Circadian rhythms in isolated brain regions
Open accessAbstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the mammalian hypothalamus has been referred to as the master circadian pacemaker that drives daily rhythms in behavior and physiology. There is, however, evidence for extra-SCN circadian oscillators. Neural tissues cultured from rats carrying the Per-luciferase transgene were used to monitor the intrinsic Per1 expression patterns in different brain areas and their response to changes in the light cycle. Although many Per-expressing brain areas were arrhythmic in culture, 14 of the 27 areas examined were rhythmic. The pineal and pituitary glands both expressed rhythms that persisted for >3 d in vitro, with peak expression during the subjective night. Nuclei in the olfactory bulb and the ventral hypothalamus expressed rhythmicity with peak expression at night, whereas other brain areas were either weakly rhythmic and peaked at night, or arrhythmic. After a 6 hr advance or delay in the light cycle, the pineal, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and arcuate nucleus each adjusted the phase of their rhythmicity with different kinetics. Together, these results indicate that the brain contains multiple, damped circadian oscillators outside the SCN. The phasing of these oscillators to one another may play a critical role in coordinating brain activity and its adjustment to changes in the light cycle.
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Regions throughout the brain have autonomous circadian oscillators that re-entrain at different rates when isolated and re-exposed to light cues.
“Regions throughout the brain have autonomous circadian oscillators that re-entrain at different rates when they are isolated and then re-exposed to light cues (48).”
From Social jetlag, chronotype, and cardiometabolic risk (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
Rhythmic clock gene expression is not limited to the SCN and has been characterized in several other regions of the brain and in peripheral tissues.
“Rhythmic clock gene expression is not limited to the SCN, however, and has been characterized in several other regions of the brain and in peripheral tissues (Abe et al., 2002;Shieh, 2003;Amir et al., 2004;Lamont et al., 2005;Guilding and Piggins, 2007).”
From Endogenous Dopamine Regulates the Rhythm of Expression of the Clock Protein PER2 in the Rat Dorsal Striatum via Daily Activation of D<sub>2</sub>Dopamine Receptors (2010) · cites this paper as Abe et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Abe, M., Herzog, E. D., Yamazaki, S., Straume, M., Tei, H., Sakaki, Y., Menaker, M., & Block, G. D.
- Affiliations
- U.S. National Science Foundation (US)
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2002-01-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 350-356
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6757616
- OpenAlex
- W2104011097
- Cited by
- 681
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 10.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (8920162)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062517, R01MH62517)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm, suprachiasmatic nucleus, pineal gland, paraventricular nucleus, arcuate nucleus, olfactory bulb, ventral hypothalamus, phase resetting
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus, Biological Clocks, Brain, Cells, Cultured, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Colforsin, Luciferases, Male, Nuclear Proteins, Organ Specificity, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Periodicity, Pineal Gland, Pituitary Gland, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Gene Expression, Photoperiod, Genes, Reporter, Cell Cycle Proteins, Transgenes, Animals, Genetically Modified, Rats, Period Circadian Proteins, In Vitro Techniques
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