The relationship between level of processing and hippocampal-cortical functional connectivity during episodic memory formation in humans
Open accessAbstract
New episodic memory traces represent a record of the ongoing neocortical processing engaged during memory formation (encoding). Thus, during encoding, deep (semantic) processing typically establishes more distinctive and retrievable memory traces than does shallow (perceptual) processing, as assessed by later episodic memory tests. By contrast, the hippocampus appears to play a processing‐independent role in encoding, because hippocampal lesions impair encoding regardless of level of processing. Here, we clarified the neural relationship between processing and encoding by examining hippocampal–cortical connectivity during deep and shallow encoding. Participants studied words during functional magnetic resonance imaging and freely recalled these words after distraction. Deep study processing led to better recall than shallow study processing. For both levels of processing, successful encoding elicited activations of bilateral hippocampus and left prefrontal cortex, and increased functional connectivity between left hippocampus and bilateral medial prefrontal, cingulate and extrastriate cortices. Successful encoding during deep processing was additionally associated with increased functional connectivity between left hippocampus and bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction. In the shallow encoding condition, on the other hand, pronounced functional connectivity increases were observed between the right hippocampus and the frontoparietal attention network activated during shallow study processing. Our results further specify how the hippocampus coordinates recording of ongoing neocortical activity into long‐term memory, and begin to provide a neural explanation for the typical advantage of deep over shallow study processing for later episodic memory. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Diffusion tensor imaging and fMRI studies show strong links between the PFC and medial temporal lobe during episodic encoding.
“Diffusion tensor imaging and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies show strong links between the PFC and medial temporal lobe during episodic encoding (Schott et al., 2011; Schott et al., 2013).”
From The medial prefrontal cortex - hippocampus circuit that integrates information of object, place and time to construct episodic memory in rodents: Behavioral, anatomical and neurochemical properties (2020) · cites this paper as Schott et al., 2013
Brain imaging studies indicate strong links between the PFC and medial temporal lobe during episodic encoding.
“brain imaging studies indicating strong links between the PFC and medial temporal lobe during episodic encoding”
From The medial prefrontal cortex - hippocampus circuit that integrates information of object, place and time to construct episodic memory in rodents: Behavioral, anatomical and neurochemical properties (2020) · cites this paper as Schott et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Schott, B. H., Wüstenberg, T., Wimber, M., Fenker, D. B., Zierhut, K. C., Seidenbecher, C. I., Heinze, H., Walter, H., Düzel, E., & Richardson‐Klavehn, A.
- Affiliations
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (DE)
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- University Hospital Magdeburg (DE)
- University College London (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-10-31
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 407-424
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC6870091
- OpenAlex
- W2017832056
- Semantic Scholar
- 3cd883c50792e0a0cefea149186dc2d481c776c2
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- levels of processing, episodic memory encoding, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction, frontoparietal attention network, memory retrieval
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Algorithms, Analysis of Variance, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Psychophysiology, Reaction Time, Reading, Mental Recall, Models, Statistical, Young Adult, Memory, Episodic
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