Cited by 161Smoking Behavior and CessationMindfulness and Compassion InterventionsSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 91 of the 91 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Moderation of the relationship between craving and cigarette use

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Abstract

Background Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the US, while abstinence rates remain modest. Smoking has been shown to be perpetuated by operant conditioning, notably negative reinforcement (e.g., smoking to relieve negative affective states). Mindfulness training (MT) shows promise for smoking cessation, by potentially altering an individual's tendency to smoke in response to craving. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of MT and mindfulness practice on the relationship between smoking and craving after receiving four weeks of MT.Methods 33 adults received MT as part of a randomized trial for smoking cessation. Individuals in the MT condition recorded formal and informal mindfulness practice during treatment using daily diaries.Results Analyses showed that strong correlations between craving and smoking at baseline (r=0.582) were attenuated at the end of treatment (r=0.126). Mindfulness home practice significantly predicted cigarette use (formal: B=-1.21, p=0.007; informal: B=-1.52, p<0.0001) and informal practice moderated the relationship between craving and smoking at the end of treatment (B=0.52, p=0.03).Conclusions These findings suggest that MT may be effective as a treatment for smoking cessation and that informal mindfulness practice predicts a decoupling of the association between craving and smoking.

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Metadata

Authors
Elwafi, H. M., Witkiewitz, K., Mallik, S., IV, T. A. T., & Brewer, J. A.
Affiliations
  • Yale University (US)
  • University of New Mexico (US)
Corresponding author
Brewer, Judson A.
Venue
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-06
Volume
130
Issue
1-3
Pages
222-229
ISSN
0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2157337754
Cited by
161
References
90
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
FWCI
5.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Yale University
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (K12 DA00167, R03DA029163, K12DA000167)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
mindfulness training, smoking cessation, craving, cigarette smoking, negative reinforcement, operant conditioning, moderation, daily diary, nicotine dependence
MeSH terms
Adult, Conditioning, Operant, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Behavior, Addictive, Mind-Body Therapies

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