Effects of sucrose and high fructose corn syrup consumption on spatial memory function and hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent rats: Adolescent Sugar Intake Impairs Spatial Memory

Hsu, Ted M.; Konanur, Vaibhav R.; Taing, Lilly; Usui, Ryan; Kayser, Brandon D.; Goran, Michael I.; Kanoski, Scott E.

doi:10.1002/hipo.22368

Cited by 217Diet, Metabolism, and DiseaseMemory and Neural MechanismsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Effects of sucrose and high fructose corn syrup consumption on spatial memory function and hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent rats: Adolescent Sugar Intake Impairs Spatial Memory

Hsu, Ted M., Konanur, Vaibhav R., Taing, Lilly, Usui, Ryan, Kayser, Brandon D., Goran, Michael I., Kanoski, Scott E.·2015·Hippocampus

DOI 10.1002/hipo.22368

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Abstract

Excessive consumption of added sugars negatively impacts metabolic systems; however, effects on cognitive function are poorly understood. Also unknown is whether negative outcomes associated with consumption of different sugars are exacerbated during critical periods of development (e.g., adolescence). Here we examined the effects of sucrose and high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) intake during adolescence or adulthood on cognitive and metabolic outcomes. Adolescent or adult male rats were given 30-day access to chow, water, and either (1) 11% sucrose solution, (2) 11% HFCS-55 solution, or (3) an extra bottle of water (control). In adolescent rats, HFCS-55 intake impaired hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory in a Barne's maze, with moderate learning impairment also observed for the sucrose group. The learning and memory impairment is unlikely based on nonspecific behavioral effects as adolescent HFCS-55 consumption did not impact anxiety in the zero maze or performance in a non-spatial response learning task using the same mildly aversive stimuli as the Barne's maze. Protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6, interleukin 1β) was increased in the dorsal hippocampus for the adolescent HFCS-55 group relative to controls with no significant effect in the sucrose group, whereas liver interleukin 1β and plasma insulin levels were elevated for both adolescent-exposed sugar groups. In contrast, intake of HFCS-55 or sucrose in adults did not impact spatial learning, glucose tolerance, anxiety, or neuroinflammatory markers. These data show that consumption of added sugars, particularly HFCS-55, negatively impacts hippocampal function, metabolic outcomes, and neuroinflammation when consumed in excess during the adolescent period of development.

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The effects of prolonged high sugar intake on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors are more pronounced during the adolescent period.
“While sugar consumption can alleviate stress and pain and improve negative mood and emotional states in the short-term [52], prolonged intake of high sucrose or fructose diets can induce anxiety-and depressive-like behaviors and motivational deficits [53][54][55], effects that are more pronounced during the adolescent period [55][56][57].”
From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [57]

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Impact of adolescent sucrose access on cognitive control, recognition memory, and parvalbumin immunoreactivityPreprint
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Differential effects of excess high-fructose corn syrup on the DNA methylation of hippocampal neurotrophic factor in childhood and adolescence
Kageyama, I., Yamada, H., Munetsuna, E., Yamazaki, M., Ando, Y., Mizuno, G., Fujii, R., Nouchi, Y., Wakasugi, T., Sakakibara, T., et al. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270144 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Authors: Hsu, T. M., Konanur, V. R., Taing, L., Usui, R., Kayser, B. D., Goran, M. I., & Kanoski, S. E.
Affiliations: University of Southern California (US)
Corresponding author: Kanoski, Scott E.
ORCID: Konanur, Vaibhav R.
Kayser, Brandon D.
Goran, Michael I.
Kanoski, Scott E.
Venue: Hippocampus
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2014-10-03
Volume: 25
Issue: 2
Pages: 227-239
ISSN: 1050-9631 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22368
OpenAlex: W2134041954
Cited by: 217
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 12.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 333 d)
Locations: Hippocampus (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Southern California, Dornsife faculty startup funding
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: high fructose corn syrup, sucrose, added sugars, adolescent development, spatial learning and memory, neuroinflammation, inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6, IL-1β, insulin, glucose tolerance, anxiety, cognitive impairment, sugar consumption
MeSH terms: Animals, Anxiety, Body Weight, Eating, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Glucose Tolerance Test, Hippocampus, Insulin, Liver, Male, Immunoblotting, Neuroimmunomodulation, Interleukin-6, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Maze Learning, Dietary Sucrose, Interleukin-1beta, Spatial Memory, High Fructose Corn Syrup

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Effects of sucrose and high fructose corn syrup consumption on spatial memory function and hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent rats: Adolescent Sugar Intake Impairs Spatial Memory

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