Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes
Open accessAbstract
Aims/hypothesis There is evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment. Most studies investigating this association have evaluated elderly individuals, after many years of diabetes, who generally have poor glycaemic control and significant vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the early cognitive consequences and associated brain correlates of type 2 diabetes.Materials and methods With regard to cognition and brain measures, we compared 23 age-, sex- and education-matched control subjects with 23 mostly middle-aged individuals with relatively well-controlled diabetes of less than 10 years from the time of diagnosis.Results We found deficits in hippocampal-based memory performance and preservation of other cognitive domains. Relative to control subjects, individuals with diabetes had reductions in brain volumes that were restricted to the hippocampus. There was an inverse relationship between glycaemic control and hippocampal volume; in multivariate regression analysis, HbA(1c) was the only significant predictor of hippocampal volume, accounting for 33% of the observed variance. Other variables commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as elevated BMI, hypertension or dyslipidaemia, did not independently contribute to the variance in hippocampal volume.Conclusions/interpretation These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent.
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Outright Type 2 diabetes and poor glucose control as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin is associated with reduced hippocampal volume.
“Outright Type 2 diabetes and poor glucose control as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin is associated with reduced hippocampal volume (Gold et al., 2007).”
From Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators (2008) · cites this paper as Gold et al., 2007
Diabetes is associated with decreased hippocampal volume.
“decreased hippocampal volume,88”
From Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Disruption (2015) · cites this paper as [88]
Dysregulation of metabolism as in Type 2 diabetes has deleterious effects on the brain.
“For example, dysregulation of metabolism as in Type 2 diabetes has deleterious effects on the brain.49”
From Socio‐economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load (2010) · cites this paper as [49]
Elevated HPA and cardiovascular parameters are linked to poor cognitive functioning.
“Elevated HPA and cardiovascular parameters have also been linked to poor cognitive functioning in many studies.29,31,[49][50][51][52][53][54]”
From Socio‐economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load (2010) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Gold, S. M., Dziobek, I., Sweat, V., Tirsi, A., Rogers, K., Bruehl, H., Tsui, W., Richardson, S., Javier, E., & Convit, A.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Convit, A.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2007-02-14
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 711-719
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2030265072
- Cited by
- 489
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 15.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- York University
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P30 AG 08051, P30AG008051)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK064087, DK 064087)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR 00096, M01 RR 00096, M01RR000096, DK064087)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, hippocampal volume, memory impairment, cognitive impairment, glycemic control, HbA1c, medial temporal lobe, brain volume, middle-aged adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Brain, Brain Diseases, Cognition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Diabetes Complications
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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