The retrograde response: When mitochondrial quality control is not enough
Open accessAbstract
Mitochondria are responsible for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and metabolic intermediates for biosynthesis. These dual functions require the activity of the electron transport chain in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The performance of these electron carriers is imperfect, resulting in release of damaging reactive oxygen species. Thus, continued mitochondrial activity requires maintenance. There are numerous means by which this quality control is ensured. Autophagy and selective mitophagy are among them. However, the cell inevitably must compensate for declining quality control by activating a variety of adaptations that entail the signaling of the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction to the nucleus. The best known of these is the retrograde response. This signaling pathway is triggered by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which engages a series of signal transduction proteins, and it culminates in the induction of a broad array of nuclear target genes. One of the hallmarks of the retrograde response is its capacity to extend the replicative life span of the cell. The retrograde signaling pathway interacts with several other signaling pathways, such as target of rapamycin (TOR) and ceramide signaling. All of these pathways respond to stress, including metabolic stress. The retrograde response is also linked to both autophagy and mitophagy at the gene and protein activation levels. Another quality control mechanism involves age-asymmetry in the segregation of dysfunctional mitochondria. One of the processes that impinge on this age-asymmetry is related to biogenesis of the organelle. Altogether, it is apparent that mitochondrial quality control constitutes a complex network of processes, whose full understanding will require a systems approach. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Import and Quality Control in Mitochondria and Plastids.
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In eukaryotic cells, Rtg3, working with Rtg1, acts as a retrograde regulator to initiate transcription of a group of genes for galactose catabolism in response to dysfunctional mitochondrial respiration.
“In eukaryotic cells, Rtg3, working with Rtg1, acts as a retrograde regulator to initiate the transcription of a group of genes for galactose catabolism in response to dysfunctional mitochondrial respiration (30).”
From Divergent mitochondrial responses and metabolic signal pathways secure the azole resistance in Crabtree-positive and negative <i>Candida</i> species (2024) · cites this paper as [30]
Section 2.2 describes Rtg1–Rtg3 as a transcription factor that enters the nucleus when the retrograde response is activated and binds promoters of its target genes. Section 2.6 links that response to mitochondrial dysfunction in yeast. The cited passages do not identify genes for galactose catabolism as its targets, so that specific part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Common and cell type-specific responses of human cells to mitochondrial dysfunction
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Enzymic and metabolic studies on retrograde regulation mutants of yeast
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A landmark protein essential for mitophagy
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A Novel Degron-mediated Degradation of the RTG Pathway Regulator, Mks1p, by SCFGrr1
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Self-citationThe longevity assurance homologue of yeast lag1 (Lass) gene family (Review)
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Erythromycin Slows Aging of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Sphingolipids in Macroautophagy
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A novel role of peroxin PEX6: suppression of aging defects in mitochondria
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Self-citationDrosophila sbo regulates lifespan through its function in the synthesis of coenzyme Q in vivo
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Identification of RTG2 as a Modifier Gene for CTG·CAG Repeat Instability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Skn1 and Ipt1 negatively regulate autophagy inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
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Capping of the barbed ends of actin filaments by a high-affinity profilin-actin complex
DiNubile, M. J., & Huang, S. C. (1997) · Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0169(1997)37:3 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Mitonuclear communication in homeostasis and stress
Quirós, P. M., Mottis, A., & Auwerx, J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.23 · Cited by 787 · see citing works
The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease: a brief review
Chistiakov, D. A., Shkurat, T. P., Melnichenko, A. А., Grechko, A. V., & Orekhov, A. N. (2017) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2017.1417631 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
“when deprivation of the mitochondrial membrane potential leads to activation of a number of signalling proteins, which, in turn, up-regulates many stress-responsive genes in the nucleus [3].”
BackgroundThe Mitochondrial Basis of Aging and Age-Related Disorders
Srivastava, S. (2017) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes8120398 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
“Notably, the retrograde signaling pathway in yeast was initially shown to extend the cellular replicative lifespan [194].”
BackgroundFunctional role of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes
Genova, M. L., & Lenaz, G. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.11.002 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
de Souza, A. J., Wang, J., & Dehesh, K. (2016) · Annual Review of Plant Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042916-041007 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Kotiadis, V. N., Duchen, M. R., & Osellame, L. D. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.10.041 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Mitochondrial Akt Regulation of Hypoxic Tumor Reprogramming
Chae, Y. C., Vaira, V., Caino, M. C., Tang, H., Seo, J. H., Kossenkov, A. V., Ottobrini, L., Martelli, C., Lucignani, G., Bertolini, I., et al. (2016) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2016.07.004 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
“Whether this response can be entirely attributed to the suppression of ROS or involves other mechanisms of mitochondria-to-nuclei retrograde signaling (Jazwinski, 2013) remains to be elucidated.”
BackgroundBeyond UV radiation: A skin under challenge
Dupont, É., Gomez, J., & Bilodeau, D. (2013) · International Journal of Cosmetic Science · doi:10.1111/ics.12036 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
“Such mitochondrial dysfunctions are known to trigger retrograde mitochondrial signalling from mitochondria to the cell nucleus, commanding expression of specific nuclear genes [34].”
BackgroundIs Mitochondrial Dysfunction a Common Root of Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases?
Díaz‐Vegas, A., Sánchez-Aguilera, P., Krycer, J. R., Morales, P. E., Monsalves‐Álvarez, M., Cifuentes, M., Rothermel, B. A., & Lavandero, S. (2020) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaa005 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Mullineaux, P. M., Exposito-Rodriguez, M., Laissue, P. P., & Smirnoff, N. (2018) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.033 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
MNRR1 (formerly CHCHD2) is a bi-organellar regulator of mitochondrial metabolism
Aras, S., Bai, M., Lee, I., Springett, R., Hüttemann, M., & Grossman, L. I. (2014) · Mitochondrion · doi:10.1016/j.mito.2014.10.003 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“…growth and development, including mitochondrial function (anterograde regulation), it has been clear for a number of years thatmitochondrial signaling to the nucleus and the resultant response (retrograde regulation) is a widely used and conserved mechanism (Jazwinski, 2013; Liu and Butow, 2006).”
BackgroundBianchessi, V., Badi, I., Bertolotti, M., Nigro, P., D’Alessandra, Y., Capogrossi, M. C., Zanobini, M., Pompilio, G., Raucci, A., & Lauri, A. (2015) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.012 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
“Mitochondrial ROS, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) andmitochondrial controlled Ca homeostasis are factors also involved in the senescence-associated retrograde signaling [13,14].”
BackgroundJohnson, J. E., & Johnson, F. B. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097729 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Mitochondria Retrograde Signaling and the UPRmt: Where Are We in Mammals?
Arnould, T., Michel, S., & Renard, P. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms160818224 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
“Retrograde communication in response to mitochondrial stress comes from seminal studies from Butow’s group in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae depleted of mtDNA [18,19], which showed that electron transport chain (ETC) deficiency leads to the transcription of genes associated with glutamate metabolism (revie…”
BackgroundCardamone, M. D., Tanasă, B., Cederquist, C., Huang, J., Mahdaviani, K., Li, W., Rosenfeld, M. G., Liesa, M., & Perissi, V. (2018) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.037 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
“…retrograde factors Rtg1/Rtg3 with mammalian transcription factors (such as FOXOs, nuclear factor kB [NF-kB], ERa, and Myc) speak to the functional conservation of this pathway, even in absence of clear mammalian orthologs of the Rtg genes (Germain, 2016; Jazwinski, 2013; Quirós et al., 2016).”
InfluentialThe DNA Damage Response in Neurons: Die by Apoptosis or Survive in a Senescence-Like State?
Fielder, E., von Zglinicki, T., & Jurk, D. (2017) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-161221 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
“Mitochondria can induce changes in the nuclear gene expression pro-file to attempt to compensate for dysfunction, with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential triggering the mitochondrial retrograde response [189, 190].”
Pleiotropic responses to methionine restriction
Ables, G. P., & Johnson, J. E. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.012 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
The Interplay Between Respiratory Supercomplexes and ROS in Aging
Genova, M. L., & Lenaz, G. (2015) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2014.6214 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
“Drosophila (236, 238, 289, 306), the housefly Musca do-mestica (67), the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (45, 78, 407), the yeast S. cerevisiae (39, 183, 257, 297), and the fil-amentous fungus Podospora anserina (245, 290); all these systems have been usefully employed in research on aging.”
The Yeast Retrograde Response as a Model of Intracellular Signaling of Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Jazwinski, S. M., & Kriete, A. (2012) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00139 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“REVIEW ARTICLE published: 17 May 2012 doi: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00139 The yeast retrograde response as a model of intracellular signaling of mitochondrial dysfunction”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationSystem-level impact of mitochondria on fungal virulence: to metabolism and beyond
Calderone, R., Li, D., & Traven, A. (2015) · FEMS Yeast Research · doi:10.1093/femsyr/fov027 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The complex crosstalk between mitochondria and the nucleus: What goes in between?
Cagin, U., & Enrı́quez, J. A. (2015) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2015.01.026 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The yeast replicative aging model
He, C. Z., Zhou, C., & Kennedy, B. K. (2018) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.023 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Kenney, M. C., Chwa, M., Atilano, S. R., Pavlis, J. M., Falatoonzadeh, P., Ramírez, C., Malik, D., Hsu, T., Woo, G., Soe, K., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054339 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“elegans, Drosophila, mouse and human cells that is known to affect lifespan (in human cell population doubling levels; for review see [36,37]).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMitochondrial Signaling: Forwards, Backwards, and In Between
Whelan, S. P., & Zuckerbraun, B. S. (2013) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2013/351613 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Adenine Nucleotide Translocase, Mitochondrial Stress, and Degenerative Cell Death
Liu, Y., & Chen, X. J. (2013) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2013/146860 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Jęśko, H. M., Stępień, A., Lukiw, W. J., & Strosznajder, R. P. (2018) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-018-1286-3 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Mitochondrial function and mitochondrial DNA maintenance with advancing age
Gaziev, A. I., Abdullaev, S., & Podlutsky, A. (2014) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-014-9515-2 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“Detailed analysis of retrograde signal cascade development and of the interaction between nuclei and mitochondria has been presented in the reviews (Jazwinski 2013; Kotiadis et al. 2014).”
MethodGCN5 acetyltransferase in cellular energetic and metabolic processes
Mutlu, B., & Puigserver, P. (2020) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms · doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194626 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Yu, Y., Wen, Y., Chen, J., Lin, J., Sheng, Z., Zhou, W., Sun, H., An, C., Chen, J., et al. (2022) · Bone Research · doi:10.1038/s41413-022-00209-w · Cited by 74 · see citing works
ClpX stimulates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in mammalian cells
Al-Furoukh, N., Ianni, A., Nolte, H., Hölper, S., Krüger, M., Wanrooij, S., & Braun, T. W. (2015) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.06.016 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Mitochondrial pathways in human health and aging
Bornstein, R., González, B., & Johnson, S. C. (2020) · Mitochondrion · doi:10.1016/j.mito.2020.07.007 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Mitochondria in health, aging and diseases: the epigenetic perspective
D'Aquila, P., Bellizzi, D., & Passarino, G. (2015) · Biogerontology (Dordrecht) · doi:10.1007/s10522-015-9562-3 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The Multiple Levels of Mitonuclear Coregulation
Isaac, R. S., McShane, E., & Churchman, L. S. (2018) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031709 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Oxidative stress and aging: Learning from yeast lessons
Eleuthério, E. C. A., Brasil, A. D. A., França, M. B., de Almeida, D. S. G., Rona, G. B., & Magalhães, R. S. S. (2017) · Fungal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2017.12.003 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Mitochondrial signaling in the vascular endothelium: beyond reactive oxygen species
Kadlec, A. O., Beyer, A., Ait‐Aissa, K., & Gutterman, D. D. (2016) · Basic Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00395-016-0546-5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“For example, retrograde signaling from the mitochondria to the nucleus provides a major intracellular communication route for mitochondria-localized factors [34, 47].”
Engelberg, D., Perlman, R., & Levitzki, A. (2014) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.09.003 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Ren, J. T., & Taegtmeyer, H. (2015) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.03.001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Stimulation of autophagy using rapamycin may serve as a novel strategy to prolong lifespan and ameliorate aging-associated diseases [7,9], possibly associated with mitochondrial biogenesis [2,10].”
BackgroundWoods, D. C., Khrapko, K., & Tilly, J. L. (2018) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes9050265 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Decoding the Rosetta stone of mitonuclear communication
English, J., Son, J. M., Cardamone, M. D., Lee, C., & Perissi, V. (2020) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105161 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Mammalian transcription factors associated with functions similar to those of Rtg1/Rtg3 or ATFS-1 include ATFs, FOXO, RXR, ETS, NF-κB and Myc (Arnould et al., 2015; Chae et al., 2013; Duncan et al., 2018; Fiorese et al., 2016; Jazwinski, 2013; Quiros et al., 2017; Zhao et al., 2016).”
MethodMitochondria and mitochondria-induced signalling molecules as longevity determinants
Rose, G., Santoro, A., & Salvioli, S. (2016) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2016.12.002 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“In agreement with this, one of the hallmarks of the retrograde response is its capacity to extend the replicative life span of the cell (Jazwinski, 2013).”
BackgroundThe secret messages between mitochondria and nucleus in muscle cell biology
Soledad, R. B., Charles, S., & Das, S. (2019) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2019.03.019 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“also be considered as a complementary mechanism to the mitochondrial quality control system [59].”
BackgroundMitochondrial dysfunction, UPRmt signaling, and targeted therapy in metastasis tumor
Keerthiga, R., Pei, D., & Fu, A. (2021) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-021-00696-0 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“The mitochondrial subunits, such as mtDNA, mtRNA, human, and MOTS-c, hold a crucial role in retrograde signalling [72].”
BackgroundWu, Y., Wu, S., & Wei, Y. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612820666140306103401 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“Recently, the term of “mitochondrial retrograde signaling”, a pathway of communication from mitochondria to the nucleus was observed in affected cells with mitochondrial dysfunction under pathological conditions [86].”
BackgroundGuaragnella, N., Ždralević, M., Lattanzio, P., Marzulli, D., Pracheil, T., Liu, Z., Passarella, S., Marra, E., & Giannattasio, S. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.07.017 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Role of the mitochondrial stress response in human cancer progression
Wang, S., Chen, S., Tseng, L., & Lee, H. (2020) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1535370220920558 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“Through these signals, cells can regulate cellular homeostasis and protect cells against environmental stresses by retrograde regulation of the expression of nuclear genes.(157) The nature of retrograde signals can vary depending on their trigger.”
BackgroundKang, Y. K., Putluri, N., Maity, S., Tsimelzon, A. I., Ilkayeva, O., Mo, Q., Lonard, D. M., Michailidis, G. C., Sreekumar, A., Newgard, C. B., et al. (2015) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005116 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Depolarized mitochondria are known to signal to the nucleus to induce adaptive responses known as `retrograde responses’[17].”
BackgroundAntifungal resistance in Aspergillus terreus: A current scenario
Vahedi‐Shahandashti, R., & Lass‐Flörl, C. (2019) · Fungal Genetics and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2019.103247 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Sphingolipid accumulation causes mitochondrial dysregulation and cell death
Knupp, J., Martínez-Montañés, F., den Bergh, F. V., Cottier, S., Schneiter, R., Beard, D. A., & Chang, A. (2017) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/cdd.2017.128 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“previously been shown to have a necessary role in response to impaired or reduced mitochondrial function.(25) Indeed, when”
BackgroundEpidemiological, genetic and epigenetic aspects of the research on healthy ageing and longevity
Montesanto, A., Dato, S., Bellizzi, D., Rose, G., & Passarino, G. (2012) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/1742-4933-9-6 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“nuclear genes [103] and leading to a significant increased lifespan.”
BackgroundSingh, B., Modica-Napolitano, J. S., & Singh, K. K. (2017) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.05.004 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“These mitochondrial stress responders activate a variety of nuclear transcription factors [114–119], which protect against mitochondrial dysfunction by activating the expression of nuclear genes involved in the metabolic reprogramming or stress defense [120].”
BackgroundMitochondrial Genetics and Epigenetics in Osteoarthritis
Rego‐Pérez, I., Sotuela, A. D., Ramos‐Louro, P., & Blanco, F. J. (2020) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01335 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“…over the nucleus through a “retrograde regulation,” which leads to the modification of cellular metabolism and function by activating the expression of nuclear genes with the aim of protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction (Jazwinski, 2013; Horan and Cooper, 2014; Matilainen et al., 2017).”
BackgroundProgrammed Cell Death Initiation and Execution in Budding Yeast
Strich, R. (2015) · Genetics · doi:10.1534/genetics.115.179150 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“affect changes in gene expression (Jazwinski 2013).”
BackgroundMitochondrial form, function and signalling in aging
Amigo, I., da Cunha, F. M., Forni, M. F., Garcia-Neto, W., Kakimoto, P. A., Luévano‐Martínez, L. A., Macedo, F. P., Menezes‐Filho, S. L., Peloggia, J., & Kowaltowski, A. J. (2016) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20160451 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Macrophage activation as an archetype of mitochondrial repurposing
Jones, A. E., & Divakaruni, A. S. (2020) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2019.100838 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“This mitochondrial plasticity in shifting from energy powerhouse to signaling platform often involves a classical definition of reduced or impaired mitochondrial function (lowered oxidative phosphorylation, redox imbalance, etc.) (Jazwinski, 2013).”
BackgroundGatsi, R., Schulze, B., Rodríguez‐Palero, M. J., Hernando‐Rodríguez, B., Baumeister, R., & Artal‐Sanz, M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107671 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“esis [66–68]; hence the increased mitochondrial content observed”
Pathophysiological Defects and Transcriptional Profiling in the RBM20-/- Rat Model
Guo, W., Pleitner, J. M., Saupe, K. W., & Greaser, M. L. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084281 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“as a novel strategy to prolong lifespan and ameliorate aging-associated diseases [7,9], possibly associated with mitochondrial biogenesis [2,10].”
BackgroundDakik, P., & Titorenko, V. I. (2016) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00177 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“This evidence has been comprehensively discussed elsewhere (Jazwinski, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015; Jazwinski and Kriete, 2012).”
BackgroundPlant mitochondrial retrograde signaling: post-translational modifications enter the stage
Hartl, M., & Finkemeier, I. (2012) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2012.00253 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Arlia‐Ciommo, A., Piano, A., Leonov, A., Svistkova, V., & Titorenko, V. I. (2014) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/15384101.2014.965063 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“These traits play casual roles in yeast replicative aging; they include the rates and efficiencies with which the mother cell accumulates various aging factors, transmits these factors into the daughter cell, grows and undergoes asymmetric mitotic divisions, increases its size prior to bud formation, sporulates if dep…”
BackgroundAortic Valve Stenosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions: Clinical and Molecular Perspectives
Pedriali, G., Morciano, G., Patergnani, S., Cimaglia, P., Morelli, M. C., Mikus, E., Ferrari, R., Gasbarro, V., Giorgi, C., Wieckowski, M. R., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21144899 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“The loss of ∆Ψm leads to a retrograde response, in which mitochondria regulate several signal transduction proteins to control stress-responsive genes in the nucleus [64].”
BackgroundUruski, P., Sepetowska, A., Konieczna, C., Pakuła, M., Wyrwa, M., Tussupkaliyev, A., Tykarski, A., Mikuła‐Pietrasik, J., & Książek, K. (2021) · Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters · doi:10.1186/s11658-021-00287-4 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Cell-autonomous mechanisms of chronological aging in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Arlia‐Ciommo, A., Leonov, A., Piano, A., Svistkova, V., & Titorenko, V. I. (2014) · Microbial Cell · doi:10.15698/mic2014.06.152 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“cerevisiae, it played a pivotal role in discovering: (1) numerous genes that impact cellular aging and define organismal longevity not only in yeast but also in eukaryotic organisms across phyla; (2) some key nutrient- and energy-sensing signaling pathways that orchestrate an evolutionarily conserved set of longevity-…”
Pacifico, R., MacMullen, C., Walkinshaw, E., Zhang, X., & Davis, R. L. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209405 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
‘Breathing Out’ under Heat Stress—Respiratory Control of Crop Yield under High Temperature
Sharma, N., Thakur, M., Suriyakumar, P., Mukherjee, P., Raza, A., Prakash, C. S., & Anand, A. (2022) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy12040806 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Picazo, C., Orozco, H., Matallana, E., & Aranda, A. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117267 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“To further investigate the relationship between the Sch9 kinase and mitochondria, we focussed on the involvement of the retrograde response as it is known that the TOR pathway is a regulator of the retrograde pathway [18].”
BackgroundSampaio‐Marques, B., Burhans, W. C., & Ludovico, P. (2014) · Microbial Cell · doi:10.15698/mic2014.04.136 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“naling pathways including pathways involved in metabolic stress response such as TOR pathway (reviewed in [95]).”
BackgroundPakuła, M., Maly, E., Uruski, P., Witucka, A., Bogucka, M., Jaroszewska, N., Makowska, N., Niklas, A., Moszyński, R., Sajdak, S., et al. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12020296 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“This is a common adaptation of mitochondria in replicatively senescent normal somatic cells [42].”
BackgroundReduced Histone Expression or a Defect in Chromatin Assembly Induces Respiration
Galdieri, L. C., Zhang, T., Rogerson, D., & Vančura, A. (2016) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00770-15 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Disruptions in mitochondrial metabolism are known to regulate the nuclear genome through the activation of RTG signaling (19, 69).”
BackgroundIs osteoarthritis a mitochondrial disease? What is the evidence
Fernández-Moreno, M., Rego-Pérez, I., & Blanco, F. J. (2021) · Current Opinion in Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/bor.0000000000000855 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Mechanisms by Which Different Functional States of Mitochondria Define Yeast Longevity
Beach, A., Leonov, A., Arlia‐Ciommo, A., Svistkova, V., Lutchman, V., & Titorenko, V. I. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms16035528 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“A replicatively aging mother yeast cell responds to such reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential by activating the Rtg2 protein in the cytosol; a mechanism underlying such activation remains to be established [136,138,164].”
BackgroundInfluentialMahapatra, K., Banerjee, S., De, S., Mitra, M., Roy, P., & Roy, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.671698 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“maintaining cellular homeostasis and also survival of plants (Jazwinski, 2013; Cagin and Enriquez, 2015).”
BackgroundLutchman, V., Medkour, Y., Samson, E., Arlia‐Ciommo, A., Dakik, P., Cortes, B., Feldman, R., Mohtashami, S., McAuley, M., Chancharoen, M., et al. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.7665 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“cerevisiae and other yeasts but also in eukaryotes across phyla [9, 11, 17–20].”
BackgroundDawes, I. W., & Perrone, G. G. (2019) · FEMS Yeast Research · doi:10.1093/femsyr/foz085 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Uzhachenko, R. V., Boyd, K. L., Olivares–Villagómez, D., Zhu, Y., Goodwin, J. S., Rana, T., Shanker, A., Tan, W. J. T., Bondar, T., Medzhitov, R. M., et al. (2017) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.101213 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Mitochondrial Metabolism and Aging in Yeast
Baccolo, G., Stamerra, G., Pellegrino-Coppola, D., Orlandi, I., & Vai, M. (2018) · International review of cytology · doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.001 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Uprising of Mitochondrial DNA Biomarker in Cancer
Khair, S. Z. N. M., Radzak, S. M. A., & Yusoff, A. A. M. (2021) · Disease Markers · doi:10.1155/2021/7675269 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Knowingly, the retrograde signaling pathway is able to extend the cell ’ s replicative life span by engaging a group of signal transduction proteins [45].”
Wang, S., Chang, Y.-L., Tzeng, Y. T., Wu, C.-L., Wang, Y.-Z., Tseng, L., Chen, S., & Lee, H. (2021) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.043 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Krohn, N. G., Brown, N. A., Colabardini, A. C., dos Reis, T. F., Savoldi, M., Dinamarco, T. M., Goldman, M. H. S., & Goldman, G. H. (2013) · G3 Genes Genomes Genetics · doi:10.1534/g3.113.008607 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“cerevisiae Sit4 and Tap42, which associate with the protein phosphatase 2A, are regulated by TOR and control G1/S cell-cycle transition, whereas Lst8 is a known retrograde response regulator (Jazwinski 2013; Zdralevic et al. 2012).”
BackgroundCrosstalk between cellular compartments protects against proteotoxicity and extends lifespan
Perić, M., Dib, P. B., Dennerlein, S., Musa, M., Rudan, M., Lovrić, A., Nikolić, A., Šarić, A., Sobočanec, S., Šafranko, Ž. M., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep28751 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Podholová, K., Plocek, V., Rešetárová, S., Kučerová, H., Hlaváček, O., Váchová, L., & Palková, Z. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.8084 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Hence, the Myc-Max heterodimer, together with its upstream regulator NF-κB, is positioned in a retrograde signaling pathway in mammals in parallel to Rtg1p-Rtg3p in yeast [15, 16].”
BackgroundJazwinski, S. M. (2014) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.12.007 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationPérez, G., Lopez‐Moya, F., Tomazeli, E. C., Ibáñez-Vea, M., Garde, E., Lopez-Llorca, L. V., Pisabarro, A. G., & Ramı́rez, L. (2021) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof7100862 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Low ROS levels are necessary for critical biological processes such as cell proliferation or differentiation [7,8] because they act as signaling molecules to induce many physiological processes [9,10] and ensure cellular redox homeostasis, avoiding disorders that influence cell growth or aging.”
BackgroundIntegrated ‘omics analysis reveals new drug-induced mitochondrial perturbations in human hepatocytes
Wolters, J. E. J., Breda, S. G. J. V., Grossmann, J., Fortes, C., Caiment, F., & Kleinjans, J. C. S. (2018) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.026 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Chang, H., Pisano, S., Chaturbedi, A., Chen, J., Gordon, S., Baruah, A., & Lee, S. S. (2017) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12619 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Radomiljac, J., Whelan, J., & van der Merwe, M. J. (2013) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo3030761 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“The alteration in the phosphorylation status due to perturbations in mitochondrial membrane potential has also been proposed to be a mechanism for the translocation of putative transcription factors encountered on the outer mitochondrial membrane [81,82] to the nucleus [122].”
BackgroundRole of Mitochondrial Retrograde Pathway in Regulating Ethanol-Inducible Filamentous Growth in Yeast
González, B., Mas, A., Beltran, G., Cullen, P. J., & Torija, M.-J. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00148 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“These proteins regulate the glyoxylate cycle (Jazwinski, 2013) and Frontiers in Physiology | www.frontiersin.org 10 March 2017 | Volume 8 | Article 148 FIGURE 5 | Role of RTG pathway regulators in controlling ethanol-inducible invasive growth.”
BackgroundIs osteoarthritis a mitochondrial disease?: what is the evidence
Fernández-Moreno, M., Rego‐Pérez, I., & Blanco García, F. J. (2022) · RUC (Universidade Da Coruña) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Sphingolipids and mitochondrial function in budding yeast
Spincemaille, P., Matmati, N., Hannun, Y. A., Cammue, B. P. A., & Thevissen, K. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.06.015 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“sensor for mitochondrial dysfunction and results in metabolic adaptations, which are largely dependent on three signal transduction genes namely RTG1, RTG2 and RTG3 [29, 30].”
BackgroundInfluentialPowers, E. N., Chan, C., Doron‐Mandel, E., Allcca, L. L., Kim, J. K., Jovanović, M., & Brar, G. A. (2022) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.81086 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Mitochondrial dysfunction and translation rates have both previously been shown to impact the TOR pathway and thus influence global translation ( Gao et al., 2016 ; Jazwinski, 2013 ; Raught et al., 2001 ; Topf et al., 2019 ), consistent with our findings.”
Flavonoids as new regulators of mitochondrial potassium channels: contribution to cardioprotection
Kampa, R. P., Sęk, A., Bednarczyk, P., Szewczyk, A. M., Calderone, V., & Testai, L. (2022) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1093/jpp/rgac093 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Six plant extracts delay yeast chronological aging through different signaling pathways
Lutchman, V., Dakik, P., McAuley, M., Cortes, B., Ferraye, G., Gontmacher, L., Graziano, D., Moukhariq, F.-Z., Simard, É., & Titorenko, V. I. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.10689 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“One of these aspects is the convergence of certain signaling pathways and protein kinases into a network that controls the rate of aging [1, 6, 11, 19-31].”
BackgroundVijayraghavan, S., Kozmin, S. G., Strope, P. K., Skelly, D. A., Lin, Z., Kennell, J. C., Magwene, P. M., Dietrich, F. S., & McCusker, J. H. (2018) · Genetics · doi:10.1534/genetics.118.301546 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“…genome variation; phenotypic variation; transgression; nuclear-mitochondrial epistasis; Intro- gression MITOCHONDRIAL genome polymorphisms and nuclear-mitochondrial epistasis have been extensively studied in multicellular model organisms (Ballard and Melvin 2010; Joseph et al. 2013) and in humans.”
BackgroundChang, K., Jezek, J., Campbell, A. N., Stieg, D. C., Kiss, Z., Kemper, K. M., Jiang, P., Lee, H., Kruger, W. D., van Hasselt, P. M., et al. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.103823 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“The proper balance between mitochondrial fission/fusion (Scheibye-Knudsen et al., 2015), and the continued supply of nuclear-encoded proteins (Jazwinski, 2013), is required for normal mitochondrial function.”
BackgroundRetrograde Signaling as a Mechanism of Yeast Adaptation to Unfavorable Factors
Trendeleva, T. A., & Zvyagilskaya, R. A. (2018) · Biochemistry (Moscow) · doi:10.1134/s0006297918020025 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The emerging theme of redox bioenergetics in health and disease
Darley-Usmar, V. M., & Kramer, P. A. (2015) · Biomedical Journal · doi:10.4103/2319-4170.155591 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Zhou, M., Peng, J., Ren, K., Yu, Y., Li, D., She, X., & Liu, W. (2024) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.04042-23 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“In eukaryotic cells, Rtg3, working with Rtg1, acts as a retrograde regulator to initiate the transcription of a group of genes for galactose catabolism in response to dysfunctional mitochondrial respiration (30).”
BackgroundRole of OCT3 and DRP1 in the Transport of Paraquat in Astrocytes: A Mouse Study
Han, S., Feng, Y., Guo, M. A., Hao, Y., Sun, J., Zhao, Y., Dong, Q., Zhao, Y., & Cui, M. (2022) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp9505 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“71,72 The results in the present study enrich our knowledge on astrocyte DRP1 and substantiate that cultivating mitochondrial fi ssion is not the only function of DRP1.”
Mitonuclear Communication in Stem Cell Function
Peng, B., Wang, Y., & Zhang, H. (2024) · Cell Proliferation · doi:10.1111/cpr.13796 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Mitochondria produce various retrograde signals that help modulate numerous cellular and organismal functions, protecting against dysfunction of mitochondria through promoting nuclear genes expression related to metabolic remodelling and stress response [171].”
Mechanism of regulation of ‘chromosome kissing’ induced by Fob1 and its physiological significancePreprint
Choudhury, M., Zzaman, S., Jiang, J. C., Jazwinski, S. M., & Bastia, D. (2015) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.260844.115 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationSollazzo, M., Luise, M. D., Lemma, S., Bressi, L., Iorio, M. C., Miglietta, S., Milioni, S., Kurelac, I., Iommarini, L., Gasparre, G., et al. (2021) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16218 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jazwinski, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Tulane University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jazwinski, S. Michal
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 1833
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 400-409
- ISSN
- 0167-4889 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3389569
- OpenAlex
- W2117905612
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 130
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- retrograde response, mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear signaling, autophagy, mitophagy, TOR signaling, ceramide signaling, metabolic stress, replicative lifespan, mitochondrial segregation, mitochondrial biogenesis, reactive oxygen species, electron transport chain
- MeSH terms
- Mitochondria, Quality Control, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Signal Transduction, Protein Transport, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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