Estrogen differentially regulates expression of Per1 and Per2 genes between central and peripheral clocks and between reproductive and nonreproductive tissues in female rats
Abstract
Although it has long been established that estrogen alters circadian rhythms in behavior, physiology, and reproductive functions in mammals, the molecular mechanism for these effects remains unknown. To explore the possibility that estrogen affects circadian rhythms by changing the expression of clock-related genes, we investigated the effects of chronic treatment with 17beta-estradiol (E2) on the expression of Per1 and Per2 genes in the brain (suprachiasmatic nucleus and cerebral cortex) and periphery (liver, kidney, and uterus) of ovariectomized rats by means of in situ hybridization and northern blotting. In the brain, E2 treatment advanced the peak of Per2 mRNA expression in the SCN; however, it failed to affect the rhythm of Per2 mRNA expression in the CX and Per1 mRNA expression in both the SCN and the CX. In nonreproductive peripheral tissues (liver and kidney), E2 delayed the phase and increased the amplitude of Per1 mRNA expression. In the reproductive tissues (uterus), biphasic rhythms in Per1 and Per2 mRNA were observed after E2 treatment. These findings suggest that the effects of estrogen are different between central and peripheral clock in the brain, and between reproductive and nonreproductive tissues in the periphery.
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- Authors
- Nakamura, T. J., Moriya, T., Inoue, S., Shimazoe, T., Watanabe, S., Ebihara, S., & Shinohara, K.
- Affiliations
- Nagasaki University (JP)
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Shinohara, Kazuyuki
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroscience Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-11-04
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 622-630
- ISSN
- 0360-4012 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4547
- OpenAlex
- W2010394258
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- estrogen, estradiol, circadian clock, Per1, Per2, clock gene expression, suprachiasmatic nucleus, cerebral cortex, liver, kidney, uterus, ovariectomy, reproductive tissues, phase shift, female rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Clocks, Cerebral Cortex, Circadian Rhythm, Estrogens, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Kidney, Liver, Nuclear Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Transcription Factors, Uterus, Rats, Wistar, Cell Cycle Proteins, Estrous Cycle, Rats, Period Circadian Proteins
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