Cited by 27Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsHeart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlHealth, psychology, and well-being

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Mindfulness-Based Weight Loss Intervention on Cardiovascular Reactivity to Social-Evaluative Threat Among Adults with Obesity

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Daubenmier, Jennifer, Epel, Elissa S., Moran, Patricia J., Thompson, Jason, Mason, Ashley E., Acree, Michael, Goldman, Veronica, Kristeller, Jean +2 more·2019·Mindfulness

Abstract

Objective Mindfulness-based interventions have been found to reduce psychological and physiological stress reactivity. In obesity, however, stress reactivity is complex, with studies showing both exaggerated and blunted physiological responses to stressors. A nuanced view of stress reactivity is the "challenge and threat" framework, which defines adaptive and maladaptive patterns of psychophysiological stress reactivity. We hypothesized that mindfulness training would facilitate increased challenge-related appraisals, emotions, and cardiovascular reactivity, including sympathetic nervous system activation paired with increased cardiac output (CO) and reduced total peripheral resistance (TPR) compared to a control group, which would exhibit an increased threat pattern of psychophysiological reactivity to repeated stressors.Methods Adults (N=194) with obesity were randomized to a 5.5-month mindfulness-based weight loss intervention or an active control condition with identical diet-exercise guidelines. Participants were assessed at baseline and 4.5 months later using the Trier Social Stress Task. Electrocardiogram, impedance cardiography, and blood pressure were acquired at rest and during the speech and verbal arithmetic tasks to assess pre-ejection period (PEP), CO, and TPR reactivity.Results Mindfulness participants showed significantly greater maintenance of challenge-related emotions and cardiovascular reactivity patterns (higher CO and lower TPR) from pre to post-intervention compared to control participants, but groups did not differ in PEP. Findings were independent of changes in body mass index.Conclusions Mindfulness training may increase the ability to maintain a positive outlook and mount adaptive cardiovascular responses to repeated stressors among persons with obesity though findings need to be replicated in other populations and using other forms of mindfulness interventions.

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Authors
Daubenmier, J., Epel, E. S., Moran, P. J., Thompson, J., Mason, A. E., Acree, M., Goldman, V., Kristeller, J., Hecht, F. M., & Mendes, W. B.
Affiliations
  • San Francisco State University (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Osher Center for Integrative Medicine (US)
  • Indiana State University (US)
Corresponding author
Daubenmier, Jennifer
Venue
Mindfulness
Published
2019-09-10
Volume
10
Issue
12
Pages
2583-2595
ISSN
  • 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
  • 1868-8535
OpenAlex
W2972396633
Cited by
27
References
73
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5
FWCI
2.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Mindfulness (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (K01AT004199, P01AT005013, K24AT007827)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR000004)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
Keywords
obesity, cardiovascular reactivity, social stress, sympathetic activation, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, pre-ejection period, Trier Social Stress Test, stress appraisal, weight loss

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