Cited by 216Neurological disorders and treatmentsTreatment of Major DepressionObsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders

Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: systematic review of clinical outcomes

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Morishita, Takashi, Fayad, Sarah M., Higuchi, Masa-aki, Nestor, Kelsey A., Foote, Kelly D.·2014·Neurotherapeutics

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread, severe, debilitating disorder that markedly diminishes quality of life. Medication is commonly effective, but 20-30 % of patients are refractory to medical therapy. The surgical treatment of psychiatric disorders has a negative stigma associated with it owing to historical abuses. Various ablative surgeries for MDD have been attempted with marginal success, but these studies lacked standardized outcome measures. The recent development of neuromodulation therapy, especially deep brain stimulation (DBS), has enabled controlled studies with sham stimulation and presents a potential therapeutic option that is both reversible and adjustable. We performed a systematic review of the literature pertaining to DBS for treatment-resistant depression to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this procedure. We included only studies using validated outcome measures. Our review identified 22 clinical research papers with 5 unique DBS approaches using different targets, including nucleus accumbens, ventral striatum/ventral capsule, subgenual cingulate cortex, lateral habenula, inferior thalamic nucleus, and medial forebrain bundle. Among the 22 published studies, only 3 were controlled trials, and 2, as yet unpublished, multicenter, randomized, controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of subgenual cingulate cortex and ventral striatum/ventral capsule DBS were recently discontinued owing to inefficacy based on futility analyses. Overall, the published response rate to DBS therapy, defined as the percentage of patients with > 50 % improvement on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, is reported to be 40-70 %, and outcomes were comparable across studies. We conclude that DBS for MDD shows promise, but remains experimental and further accumulation of data is warranted.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Rush AJ, George MS, Sackeim HA, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for treatment-resistant depressions: a multicenter study. Biol Psychiatry 2000;47:276-286.
  2. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disor- ders, 4th edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR). American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, 2000.

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Authors
Morishita, T., Fayad, S. M., Higuchi, M.-A., Nestor, K. A., & Foote, K. D.
Affiliations
UF Health Shands Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Foote, Kelly D.
Venue
Neurotherapeutics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-07
Volume
11
Issue
3
Pages
475-484
ISSN
1878-7479 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2025929754
Cited by
216
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 3
FWCI
4.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neurotherapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Boston Scientific Corporation
  • Nakatomi Foundation
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Keywords
deep brain stimulation, treatment-resistant depression, major depressive disorder, neuromodulation, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, ventral capsule/ventral striatum, nucleus accumbens, lateral habenula, medial forebrain bundle, DBS targets, response rate, treatment efficacy and safety
MeSH terms
Brain, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Treatment Outcome, Deep Brain Stimulation

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