Cited by 984Student Stress and CopingPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Further psychometric support for the 10-item version of the Perceived Stress Scale

Roberti, Jonathan W., Harrington, Lisa N., Storch, Eric A.·2006·Journal of College Counseling

DOI 10.1002/j.2161-1882.2006.tb00100.x

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Abstract

Because of increased stress conditions in college students, updated psychometrics of the Perceived Stress Scale, 10‐item version (PSS‐10; S. Cohen & G. Williamson, 1988) are necessary. Participants were 281 undergraduates at 3 public universities. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a 2‐factor structure measuring Perceived Helplessness and Perceived Self‐Efficacy. Normative results, internal consistencies, and construct validity were supported. The current findings reveal that the PSS‐10 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessment of perceived stress in college students.

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“52 In addition, the PSS-4 has been validated in pregnant women and correlated strongly ( q = 0 : 71)”
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Goldberg, S. B., Imhoff-Smith, T., Bolt, D. M., Wilson-Mendenhall, C. D., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., & Rosenkranz, M. A. (2020) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/23825 · Cited by 97
“Additional information about the psychometric properties and theoretical relevance of the included measures is provided in Multimedia Appendix 1 [73-101].”
Background
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Dutch and Belgian Adolescents: Personality, Stress and Coping
Kiekens, G., Bruffaerts, R., Nock, M. K., van de Ven, M. O. M., Witteman, C. L. M., Mortier, P., Demyttenaere, K., & Claes, L. (2015) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.06.007 · Cited by 123
“The PSS-10 total score was demonstrated to have a good convergent validity because the scale appeared to correlate with criterium variables such as trait anxiety [59].”
Background
Longitudinal associations between minority stress, internalizing symptoms, and substance use among sexual and gender minority individuals assigned female at birth.
Dyar, C., Sarno, E. L., Newcomb, M. E., & Whitton, S. W. (2020) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000487 · Cited by 118
“Of note, the measure we used to assess general stress assessed perceived stress, or the degree to which situations in one’s life are perceived as stressful, uncontrollable, and unpredictable (Roberti et al., 2006).”
Method
Digital media and stress: the cost of caring 2.0
Hampton, K. N., Lu, W., & Shin, I. (2016) · Information Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/1369118x.2016.1186714 · Cited by 109
The Mediating Role of Self‐compassion in Student Psychological Health
Fong, M., & Loi, N. M. (2016) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12185 · Cited by 148
Estudo das propriedades psicométricas da Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) na população portuguesa
Trigo, M., Canudo, N., Branco, F., & da Silva, D. R. P. (2010) · Psychologica · doi:10.14195/1647-8606_53_17 · Cited by 125
Effects of Group Fitness Classes on Stress and Quality of Life of Medical Students
Yorks, D. M., Frothingham, C. A., & Schuenke, M. D. (2017) · Journal of Osteopathic Medicine · doi:10.7556/jaoa.2017.140 · Cited by 125
“Stress To assess the degree to which situations in one’s life were appraised as stressful, participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), one of the most widely used psychological instruments for measuring the perception of stress.(22-24) The PSS is a 10-item survey in which answers are on a 0-to-4-point sca…”
Stress, coping, and perceived academic goal progress in first-generation college students: The role of institutional supports.
Garriott, P. O., & Nisle, S. (2018) · Journal of Diversity in Higher Education · doi:10.1037/dhe0000068 · Cited by 103
Association between perceived racism and physiological stress indices in Native Hawaiians
Kaholokula, J. K., Grandinetti, A., Keller, S., Nacapoy, A. H., Kingi, T. K., & Mau, M. K. L. M. (2011) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9330-z · Cited by 117
“The construct validity of the Perceived Stress Scale has been demonstrated in different populations (Cole 1999; Roberti et al. 2006).”
Background
Perceived Stress, Work-Related Burnout, and Working From Home Before and During COVID-19: An Examination of Workers in the United States
Hayes, S. W., Priestley, J., Moore, B. A., & Ray, H. E. (2021) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440211058193 · Cited by 98
“The PSS-10 has shown strong concurrent validity with the full scale (Lee, 2012; Roberti et al., 2006; Taylor, 2015).”
Background
Perceived stress, sensation seeking, and college students’ abuse of the Internet
Velezmoro, R., Lacefield, K., & Roberti, J. W. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.05.020 · Cited by 99
Self-citation
Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Goldberg, S. B., Imhoff-Smith, T., Bolt, D. M., Wilson-Mendenhall, C. D., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., & Rosenkranz, M. A. (2020) · doi:10.2196/preprints.23825 · Cited by 97
Perceived stress and cognitive function in older adults: which aspect of perceived stress is important?
Korten, N. C. M., Comijs, H. C., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & Deeg, D. J. H. (2016) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4486 · Cited by 95
Longitudinal impacts of emotion regulation on emerging adults: Variable- and person-centered approaches
Brewer, S. K., Zahniser, E., & Conley, C. S. (2016) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2016.09.002 · Cited by 115
How teacher and classmate support relate to students’ stress and academic achievement
Hoferichter, F., Kulakow, S., & Raufelder, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.992497 · Cited by 132
“Thereby, perceived helplessness reflects an individuals’ reaction to stress, whereas ability to cope emphasizes the self-assessed capability to cope with stressors (Roberti et al., 2006).”
Background
Effect of Perceived Academic Stress on Students' Performance
Khan, M. J., Altaf, S., & Kausar, H. (2013) · Cited by 94
Validity and reliability of the Cohen 10-item Perceived Stress Scale in patients with chronic headache: Persian version
Khalili, R., Nir, M. S., Ebadi, A., Tavallai, A., & Habibi, M. (2017) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2017.01.010 · Cited by 112
An Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS10) with Business and Accounting Students
Smith, K. J., Rosenberg, D. L., & Haight, G. T. (2014) · Accounting Perspectives · doi:10.1111/1911-3838.12023 · Cited by 103
“…on one and the positively worded items on the other.4 Previous researchers have attached various labels to these factors such as General Distress and Ability to Cope (Hewitt, Fleck, and Mosher, 1992), and Perceived Helplessness and Perceived SelfEfficacy (Roberti, Harrington, and Storch, 2006).”
Background
Holistic nursing in practice: Mindfulness-based yoga as an intervention to manage stress and burnout
Hilcove, K., Marceau, C., Thekdi, P., Larkey, L., Brewer, M. A., & Jones, K. (2021) · Journal of Holistic Nursing · doi:10.1177/0898010120921587 · Cited by 92
“A standardized tool for measuring perceived stress is the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Roberti et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Psychometric Analysis of the Perceived Stress Scale Among Healthy University Students
Anwer, S., Manzar, M. D., Alghadir, A. H., Salahuddin, M., & Abdul Hameed, U. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s268582 · Cited by 92
The Perceived Stress Scale for Children: A Pilot Study in a Sample of 153 Children
White, B. P. (2014) · International Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.12974/2311-8687.2014.02.02.4 · Cited by 92
“stress perception), this tool has been used widely in research for many years and is accepted as a pretty good snapshot of a person’s stress perception at any one moment in time, across a wide age span and in a variety of languages [27-29].”
Method
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Perceived Stress Scale‐4 in a Community Sample
Ingram, P. B., Clarke, E. W., & Lichtenberg, J. W. (2014) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2592 · Cited by 92
Driving with the Fishes
Paredes, P. E., Balters, S., Qian, K., Murnane, E. L., Ordóñez, F. J., Ju, W. G., & Landay, J. A. (2018) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3287062 · Cited by 84
“We used the Perceived Stress Scale to capture Stress levels from low = 0 to high = 10 [44].”
Method
Effects of team sports on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and sleep quality in college students
Johnston, S. A., Roskowski, C., He, Z., Kong, L., & Chen, W. (2020) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2019.1707836 · Cited by 102
“uring perception of stress, and previous studies have shown it to be reliable among college populations.(21) It was used in”
Result
Stress in mothers of children with autism: Trait mindfulness as a protective factor
Conner, C. M., & White, S. (2014) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.02.001 · Cited by 87
Effect of a WeChat-Based Intervention (Run4Love) on Depressive Symptoms Among People Living With HIV in China: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Guo, Y., Hong, Y. A., Cai, W., Li, L., Hao, Y., Qiao, J., Xu, Z., Zhang, H., Zeng, C., Liu, C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/16715 · Cited by 82
“A measure of stress was the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), with a range of 0 to 40 and a higher score indicating more stress [27].”
Artificial intelligence in prediction of mental health disorders induced by the COVID-19 pandemic among health care workers
Ćosić, K., Popović, S., Šarlija, M., Kesedžić, I., & Jovanović, T. (2020) · Croatian Medical Journal · doi:10.3325/cmj.2020.61.279 · Cited by 87
Pilot Study of Impact of Medical-Legal Partnership Services on Patients’ Perceived Stress and Wellbeing
Ryan, A. M., Kutob, R. M., Suther, E., Hansen, M., & Sandel, M. T. (2012) · Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved · doi:10.1353/hpu.2012.0179 · Cited by 79
Alliance with an unguided smartphone app: validation of the digital working alliance inventory
Goldberg, S. B., Baldwin, S. A., Riordan, K. M., Torous, J., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., & Hirshberg, M. J. (2022) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911211015310 · Cited by 74
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) psychometric properties in migrants and native Germans
Bastianon, C. D., Klein, E. M., Tibubos, A. N., Brähler, E., Beutel, M. E., & Petrowski, K. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02851-2 · Cited by 87
“Roberti, Harrington and Storch [17] further supported the two-factor structure naming factor 1 perceived helplessness (PHS) and factor 2 perceived self-efficacy (PSES).”
BackgroundInfluential
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) in women experiencing infertility: A reliability and validity study
Maroufizadeh, S., Foroudifard, F., Navid, B., Ezabadi, Z., Sobati, B., & Samani, R. O. (2018) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2018.02.003 · Cited by 88
Maternal Childhood Adversity Associates With Frontoamygdala Connectivity in Neonates
Hendrix, C. L., Dilks, D. D., McKenna, B. G., Dunlop, A. L., Corwin, E. J., & Brennan, P. A. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.11.003 · Cited by 78
Depression symptoms during pregnancy: Evidence from Growing Up in New Zealand
Waldie, K. E., Peterson, E. R., D’Souza, S., Underwood, L., Pryor, J. E., Carr, P. A., Grant, C. C., & Morton, S. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.009 · Cited by 89
Motivation, Stress and Impact of Online Teaching on Italian Teachers during COVID-19
Toto, G. A., & Limone, P. (2021) · Computers · doi:10.3390/computers10060075 · Cited by 87
“[27] reported reliability estimates of 0.”
Resilience, stress and burnout in student midwives
Eaves, J. L., & Payne, N. (2019) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2019.05.012 · Cited by 73
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination intentions among mothers of children aged 9 to 12 years: a survey of the All Our Families cohort
Hetherington, E., Edwards, S. A., MacDonald, S. E., Racine, N. M., Madigan, S. L., McDonald, S., & Tough, S. (2021) · CMAJ Open · doi:10.9778/cmajo.20200302 · Cited by 73

Authors: Roberti, J. W., Harrington, L. N., & Storch, E. A.
Affiliations: New College of Florida (US)
University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author: Roberti, Jonathan W.
ORCID: Storch, Eric A.
Venue: Journal of College Counseling
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-09
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Pages: 135-147
ISSN: 1099-0399 (ISSN-L)
2161-1882
DOI: 10.1002/j.2161-1882.2006.tb00100.x
OpenAlex: W2168766452
Cited by: 984
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 48 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 111 · 2021: 130 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 72 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 5.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 1939 d)
Locations: Journal of College Counseling (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-10, perceived stress, psychometric validation, factor structure, helplessness, self-efficacy, university students, reference values, internal consistency, construct validity

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Further psychometric support for the 10-item version of the Perceived Stress Scale

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