Efficacy of Nijmegen questionnaire in recognition of the hyperventilation syndrome
Abstract
The pattern of complaints of patients with the hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) was studied on the basis of the Nijmegen HVS Questionnaire (van Doorn, Colla, Folgering). This list was completed by 75 patients with the clinical diagnosis HVS. Non-metric principal components analysis (NMPCA) showed that the structure was three-dimensional, the dimensions being labelled: Shortness of breath (HVS-1), Peripheral tetany (HVS-II), Central tetany (HVS-III). The questionnaire's differentiating ability was investigated by comparing HVS patients with non-HVS persons (80 persons employed in health care). All three components had an unequivocally high ability to differentiate between HVS and non-HVS. Application of linear analysis of discriminance to HVS-I, HVS-II and HVS-III together yielded 93% correct classifications. Statistical double cross-validation resulted in 90 and 94% correct classifications. The sensitivity of the Nijmegen Questionnaire in relation to the clinical diagnosis was 91% and the specificity 95%. It is concluded that the questionnaire is suitable as a screening instrument for early detection of HVS, and also as an aid in diagnosis and therapy planning.
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During validation the Nijmegen questionnaire was shown to have a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 95%.
“During validation the Nijmegen questionnaire was shown to have a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 95% [25].”
From Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
The Nijmegen questionnaire comprises 16 questions; seven relate to respiratory symptoms, four to excessive ventilation, and five concern central nervous system symptoms relating to hypocapnia and central tetany.
“This questionnaire, developed by a group in the Netherlands, comprises 16 questions about symptoms. Of these, seven relate to respiratory symptoms, four to excessive ventilation and five concern central nervous system symptoms relating to hypocapnia and “central tetany” [25].”
From Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
The Nijmegen Questionnaire's sensitivity and specificity to diagnose HVS have been established at 89% and 94%, respectively.
“Its sensitivity and specificity to diagnose HVS have been established at 89% and 94%, respectively.26”
From Physiotherapy Education and Breathing Retraining for Patients With Hyperventilation Syndrome: An Observational Study (2026) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- van Dixhoorn, J., & Duivenvoorden, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1985-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 199-206
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2053132661
- Cited by
- 445
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 1.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Keywords
- hyperventilation syndrome, symptom assessment, dyspnea, screening tool, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Hyperventilation, Male, Somatoform Disorders, Stress, Psychological
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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