Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Goldberg, Simon B; Imhoff-Smith, Theodore; Bolt, Daniel M; Wilson-Mendenhall, Christine D; Dahl, Cortland J; Davidson, Richard J; Rosenkranz, Melissa A

doi:10.2196/preprints.23825

PreprintCited by 97Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsDigital Mental Health InterventionsMobile Health and mHealth Applications

Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

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Goldberg, Simon B, Imhoff-Smith, Theodore, Bolt, Daniel M, Wilson-Mendenhall, Christine D, Dahl, Cortland J, Davidson, Richard J, Rosenkranz, Melissa A·2020·JMIR Mental Health

DOI 10.2196/preprints.23825PMC PMC7732708

Preprint — published as 10.2196/23825 · Paper page

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest psychological benefits associated with meditation training delivered via mobile health. However, research in this area has primarily focused on mindfulness, only one of many meditative techniques. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 2 versions of a self-guided, smartphone-based meditation app—the Healthy Minds Program (HMP)—which includes training in mindfulness (Awareness), along with practices designed to cultivate positive relationships (Connection) or insight into the nature of the self (Insight). METHODS: A three-arm, fully remote RCT compared 8 weeks of one of 2 HMP conditions (Awareness+Connection and Awareness+Insight) with a waitlist control. Adults (≥18 years) without extensive previous meditation experience were eligible. The primary outcome was psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress). Secondary outcomes were social connection, empathy, compassion, self-reflection, insight, rumination, defusion, and mindfulness. Measures were completed at pretest, midtreatment, and posttest between October 2019 and April 2020. Longitudinal data were analyzed using intention-to-treat principles with maximum likelihood. RESULTS: A total of 343 participants were randomized and 186 (54.2%) completed at least one posttest assessment. The majority (166/228, 72.8%) of those assigned to HMP conditions downloaded the app. The 2 HMP conditions did not differ from one another in terms of changes in any outcome. Relative to the waitlist control, the HMP conditions showed larger improvements in distress, social connectedness, mindfulness, and measures theoretically linked to insight training (d=–0.28 to 0.41; P s≤.02), despite modest exposure to connection- and insight-related practice. The results were robust to some assumptions about nonrandom patterns of missing data. Improvements in distress were associated with days of use. Candidate mediators (social connection, insight, rumination, defusion, and mindfulness) and moderators (baseline rumination, defusion, and empathy) of changes in distress were identified. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides initial evidence of efficacy for the HMP app in reducing distress and improving outcomes related to well-being, including social connectedness. Future studies should attempt to increase study retention and user engagement. CLINICALTRIAL: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04139005; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04139005

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The hierarchical structure of empathy: Dimensional organization and relations to social functioning
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It matters what you practice: Differential training effects on subjective experience, behavior, brain and body in the ReSource Project
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Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for the treatment of current depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis
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Relationships between scores of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)
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The relationship between doses of mindfulness-based programs and depression, anxiety, stress, and mindfulness: A dose-response meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.
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Outcomes of Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Patients With Residual Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Segal, Z. V., Dimidjian, S., Beck, A., Boggs, J. M., Vanderkruik, R., Metcalf, C. A., Gallop, R., Felder, J. N., & Levy, J. (2020) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4693 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of the relationship between trait mindfulness and substance use behaviors
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Craving to quit: a randomized controlled trial of smartphone app-based mindfulness training for smoking cessation
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Digital mental health apps and the therapeutic alliance: initial review
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Phenomenological Fingerprints of Four Meditations: Differential State Changes in Affect, Mind-Wandering, Meta-Cognition, and Interoception Before and After Daily Practice Across 9 Months of Training
Kok, B. E., & Singer, T. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0594-9 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
A systematic review evaluating the psychometric properties of measures of social inclusion
Cordier, R., Milbourn, B. T., Martin, R., Buchanan, A., Chung, D., & Speyer, R. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179109 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
A randomised active-controlled trial to examine the effects of an online mindfulness intervention on executive control, critical thinking and key thinking dispositions in a university student sample
Noone, C., & Hogan, M. (2018) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-018-0226-3 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of the Demographic Characteristics of Participants in US-Based Randomized Controlled Trials of Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Waldron, E. M., Hong, S., Moskowitz, J. T., & Burnett-Zeigler, I. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0920-5 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
When mindfulness is therapy: Ethical qualms, historical perspectives.
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Can Acceptance, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion Be Learned by Smartphone Apps? A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Linardon, J. (2020) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.10.002 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
36, 40-41, 44, 47, 49-50, 53, 58, 62-63, 67-68, 71, 74, 83, 87-88, 90-91, 93-96, 99-100
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BodiMojo: Efficacy of a Mobile-Based Intervention in Improving Body Image and Self-Compassion among Adolescents
Rodgers, R. F., Donovan, E., Cousineau, T., Yates, K., McGowan, K., Cook, E., Lowy, A. S., & Franko, D. L. (2018) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-017-0804-3 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Efficacy and Moderation of Mobile App–Based Programs for Mindfulness-Based Training, Self-Compassion Training, and Cognitive Behavioral Psychoeducation on Mental Health: Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial
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The accuracy of passive phone sensors in predicting daily mood
Pratap, A., Atkins, D. C., Renn, B. N., Tanana, M. J., Mooney, S. D., Anguera, J. A., & Areán, P. A. (2019) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22822 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
The Drexel defusion scale: a new measure of experiential distancing
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The relationship between mindfulness and objective measures of body awareness: A meta-analysis
Treves, I. N., Tello, L. Y., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53978-6 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
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A note on socially desirable responding.
Tracey, T. J. G. (2016) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000135 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Compassion-focused therapy as guided self-help for enhancing public mental health: A randomized controlled trial.
Sommers‐Spijkerman, M., Trompetter, H. R., Schreurs, K. M. G., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000268 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Quality of life among women diagnosed with breast Cancer: A randomized waitlist controlled trial of commercially available mobile app‐delivered mindfulness training
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Effects of mindfulness training programmes delivered by a self-directed mobile app and by telephone compared with an education programme for survivors of critical illness: A pilot randomised clinical trial
Cox, C. E., Hough, C. L., Jones, D. M., Ungar, A., Reagan, W., Key, M. D., Gremore, T., Olsen, M. K., Sanders, L., Greeson, J. M., et al. (2019) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-211264 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
How Mindfulness Enhances Meaning in Life: A Meta-Analysis of Correlational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials
Chu, S. T.-W., & Mak, W. W. S. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01258-9 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of Ethnoracial Representation and Cultural Adaptation of Mindfulness- and Meditation-Based Interventions
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An Internet-Based Compassion-Focused Intervention for Increased Self-Criticism: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Krieger, T., Reber, F., von Glutz, B., Urech, A., Moser, C. T., Schulz, A., & Berger, T. (2018) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.08.003 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
A protocol for a randomised active-controlled trial to evaluate the effects of an online mindfulness intervention on executive control, critical thinking and key thinking dispositions in a university student sample
Noone, C., & Hogan, M. (2016) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-016-0122-7 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Correlates of FFMQ Mindfulness Facets
Mattes, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02684 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The secret ingredient in mindfulness interventions? A case for practice quality over quantity.
Goldberg, S. B., Re, A. C. D., Hoyt, W. T., & Davis, J. M. (2014) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000032 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
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Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression, Second Edition
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Prevalence of harm in mindfulness-based stress reduction
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Dispositional mindfulness as a positive predictor of psychological well-being and the role of the private self-consciousness insight factor
Harrington, R., Loffredo, D. A., & Perz, C. A. (2014) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.06.050 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Loving‐Kindness Meditation Effects on Well‐Being and Altruism: A Mixed‐Methods Online RCT
Galante, J., Bekkers, M., Mitchell, C., & Gallacher, J. (2016) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12074 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Compassion Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study
Lang, A. J., Malaktaris, A. L., Casmar, P. V., Baca, S. A., Golshan, S., Harrison, T., & Negi, L. T. (2019) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22397 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
‘Mind the gaps’: the accessibility and implementation of an effective depression relapse prevention programme in UK NHS services: learning from mindfulness-based cognitive therapy through a mixed-methods study
Rycroft‐Malone, J., Gradinger, F., Griffiths, H. O., Anderson, R., Crane, R. S., Gibson, A., Mercer, S. W., & Kuyken, W. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026244 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Enhanced With Mobile Technology (iQuit Mindfully): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Spears, C. A., Abroms, L. C., Glass, C. R., Hedeker, D., Eriksen, M. P., Cottrell-Daniels, C., Tran, B. Q., & Wetter, D. W. (2019) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/13059 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
A maturing mindfulness-based cognitive therapy reflects on two critical issues
Segal, Z., Dimidjian, S., Vanderkruik, R., & Levy, J. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.015 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)
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Accessibility and implementation in the UK NHS services of an effective depression relapse prevention programme: learning from mindfulness-based cognitive therapy through a mixed-methods study
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Pitfalls in General Pediatrics**Pitfalls numbers 153–161, 163, 165, 167, 169, 178, 180, 186, 197, 199, 201 and 202 were concurred in by both seminar and corresponding participants, and numbers 162, 166, 168, 170, 172–177, 179, 181–183, 185, 187–189, 191–196, 198, 200 and 203–207 by the seminar participants.
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Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy
Hazlett‐Stevens, H. (2017) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483365817.n851 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
PRO 30/55/010/001 - Autograph Letter from Lt Colonel Saml Birch
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PRO 30/55/015/034 - Autograph Letter
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Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
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Factors Influencing Adherence to mHealth Apps for Prevention or Management of Noncommunicable Diseases: Systematic Review
Jakob, R., Harperink, S., Rudolf, A. M., Fleisch, E., Haug, S., Mair, J. L., Salamanca-Sanabria, A., & Kowatsch, T. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/35371 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
The evolving field of digital mental health: current evidence and implementation issues for smartphone apps, generative artificial intelligence, and virtual reality
Torous, J., Linardon, J., Goldberg, S. B., Sun, S., Bell, I., Nicholas, J., Hassan, L., Hua, Y., Milton, A., & Firth, J. (2025) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21299 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
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The plasticity of well-being: A training-based framework for the cultivation of human flourishing
Dahl, C. J., Wilson‐Mendenhall, C. D., & Davidson, R. J. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2014859117 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
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Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States
Goldberg, S. B., Lam, S. U., Britton, W. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2022) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2021.1933646 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
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A randomized controlled trial of a smartphone-based well-being training in public school system employees during the COVID-19 pandemic
Hirshberg, M. J., Frye, C., Dahl, C. J., Riordan, K. M., Vack, N. J., Sachs, J., Goldman, R., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2022) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/edu0000739 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
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The efficacy of mindfulness apps on symptoms of depression and anxiety: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Linardon, J., Messer, M., Goldberg, S. B., & Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M. (2023) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102370 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
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A common factors perspective on mindfulness-based interventions
Goldberg, S. B. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00090-8 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
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Mindfulness-based online intervention increases well-being and decreases stress after Covid-19 lockdown
Bossi, F., Zaninotto, F., D’Arcangelo, S., Lattanzi, N., Malizia, A. P., & Ricciardi, E. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10361-2 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Alliance with an unguided smartphone app: validation of the digital working alliance inventory
Goldberg, S. B., Baldwin, S. A., Riordan, K. M., Torous, J., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., & Hirshberg, M. J. (2022) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911211015310 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
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Data Missing Not at Random in Mobile Health Research: Assessment of the Problem and a Case for Sensitivity Analyses
Goldberg, S. B., Bolt, D. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/26749 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
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Rates of attrition and engagement in randomized controlled trials of mindfulness apps: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Linardon, J. (2023) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2023.104421 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for ruminative thinking: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Mao, L., Li, P., Wu, Y., Luo, L., & Hu, M. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.022 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Mindfulness in Athletes
Anderson, S. A., Haraldsdottir, K., & Watson, D. (2021) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000919 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The efficacy of self-guided internet and mobile-based interventions for preventing anxiety and depression–A systematic review and meta-analysis
Edge, D., Watkins, E. R., Limond, J., & Mugadza, J. (2023) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2023.104292 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Virtual nature experiences and mindfulness practices while working from home during COVID-19: Effects on stress, focus, and creativity
Ch, N. A. N., Ansah, A. A., Katrahmani, A., Burmeister, J., Kun, A. L., Mills, C., Shaer, O., & Lee, J. D. (2022) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102982 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Meditation, mindfulness, and acceptance methods in psychotherapy: A systematic review
Goldberg, S. B., Anders, C., Stuart-Maver, S. L., & Kivlighan, D. M. (2023) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2023.2209694 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
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The impact of mindfulness apps on psychological processes of change: a systematic review
Macrynikola, N., Mir, Z., Gopal, T., Rodriguez, E., Li, S., Cox, M., Yeh, G. Y., & Torous, J. B. (2024) · npj Mental Health Research · doi:10.1038/s44184-023-00048-5 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Mobile-Based Mindfulness Interventions in Improving Mindfulness Skills and Psychological Outcomes for Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-regression
Tan, Z. Y. A., Wong, S. H., Cheng, L. J., & Lau, S. T. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01962-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Personalized Prediction of Response to Smartphone-Delivered Meditation Training: Randomized Controlled Trial
Webb, C. A., Hirshberg, M. J., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/41566 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
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Mindfulness Meditation Interventions for Long COVID: Biobehavioral Gene Expression and Neuroimmune Functioning
Porter, N. S., & Jason, L. A. (2022) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s379653 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Examining equity in access and utilization of a freely available meditation app
Jiwani, Z., Tatar, R., Dahl, C. J., Wilson‐Mendenhall, C. D., Hirshberg, M. J., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2023) · npj Mental Health Research · doi:10.1038/s44184-023-00025-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
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The Effects of Dose, Practice Habits, and Objects of Focus on Digital Meditation Effectiveness and Adherence: Longitudinal Study of 280,000 Digital Meditation Sessions Across 103 Countries
Cearns, M., & Clark, S. R. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/43358 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Association of Mindfulness with Perfectionism, Exercise Self-Efficacy, and Competitive State Anxiety in Injured Athletes Returning to Sports
Li, L., Jing, L., Liu, Y., Tang, Y., Wang, H., & Yang, J. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11202703 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Measuring Psychological Mechanisms in Meditation Practice: Using a Phenomenologically Grounded Classification System to Develop Theory-Based Composite Scores
Schlosser, M., Barnhofer, T., Requier, F., Deza-Araujo, Y. I., Abdoun, O., Marchant, N. L., Chételat, G., Collette, F., Klimecki, O., Antoine Lutz, A., et al. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-021-01816-0 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The meditation app revolution.
Creswell, J. D., & Goldberg, S. B. (2025) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0001576 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
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Mindfulness-Based App to Reduce Stress in Caregivers of Persons With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Protocol for a Single-Blind Feasibility Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial
Woodworth, E. C., Briskin, E. A., Plys, E., Macklin, E. A., Tatar, R., Huberty, J., & Vranceanu, A. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/50108 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Developing Self-Compassion Online: Assessing the Efficacy and Feasibility of a Brief Online Intervention
Northover, C., Deacon, J., King, J. A., & Irons, C. (2021) · OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.21926/obm.icm.2104056 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Efficacy of Digital Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Repetitive Negative Thinking: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Vargas-Nieto, J. C., Zambrano, D., Montorio, I., & Pineda, L. M. S. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02321-w · Cited by 17 · see citing works
At-Home use of App-Based Mindfulness for Children: A Randomized Active-Controlled Trial
Treves, I. N., Olson, H. A., Ozernov‐Palchik, O., Li, C. E., Wang, K. L., Arechiga, X. M., Goldberg, S. B., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02231-3 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
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Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention and a health self-management programme on psychological well-being in older adults with subjective cognitive decline: Secondary analyses from the SCD-Well randomised clinical trial
Schlosser, M., Demnitz‐King, H., Barnhofer, T., Collette, F., Gonneaud, J., Chételat, G., Jessen, F., Kliegel, M., Klimecki, O., Antoine Lutz, A., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0295175 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
A neuroscience perspective on the plasticity of the social and relational brain
Singer, T. (2025) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.15319 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
How often should I meditate? A randomized trial examining the role of meditation frequency when total amount of meditation is held constant.
Riordan, K. M., Simonsson, O., Frye, C. J., Vack, N. J., Sachs, J., Fitch, D., Goldman, R. I., Chiang, E. S., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000725 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Is Dosage of a Meditation App Associated With Changes in Psychological Distress? It Depends on How You Ask
Goldberg, S. B., Kendall, A. D., Hirshberg, M. J., Dahl, C. J., Nahum-Shani, I. B., Davidson, R. J., & Bray, B. C. (2024) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026241266567 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
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Mindfulness-Enhanced Computerized Cognitive Training for Depression: An Integrative Review and Proposed Model Targeting the Cognitive Control and Default-Mode Networks
Bursky, M., Egglefield, D. A., Schiff, S., Premnath, P. Y., & Sneed, J. R. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12050663 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ecological Momentary Assessment as a Measure of Intervention Change: Evaluation in 4 Digital Mental Health Trials
Webb, C. A., Hilt, L. M., Swords, C. M., Bolt, D. M., Fisher, H., & Goldberg, S. B. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/69297 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Understanding the Implementation of Informal Meditation Practice in a Smartphone-Based Intervention: A Qualitative Analysis
Xie, Q., Dyer, R. L., Lam, S. U., Frye, C. J., Dahl, C. J., Quanbeck, A., Nahum-Shani, I. B., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02304-x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Digital Well-Being Training With Health Care Professionals
Hirshberg, M. J., Davidson, R. J., Arrisueño, L. B. V., Puentes, J. M. O., Bardalez, X. M., Gonzalez, B. S., Goldberg, S. B., Chernicoff, L. I., HCP-Well Study Group, Marroquín-Escamilla, A. R., et al. (2025) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.3888 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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A Qualitative Study Exploring the Impact the Self-Compassion App Has on Levels of Compassion, Self-Criticism, and Wellbeing
Beaumont, E., Irons, C., & McAndrew, S. (2022) · OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.21926/obm.icm.2203045 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Investigating the relationship between mindfulness, stress and creativity in introductory engineering design
Nolte, H., Zurita, N. F. S., Starkey, E. M., & McComb, C. (2023) · Design Science · doi:10.1017/dsj.2023.20 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Examining the Effects of a Brief, Fully Self-Guided Mindfulness Ecological Momentary Intervention on Empathy and Theory-of-Mind for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial
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Authors: Goldberg, S. B., Imhoff-Smith, T., Bolt, D. M., Wilson-Mendenhall, C. D., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., & Rosenkranz, M. A.
Affiliations: University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author: Goldberg, Simon B
ORCID: Goldberg, Simon B
Imhoff-Smith, Theodore
Bolt, Daniel M
Wilson-Mendenhall, Christine D
Dahl, Cortland J
Davidson, Richard J
Rosenkranz, Melissa A
Venue: JMIR Mental Health
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Published: 2020-08-28
Volume: 7
Issue: 11
Pages: e23825-e23825
ISSN: 2368-7959 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2196/preprints.23825
PMC: PMC7732708
OpenAlex: W3107022472
Cited by: 97
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 1
FWCI: 4.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: JMIR Mental Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (UL1TR002373)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K23AT010879)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
Keywords: meditation apps, mobile health, mindfulness, psychological distress, depression, anxiety, stress, social connectedness, empathy, compassion, self-reflection, rumination, defusion, app engagement, user retention, meditation training, well-being, mediating and moderating effects, remote intervention, mobile application, insight

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Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

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