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Kisspeptin Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus Orchestrate Circadian Rhythms and Metabolism
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Successful reproduction in female mammals is precisely timed and must be able to withstand the metabolic demand of pregnancy and lactation. We show that kisspeptin-expressing neurons in the arcuate hypothalamus (Kiss1 ARH) of female mice control the daily timing of food intake, along with the circadian regulation of locomotor activity, sleep, and core body temperature. Toxin-induced silencing of Kiss1 ARH neurons shifts wakefulness and food consumption to the light phase and induces weight gain. Toxin-silenced mice are less physically active and have attenuated temperature rhythms. Because the rhythm of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) appears to be intact, we hypothesize that Kiss1 ARH neurons signal to neurons downstream of the master clock to modulate the output of the SCN. We conclude that, in addition to their well-established role in regulating fertility, Kiss1 ARH neurons are a critical component of the hypothalamic circadian oscillator network that times overt rhythms of physiology and behavior.
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“Indeed, given the substantial investment of energy required for fertility, pregnancy, and lactation, it is not surprising that there is a reciprocal interaction between neural circuits that regulate energy balance, body temperature, and reproduction. This interaction ensures an adequate energy reserve to meet the demands of reproduction [47].”
From Temperature regulation in women: Effects of the menstrual cycle (2020) · cites this paper as [47]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Padilla, S. L., Perez, J. G., Ben-Hamo, M., Johnson, C. W., Sanchez, R. E. A., Bussi, I. L., Palmiter, R. D., & de la Iglesia, H. O.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-02
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 592-604.e4
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7147454
- OpenAlex
- W2914272305
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 8.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01-NS094211, R01-DA24908)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- kisspeptin neurons, KISS1, arcuate nucleus, hypothalamus, circadian rhythm, dietary intake, locomotor activity, sleep, core body temperature, suprachiasmatic nucleus, female reproduction, metabolism, weight gain
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus, Body Temperature, Circadian Rhythm, Feeding Behavior, Female, Locomotion, Neurons, Sleep, Mice, Kisspeptins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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