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Cited by 113Primate Behavior and EcologyEvolutionary Psychology and Human BehaviorPleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology

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Human brain evolution writ large and small

Sherwood, Chet C., Bauernfeind, Amy L., Bianchi, Serena, Raghanti, Mary Ann, Hof, Patrick R.·2012·Progress in Brain Research
DOI 10.1016/b978-0-444-53860-4.00011-8
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Abstract

Human evolution was marked by an extraordinary increase in total brain size relative to body size. While it is certain that increased encephalization is an important factor contributing to the origin of our species-specific cognitive abilities, it is difficult to disentangle which aspects of human neural structure and function are correlated by-products of brain size expansion from those that are specifically related to particular psychological specializations, such as language and enhanced "mentalizing" abilities. In this chapter, we review evidence from allometric scaling studies demonstrating that much of human neocortical organization can be understood as a product of brain enlargement. Defining extra-allometric specializations in humans is often hampered by a severe lack of comparative data from the same neuroanatomical variables across a broad range of primates. When possible, we highlight evidence for features of human neocortical architecture and function that cannot be easily explained as correlates of brain size and, hence, might be more directly associated with the evolution of uniquely human cognitive capacities.

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Metadata

Authors
Sherwood, C. C., Bauernfeind, A. L., Bianchi, S., Raghanti, M. A., & Hof, P. R.
Affiliations
  • George Washington University (US)
  • Kent State University (US)
  • New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology (US)
Corresponding author
Sherwood, Chet C.
ORCID
Venue
Progress in Brain Research
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
2012
Volume
195
Pages
237-254
ISSN
0079-6123 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/b978-0-444-53860-4.00011-8
OpenAlex
W149985330
Cited by
113
References
159
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
FWCI
27.32
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Progress in brain research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS42867, R01NS042867)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
  • Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
Keywords
human brain evolution, encephalization, brain size, allometric scaling, neocortex, cognitive ability, language evolution, mentalization
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Brain Mapping, Biological Evolution, Humans, Neurons, Organ Size, Primates, Body Size

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