Effects of treatment duration and severity of depression on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy
Abstract
A total of 117 depressed clients, stratified for severity, completed 8 or 16 sessions of manualized treatment, either cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy (CB) or psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy (PI). Each of 5 clinician-investigators treated clients in all 4 treatment conditions. On most measures, CB and PI were equally effective, irrespective of the severity of depression or the duration of treatment. However, there was evidence of some advantage to CB on the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, 1961). There was no evidence that CB's effects were more rapid than those of PI, nor did the effects of each treatment method vary according to the severity of depression. There was no overall advantage to 16-session treatment over 8-session treatment. However, those presenting with relatively severe depression improved substantially more after 16 than after 8 sessions.
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One year after completing treatment in Shapiro et al.'s study, patients who had received 8 sessions of PIT did worse on almost all measures compared with the other three treatment conditions (8-session CBT, 16-session PIT, and 16-session CBT).
“However, 1 year after completing treatment, patients who had received 8 sessions of PIT did worse on almost all measures compared with the other three treatment conditions (8-session CBT, 16-session PIT, and 16-session CBT).”
From The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses (2006) · cites this paper as Shapiro et al., 1994
At the end of treatment in Shapiro et al.'s study, CBT and PIT were equally effective for depression.
“At the end of treatment CBT and PIT were equally effective (Shapiro et al., 1994).”
From The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses (2006) · cites this paper as Shapiro et al., 1994
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- Authors
- Shapiro, D. A., Barkham, M., Rees, A., Hardy, G. E., Reynolds, S., & Startup, M.
- Affiliations
- Economic and Social Research Council (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 1994-06
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 522-534
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2042379575
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 23.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Disorders
- Keywords
- depression, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment duration, depression severity, brief psychotherapy, treatment effectiveness, manualized psychotherapy, Beck Depression Inventory
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Psychoanalytic Therapy, Time Factors, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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