphology (2019) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“several meta-analyses have demonstrated that, relative to healthy controls (HCs), individuals with MDD show reduced hippocampus and mPFC volumes, including dorsal and ventral mPFC portions (dmPFC/vmPFC) extending into the medial orbital frontal cortex (mOFC) as well as dorsal and rostral portions of the anterior cingulate cortex (rACC/dACC) (2,4–14).”
From The Impact of Stress and Major Depressive Disorder on Hippocampal and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Morphology (2019) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“As extracellular glutamate release outpaces clearance by glial cells, and the ensuing inflammation and neurodegeneration likely contribute to the acute volume reductions and other cytoarchitectural abnormalities detected in depressed patients’ brains [35].”
From Pharmacotherapies Targeting GABA-Glutamate Neurotransmission for Treatment-Resistant Depression (2023) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“Meta-analyses revealed that depressed patients showed large volume reductions in frontal regions, especially in the anterior cingulate and OFC (Koolschijn et al., 2009; Lorenzetti et al., 2009).”
From The orbitofrontal cortex: reward, emotion and depression (2020) · cites this paper as Koolschijn et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Previous studies have used MRI to detect brain structural abnormalities in patients with MDD, but they have produced heterogeneous and often conflicting results (Arnone et al., 2012; Bora et al., 2012; Koolschijn et al., 2009).”
From Widespread reductions in gray matter volume in depression (2013) · cites this paper as Koolschijn et al., 2009
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Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 209 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- 10.1097/JGP.0000300628.33669.03 · DOI
- Walker E, Stress and the HPA axis activity in the developmental course of schizophrenia, Annu Rev Clin Psychol
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reconsidering anhedonia in depression: Lessons from translational neuroscience
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Metadata
- Authors
- Koolschijn, P. C. M. P., van Haren, N. E. M., Lensvelt‐Mulders, G. J. L. M., Hulshoff Pol, H. E., & Kahn, R. S.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-05-13
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3719-3735
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC6871089
- OpenAlex
- W1990168531
- Cited by
- 902
- References
- 209
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 66 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 57
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, brain volume, structural brain abnormalities, frontal lobe, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, putamen, caudate nucleus, emotional processing, stress regulation
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Databases, Bibliographic
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