Dysmaturation of the default mode network in autism
Open accessAbstract
Two hypotheses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) propose that this condition is characterized by deficits in Theory of Mind and by hypoconnectivity between remote cortical regions with hyperconnectivity locally. The default mode network (DMN) is a set of remote, functionally connected cortical nodes less active during executive tasks than at rest and is implicated in Theory of Mind, episodic memory, and other self‐reflective processes. We show that children with ASD have reduced connectivity between DMN nodes and increased local connectivity within DMN nodes and the visual and motor resting‐state networks. We show that, like the trajectory of synaptogenesis, internodal DMN functional connectivity increased as a quadratic function of age in typically developing children, peaking between, 11 and 13 years. In children with ASD, these long‐distance connections fail to develop during adolescence. These findings support the “developmental disconnection model” of ASD, provide a possible mechanistic explanation for the Theory‐of‐Mind hypothesis of ASD, and show that the window for effectively treating ASD could be wider than previously thought. Hum Brain Mapp 35:1284–1296, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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In children with ASD, internodal DMN functional connectivity failed to develop during adolescence (11-13 years) but not during childhood (6-9 years).
“Interestingly, in children with ASD, internodal DMN functional connectivity failed to develop during adolescence (11–13 years) but not during childhood (6–9 years) (Washington et al. 2014).”
From Dysfunctional Autism Risk Genes Cause Circuit-Specific Connectivity Deficits With Distinct Developmental Trajectories (2018) · cites this paper as Washington et al. 2014
Previous studies of within-network connectivity of the DMN in both children with ASD and ADHD that did not use ICA-AROMA may have been influenced by residual effects of motion.
“Previous studies of within-network connectivity of the DMN in both children with ASD (Washington et al., 2014; Starck et al., 2013) and ADHD (Castellanos and Aoki, 2016) that did not use ICA-AROMA may have been influenced by residual effects of motion.”
From Investigating functional brain network integrity using a traditional and novel categorical scheme for neurodevelopmental disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Washington et al., 2014
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“Previous studies of within-network connectivity of the DMN in both children with ASD (Washington et al., 2014; Starck et al., 2013) and ADHD (Castellanos and Aoki, 2016) that did not use ICA-AROMA may have been influenced by residual effects of motion.”
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- Authors
- Washington, S. D., Gordon, E. M., Brar, J., Warburton, S., Sawyer, A. T., Wolfe, A., Mease‐Ference, E. R., Girton, L., Hailu, A., Mbwana, J., Gaillard, W. D., Kalbfleisch, M. L., & VanMeter, J. W.
- Affiliations
- Children's National (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
- Corresponding author
- Washington, Stuart D.
- VanMeter, John W.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-01-18
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1284-1296
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC3651798
- OpenAlex
- W1496570496
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 12.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Georgetown University
- National Institute of Mental Health (U54MH066417, F31MH088066, IU54MH066417-01)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR023942)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD046388, P30HD040677)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, default mode network, resting-state functional connectivity, theory of mind, hypoconnectivity, hyperconnectivity, synaptogenesis, children, adolescence, therapeutic time window
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Child Development, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motor Activity, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Rest, Visual Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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