A systematic review of research findings on the efficacy of interpersonal therapy for depressive disorders
Abstract
Objective Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited psychotherapy for major depression. The aim of this study is to summarize findings from controlled trials of the efficacy of IPT in the treatment of depressive spectrum disorders (DSD) using a meta-analytic approach.Methods Studies of randomized clinical trials of IPT efficacy were located by searching all available data bases from 1974 to 2002. The searches employed the following MeSH categories: Depression/ Depressive Disorder; Interpersonal therapy; Outcome/Adverse Effects/Efficacy; in the identified studies. The efficacy outcomes were: remission; clinical improvement; the difference in depressive symptoms between the two arms of the trial at endpoint, and no recurrence. Drop out rates were used as an index of treatment acceptability.Results Thirteen studies fulfilled inclusion criteria and four meta-analyses were performed. IPT was superior in efficacy to placebo in nine studies (Weight Mean Difference (WMD) - 3.57 [-5.9, -1.16]). The combination of IPT and medication did not show an adjunctive effect compared to medication alone for acute treatment (RR 0.78 [0.30, 2.04]), for maintenance treatment (RR 1.01 [0.81, 1.25]), or for prophylactic treatment (RR 0.70 [0.30, 1.65]). IPT was significantly better than CBT (WMD -2.16 [-4.16,-0.15]).Conclusion The efficacy of IPT proved to be superior to placebo, similar to medication and did not increase when combined with medication. Overall, IPT was more efficacious than CBT. Current evidence indicates that IPT is an efficacious psychotherapy for DSD and may be superior to some other manualized psychotherapies.
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IPT is considered a leading psychotherapeutic treatment for depression.
“IPT is considered a leading psychotherapeutic treatment for depression (Cuijpers, van Straten, Andersson, & van Oppen, 2008; de Mello, de Jesus Mari, Bacaltchuk, Verdeli, & Neugebauer, 2005; Schramm et al., 2008).”
From Sudanese Refugees in Cairo, Egypt: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Trauma, Depression and Interpersonal Violence: (517292011-807) (2009) · cites this paper as de Mello, de Jesus Mari, Bacaltchuk, Verdeli, & Neugebauer, 2005
Published data available prior to this study indicated a reduction of symptoms with application of IPT and no reports of adverse effects.
“the published data available prior to this study indicated a reduction of symptoms with application of IPT and no reports of adverse effects (Bass et al., 2006; Bleiberg & Markowitz, 2005; de Mello et al., 2005; Krupnick et al., 2008; Verdeli et al., 2008).”
From Sudanese Refugees in Cairo, Egypt: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Trauma, Depression and Interpersonal Violence: (517292011-807) (2009) · cites this paper as de Mello et al., 2005
The success of IPT with depression symptoms is consistent with previous studies, including those with refugee populations.
“The success of IPT with depression symptoms is consistent with previous studies, including those with refugee populations (Bass et al., 2006; de Mello et al., 2005).”
From Sudanese Refugees in Cairo, Egypt: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Trauma, Depression and Interpersonal Violence: (517292011-807) (2009) · cites this paper as de Mello et al., 2005
IPT is an efficacious way of improving symptoms of depression.
“as an efficacious way of improving symptoms of depression [40].”
From Apps with maps-anxiety and depression mobile apps with evidence-based frameworks: Systematic search of major app stores (2020) · cites this paper as [40]
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Die COVID-19-Pandemie als Herausforderung für die psychische Gesundheit
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Marshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. (2020) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/16525 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“Interpersonal therapy (IPT) involves interventions designed to improve current interpersonal relationships and social dysfunction, rather than focusing on personality, as an efficacious way of improving symptoms of depression [40].”
BackgroundClinical practice recommendations for depression
Malhi, G. S., Adams, D., Porter, R., Wignall, A., Lampe, L. A., O’Connor, N., Paton, M. B., Newton, L., Walter, G., Taylor, A., et al. (2009) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01382.x · Cited by 93 · see citing works
“Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) Level I (42, 43) Level III (113) IPT emphasizes the correlation between depression and the social environment.”
BackgroundPsychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Pollok, J., van Agteren, J. E., Esterman, A. J., & Carson‐Chahhoud, K. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012347.pub2 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Mental Health and Older Adults
Lee, H. Y., Hasenbein, W., & Gibson, P. (2020) · Encyclopedia of Social Work · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.1355 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Bellino, S., Zizza, M., Rinaldi, C., & Bogetto, F. (2006) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370605100707 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“This finding is concordant with a recent metaanalysis conducted by de Mello and others who considered studies of combined therapy using IPT, compared with pharmacotherapy alone, in depressive disorders (18).”
ResultCiarrochi, J., Sahdra, B., Hofmann, S. G., & Hayes, S. C. (2022) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.02.001 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“Consistent with interpersonal therapies (de Mello, de Jesus Mari, Bacaltchuk, Verdeli, & Neugebauer, 2005; Maitland, 2015; Tsai et al., 2009), the social process item, Hurt my connection with people that are important to me , was a top predictor of negative outcomes, especially of anger and lack of…”
van Hees, M. L. J. M., Rotter, T., Ellermann, T., & Evers, S. M. A. A. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-22 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Treating depression with the evidence‐based psychotherapies: a critique of the evidence
Parker, G. B., & Fletcher, K. (2007) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01007.x · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Systematic review and meta-analyses of psychosocial interventions for veterans of the military
Kitchiner, N., Roberts, N. P., Wilcox, D., & Bisson, J. (2012) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.3402/ejpt.v3i0.19267 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Is group psychotherapy effective in older adults with depression? A systematic review
Krishna, M., Jauhari, A., Lepping, P., Turner, J., Crossley, D., & Krishnamoorthy, A. (2011) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2546 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Heterogeneity moderates treatment response among patients with binge eating disorder.
Sysko, R., Hildebrandt, T., Wilson, G. T., Wilfley, D. E., & Agras, W. S. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0019735 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Meffert, S. M., Abdo, A. O., Alla, O. A. A., Elmakki, Y. O. M., Omer, A. A., Yousif, S., Metzler, T. J., & Marmar, C. R. (2014) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0023540 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“The success of IPT with depression symptoms is consistent with previous studies, including those with refugee populations (Bass et al., 2006; de Mello et al., 2005).”
MethodResultPredictors of Early Dropout From Psychotherapy for Depression in Community Practice
Simon, G. E., & Ludman, E. J. (2010) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.2010.61.7.684 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Härter, M. C., Klesse, C., Bermejo, I., Schneider, F. W., & Berger, T. (2010) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0700 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Emerging interventions for PTSD: Future directions for clinical care and research
Bomyea, J. A., & Lang, A. J. (2011) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.05.028 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Interpersonal therapy (IPT; Weissman et al., 2007; Markowitz et al., 2009) is an empirically supported treatment originally developed to modify the social context of individuals with depression (e.g., de Mello et al., 2005).”
Pu, J., Zhou, X., Liu, L., Zhang, Y., Yang, L., Yuan, S., Zhang, H., Han, Y. K., Zou, D., & Xie, P. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.023 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“…outcomes than control conditions in various patients with depression, including adults and adolescents (Cohen’s d = 0.63; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.90) (Cuijpers et al., 2011; de Mello et al., 2005), and compared with supportive therapy with adults (d = −0.30; 95% CI −0.54 to −0.05) (Barth et al., 2013).”
MethodResultInfluentialChu, C., Walker, K. L., Stanley, I. H., Hirsch, J. K., Greenberg, J. H., Rudd, M. D., & Joiner, T. E. (2018) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000152 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Lange, K. W. (2021) · Global Health Journal · doi:10.1016/j.glohj.2021.07.001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Evidence-Based, Non-Pharmacological Treatment Guideline for Depression in Korea
Park, S., Oh, H. S., Oh, D.-H., Jung, S. A., Na, K., Lee, H.-Y., Rh, K., Choi, Y., Lee, M., & Park, Y. C. (2014) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2014.29.1.12 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“, 2005 (50) 1+ 13 Dysthymia, MDD (postpartum), Double depression, Major depression, Recurrent major depression, Mood disorder Neurotic depression (DSM-II) IPT, Medication (moclobemide, sertraline, nortriptyline, imipramine, amitriptyline), Placebo, CBT IPT alone vs medication, IPT+medication (combined therapy) vs medi…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialChiesa, A., Brambilla, P., & Serretti, A. (2010) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1601-5215.2010.00460.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“The findings related to psychotherapy focused on approved and well established psychotherapeutic interventions such as CBT and BT for mood and anxiety disorders (27–32), interpersonal therapy (IPT) for major depression (MD) (33) and eye movement desensitisation therapy (EMDR) for posttraumatic stress disorder (34).”
BackgroundOlder Adults With Severe, Treatment-Resistant Depression
Unützer, J., & Park, M. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/2012.jama.10690 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Multidisciplinary intervention in the treatment of mixed anxiety and depression disorder
Clemente‐Suárez, V. J. (2020) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112858 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Fordham, B., Sugavanam, T., Edwards, K., Hemming, K., Howick, J., Copsey, B. J., Lee, H., Kaidesoja, M., Kirtley, S., Hopewell, S., et al. (2021) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta25090 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Baghai, T. C., Blier, P., Baldwin, D. S., Bauer, M., Goodwin, G. M., Fountoulakis, K. Ν., Kasper, S. F., Leonard, B. E., Malt, U. F., Stein, D. J., et al. (2011) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-011-0259-6 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Wahle, F., Bollhalder, L., Kowatsch, T., & Fleisch, E. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7381 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“These included (1) psychotherapy (eg, cognitive behavioral therapy [22], interpersonal therapy [23], problem-solving therapy [24], supportive therapy [25]), (2) psychoeducation [26], and (3) exercise/physical activity [27] which showed results on par with a pharmacological treatment.”
BackgroundBellino, S., Rinaldi, C., & Bogetto, F. (2010) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371005500203 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Chen, T., Li, H., & Li, J. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-189 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Kohrt, B. A., Maharjan, S. M., Timsina, D., & Griffith, J. L. (2012) · Annals of Anthropological Practice · doi:10.1111/j.2153-9588.2012.01094.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Social Phobia: An Update on Treatment
Jørstad‐Stein, E. C., & Heimberg, R. G. (2009) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2009.05.003 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Interpersonal psychotherapy for depression? The need to define its ecological niche
Parker, G. B., Parker, I., Brotchie, H., & Stuart, S. P. (2006) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.03.019 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“A meta-analysis by de Mello et al. (2005) considered a refined set of 13 studies, with the criterion diagnosis being major depression in eight, neurotic depression in one, dysthymia in two, major depression/ dysthymia/double depression in one, and ‘mood disorder’ in the remaining study.”
MethodOptimizing the management of depression: primary care experience
Cameron, C., Habert, J., Anand, L., & Furtado, M. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(14)70005-8 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Patient-reported outcomes before and after treatment of major depressive disorder
IsHak, W. W., Mirocha, J., Pi, S., Tobia, G., Becker, B., Peselow, E. D., & Cohen, R. M. (2014) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2014.16.2/rcohen · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed older adults
Hinrichsen, G. A., & Clougherty, K. F. (2006) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.44-1233 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Comparing Bona Fide Psychotherapies of Depression in Adults with Two Meta-Analytical Approaches
Braun, S. R., Gregor, B., & Tran, U. S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068135 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“Cast into numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT; using [37]), the NNT was 9 (95% confidence interval = [6,36]) in these studies for one extra patient to achieve a clinically significant change when treated with another treatment compared to supportive therapy.”
BackgroundMethodMasked facial affect priming is associated with therapy response in clinical depression
Dannlowski, U., Kersting, A., Donges, U., Lalee-Mentzel, J., Arolt, V., & Suslow, T. (2005) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-005-0628-0 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Treatment of Depressive Disorders
Bschor, T., & Adli, M. (2008) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2008.0782 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Systematic Review of the Effects of Religion-Accommodative Psychotherapy for Depression and Anxiety
Paukert, A. L., Phillips, L. L., Cully, J. A., Romero, C., & Stanley, M. A. (2010) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-010-9154-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Psychotherapy is an effective method of treating anxiety and depression for many individuals (de Maat et al. 2007; Otto et al. 2004) but reviews indicate that only about 50% of those treated show clinically significant reductions in symptoms (e.g., Westen and Morrison 2001), and there is a significant attrition rate (…”
MethodHautzinger, M. (2008) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-008-0510-0 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Psychological therapies for preventing seasonal affective disorder
Forneris, C. A., Nußbaumer-Streit, B., Kaminski-Hartenthaler, A., Morgan, L. C., Gaynes, B. N., Sonis, J. H., Greenblatt, A. M., Wipplinger, J., Lux, L. J., Winkler, D., et al. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011270.pub2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Jiang, R. F., Tong, H. Q., Delucchi, K., Neylan, T. C., Shi, Q., & Meffert, S. M. (2014) · Conflict and Health · doi:10.1186/1752-1505-8-14 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“[12,13].”
Psychological Characteristics of Problem Gamblers with and without Mood Disorder
Lister, J. J., Milosevic, A., & Ledgerwood, D. M. (2015) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371506000806 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Linardon, J., Fitzsimmons‐Craft, E. E., Brennan, L., Barillaro, M., & Wilfley, D. E. (2018) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2018.1497215 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Based on two earlier and smaller meta-analyses of IPT (Cuijpers et al., 2008; de Mello et al., 2005), we predicted that there would be no differences in dropout rates between the conditions.”
ResultBennett, R. J., Meyer, C., Ryan, B., & Eikelboom, R. H. (2020) · Ear and Hearing · doi:10.1097/aud.0000000000000887 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Maternal Depression and Early Intervention
Alvarez, S. L., Meltzer-Brody, S. E., Mandel, M. A., & Beeber, L. S. (2014) · Infants & Young Children · doi:10.1097/iyc.0000000000000024 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Grigoriadis, S., & Ravitz, P. (2007) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Vollmann, M., Scharloo, M., Salewski, C., Dienst, A., Schonauer, K., & Renner, B. (2010) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.01.075 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“With respect to implications for treatment, addressing interpersonal problems in psychotherapy has been found to be among the most effective treatments of depression ((uijpers et aL, 2008; de Mello et aI., 2005).”
BackgroundShared Dysregulation of Homeostatic Brain-Body Pathways in Depression and Type 2 Diabetes
Hoogendoorn, C. J., Delgado, J. F. R., & Gonzalez, J. S. (2017) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-017-0923-y · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Mychailyszyn, M. P., & Elson, D. M. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.02.011 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“The meta-analysis by de Mello et al. (2005) only included two studies exclusively sampling adolescents and lacked conclusions about IPT-A.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialPharmacologic management of adult depression.
Adams, S., Miller, K. E., & Zylstra, R. G. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bellino, S., Zizza, M., Rinaldi, C., & Bogetto, F. (2007) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370705201106 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Weerasekera, P., Manring, J., & Lynn, D. J. (2010) · Academic Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ap.34.1.5 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“With respect to non-cognitive behavior based therapies, moderate to large effect sizes have been found for interpersonal therapy for depressed patients (32), with some evidence showing a differential response for patients with specific psychosocial stressors and “obsessional” personality traits (33) and fewer dropouts…”
BackgroundSalihu, D., Kwan, R. Y. C., & Wong, E. M. L. (2021) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101467 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Rajasekharan, R., Philip, E., Madhavan, A., Arun, K. B., Binod, P., Pugazhendhi, A., Awasthi, M. K., Gnansounou, E., Pandey, A., & Sindhu, R. (2021) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.101855 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“…such as blood vessel growth, breast prostheses, urethral catheters, adhesion, arti cial skin, articular cartilage repair, barrier, drug release systems, regeneration of dura-meter and gum, diagnostics and testing , etc (Torriani et al. 1990; Feijo et al. 2005; Negro et al. 2006; Bhat et al. 2018).”
BackgroundFuhr, K., Reitenbach, I., Kraemer, J., Hautzinger, M., & Meyer, T. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.021 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Through a Glass Darkly: The Disutility of the DSM Nosology of Depressive Disorders
Parker, G. B. (2006) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370605101403 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Interventions in Chinese Undergraduate Students’ Mental Health: Systematic Review
Shan, Y., Ji, M., Xie, W., Li, R., Qian, X., Zhang, X., & Hao, T. (2022) · Interactive Journal of Medical Research · doi:10.2196/38249 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“Several therapies have showed effects on par with those of pharmacological treatment [35], including psychotherapy [36], interpersonal therapy [37], problem-solving therapy [38], supportive therapy [39], psychoeducation [40], and exercise/physical activity [41].”
BackgroundPTSD, Depressive Symptoms, and Suicidal Ideation in African American Women: A Mediated Model
Carr, E. R., Woods, A. M., Vahabzadeh, A. B. N., Sutton, C., Wittenauer, J., & Kaslow, N. J. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-012-9316-1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Nejati, V., Salehinejad, M. A., Shahidi, N., & Abedin, A. (2017) · Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.npbr.2017.05.003 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
James, B., Jenkins, R., Lawani, A., & Omoaregba, J. O. (2012) · South African Family Practice · doi:10.1080/20786204.2012.10874176 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Wolff, J., Reißner, P., Hefner, G., Normann, C., Kaier, K., Binder, H., Hiemke, C., Toto, S., Domschke, K., Marschollek, M., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255192 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Rejection Sensitivity and College Student Depression: Findings and Implications for Counseling
Mellin, E. A. (2008) · Journal of College Counseling · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1882.2008.tb00022.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“The test-retest reliability in Downey and Feldman's (1996) initial study with undergraduates on the RSQ indicated a reliability coefficient of .”
MethodEmerging treatments for depression
Holtzheimer, P. E., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2006) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.7.17.2323 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“3 Psychotherapy Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) have demonstrated clear antidepressant efficacy in multiple controlled trials [19-21].”
BackgroundDepression and Prolonged Grief in the Wake of Disasters
Maguen, S., Neria, Y., Conoscenti, L. M., & Litz, B. T. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511730030.007 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
- Authors
- de Mello, M. F., de Jesus Mari, J., Bacaltchuk, J., Verdeli, H., & Neugebauer, R.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Columbia University (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- ORCID
- Verdeli, H.
- Venue
- European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
- Published
- 2004-11-12
- Volume
- 255
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 75-82
- ISSN
- 0003-9373 (ISSN-L)
- 0940-1334
- 1433-8491
- OpenAlex
- W2038051420
- Cited by
- 346
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNIFESP Institutional Repository (Universidade Federal de São Paulo) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- interpersonal psychotherapy, depressive disorders, major depressive disorder, psychotherapy efficacy, placebo comparison, cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressant combination therapy, maintenance therapy, prophylaxis, remission, treatment discontinuation, treatment acceptability
- MeSH terms
- Antidepressive Agents, Combined Modality Therapy, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy
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