Cognitive behavior therapy versus interpersonal psychotherapy for social anxiety disorder delivered via smartphone and computer: A randomized controlled trial
Abstract
In this study, a previously evaluated guided Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder (SAD) was adapted for mobile phone administration (mCBT). The treatment was compared with a guided self-help treatment based on interpersonal psychotherapy (mIPT). The treatment platform could be accessed through smartphones, tablet computers, and standard computers. A total of 52 participants were diagnosed with SAD and randomized to either mCBT (n=27) or mIPT (n=25). Measures were collected at pre-treatment, during the treatment, post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. On the primary outcome measure, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale - self-rated, both groups showed statistically significant improvements. However, mCBT performed significantly better than mIPT (between group Cohen's d=0.64 in favor of mCBT). A larger proportion of the mCBT group was classified as responders at post-treatment (55.6% versus 8.0% in the mIPT group). We conclude that CBT for SAD can be delivered using modern information technology. IPT delivered as a guided self-help treatment may be less effective in this format.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Many common behavioural therapies such as CBT, IPT and PDT have been moved online, with consultation with a therapist taking place via mobile phones and/or email.
“many common behavioural therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (PDT) have been moved online where consultation with a therapist takes place via mobile phones and/or email (Andersson et al., 2014;Dagöö et al., 2014;Johansson et al., 2012)”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Dagöö et al., 2014
EMIs for depression have used diverse conceptual treatment strategies including acceptance and commitment therapy and interpersonal therapy, but the majority have been cognitive-behavioral in focus.
“EMIs for depression have also made use of diverse conceptual treatment strategies including acceptance and commitment therapy (Ahtinen et al., 2013;Lappalainen et al., 2013;Ly, Dahl, Carlbring, & Andersson, 2012) and interpersonal therapy (Dagoo et al., 2014), but the majority have been cognitive-behavioral in focus”
From Ecological momentary interventions for depression and anxiety (2017) · cites this paper as Dagoo et al., 2014
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Widiger, T. A. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-009 · Cited by 19,767 · see citing works
(1998) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · Cited by 19,139 · see citing works
An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.893 · Cited by 14,407 · see citing works
Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.12 · Cited by 7,770 · see citing works
The mini international neuropsychiatric interview
Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, D. V., Hergueta, T., & Weiller, E. (1998) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(99)80239-9 · Cited by 5,882 · see citing works
Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)10031-6 · Cited by 3,367 · see citing works
Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders : SCID-I : clinical version : scoresheet
First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. (1997) · American Psychiatric Press eBooks · Cited by 3,101 · see citing works
A cognitive model of social phobia
Adrian Wells, A. (1995) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 2,701 · see citing works
Analysing controlled trials with baseline and follow up measurements
Vickers, A. J., & Altman, D. G. (2001) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7321.1123 · Cited by 2,116 · see citing works
Multiple imputation in health‐are databases: An overview and some applications
Rubin, D. B., & Nathaniel Schenker, A. (1991) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.4780100410 · Cited by 1,553 · see citing works
Interpersonal Psychotherapy Of Depression
Klerman, G. L. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,315 · see citing works
Social Phobia: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment
Amada, G. (1996) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1996.50.3.373 · Cited by 1,248 · see citing works
Frisch, M. B., Cornell, J., Villanueva, M., & Retzlaff, P. J. (1992) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.92 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
Healthcare in the pocket: Mapping the space of mobile-phone health interventions
Klasnja, P., & Pratt, W. (2012) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2011.08.017 · Cited by 970 · see citing works
Psychometric properties of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale
HEIMBERG, R. G., HORNER, K. J., JUSTER, H. R., SAFREN, S. A., BROWN, E. J., SCHNEIER, F. R., & LIEBOWITZ, M. R. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291798007879 · Cited by 968 · see citing works
FRESCO, D. M., COLES, M. E., HEIMBERG, R. G., LIEBOWITZ, M. R., HAMI, S., STEIN, M. B., & GOETZ, D. (2001) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291701004056 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Miscellanea. Small-sample degrees of freedom with multiple imputation
Barnard, J. (1999) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/86.4.948 · Cited by 841 · see citing works
Interpersonal Psychotherapy of Depression
Rush, A. J. (1985) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.142.11.1381 · Cited by 831 · see citing works
mHealth for mental health: Integrating smartphone technology in behavioral healthcare.
Luxton, D. D., McCann, R. A., Bush, N. E., Mishkind, M. C., & Reger, G. M. (2011) · Professional Psychology: Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0024485 · Cited by 809 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, there are few evidence-based behavioral and psychological smartphone applications and there is a need for controlled studies (Luxton et al., 2011).”
BackgroundSvanborg, P., & Åsberg, M. (1994) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01480.x · Cited by 693 · cited 4× · see citing works
“…18 years old or older, (c) having SAD as primary diagnosis (d) scoring <25 on the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-self report (MADRS-S) (Svanborg & Åsberg, 1994), (e) having a score of less than 4 of 6 on the suicide ideation item 9 on MADRS-S, (f) no ongoing alcohol abuse or…”
MethodInfluentialHedman, E., Ljótsson, B., & Lindefors, N. (2012) · Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research · doi:10.1586/erp.12.67 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Liebowitz social anxiety scale as a self-report instrument: a preliminary psychometric analysis
Baker, S. L., Heinrichs, N., Kim, H.-J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00060-2 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
Comprehensive Guide to Interpersonal Psychotherapy
Weissman, M., John, C., Klerman, G. L., Gregory, R., & Hinrichsen, A. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.5.474 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Comprehensive guide to interpersonal psychotherapy
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-1850 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Using the Internet to provide cognitive behaviour therapy
Andersson, G. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.01.010 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Self-citationInterpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression: A Meta-Analysis
Cuijpers, P., Geraedts, A. S., van Oppen, P., Andersson, G., Markowitz, J. C., & van Straten, A. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10101411 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Self-citationTreatment of Depression by Drugs and Psychotherapy
Klerman, G. L., DiMascio, A., Weissman, M. M., Prusoff, B. A., & Paykel, E. S. (1974) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.131.2.186 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments of Social Phobia: A Meta-Analysis
Fedoroff, I. C., & Taylor, S. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-200106000-00011 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
(2006) · PubMed · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Social phobia: overview of community surveys
Furmark, T. (2002) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.1r103.x · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Self-citationZanarini, M. C., & Frankenburg, F. R. (2001) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1053/comp.2001.24556 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Andersson, G., Carlbring, P., Holmström, A., Sparthan, E., Furmark, T., Nilsson-Ihrfelt, E., Buhrman, M., & Ekselius, L. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.4.677 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Self-citationBergman, H. (2002) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/37.3.245 · Cited by 345 · cited 3× · see citing works
“After application, potential participants completed the following online electronic screening questionnaires; the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale–self-report (LSAS-SR) (Baker, Heinrichs, Kim, & Hofmann, 2002), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) (Mattick & Clarke, 1998), the Social Phobia Scale (SPS) (Mattick &…”
MethodPsychological treatment of social anxiety disorder: a meta-analysis
Acarturk, C., Cuijpers, P., van Straten, A., & de Graaf, R. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291708003590 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
CBT for depression: a pilot RCT comparing mobile phone vs. computer
Watts, S., Mackenzie, A., Thomas, C., Griskaitis, A., Mewton, L., Williams, A., & Andrews, G. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-49 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Carlbring, P., Gunnarsdóttir, M., Hedensjö, L., Andersson, G., Ekselius, L., & Furmark, T. (2007) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.105.020107 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Self-citationHedman, E., Andersson, G., Ljótsson, B., Andersson, E., Rück, C., Mörtberg, E., & Lindefors, N. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018001 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Self-citationBerger, T., Caspar, F., Richardson, R., Kneubühler, B., Sutter, D., & Andersson, G. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.12.007 · Cited by 265 · cited 2× · see citing works
“ICBT for SAD has been evaluated in several studies by independent research groups with studies from Sweden (Andersson et al., 2006; Carlbring et al., 2007), Australia (Titov, Andrews, Schwencke, Drobny, & Einstein, 2008; Titov et al., 2010), Switzerland (Berger et al., 2011; Berger, Hohl, & Caspar, 2009), and Spain (B…”
ResultSelf-citationGuided and unguided self-help for social anxiety disorder: randomised controlled trial
Furmark, T., Carlbring, P., Hedman, E., Sonnenstein, A., Clevberger, P., Bohman, B., Eriksson, A., Hållén, A., Frykman, M., Holmström, A., et al. (2009) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.060996 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Self-citationClinician's Quick Guide to Interpersonal Psychotherapy
Weissman, M. M., Markowitz, J. C., & Klerman, G. L. (2007) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780195309416.001.0001 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Hedman, E., Ljótsson, B., Rück, C., Furmark, T., Carlbring, P., Lindefors, N., & Andersson, G. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.01.010 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Self-citationInternet-based treatment for social phobia: A randomized controlled trial
Berger, T., Hohl, E., & Caspar, F. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20603 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Blankers, M., Koeter, M. W. J., & Schippers, G. M. (2010) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1448 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Hedman, E., Andersson, E., Ljótsson, B., Andersson, G., Rück, C., & Lindefors, N. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.07.009 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Self-citationShyness 1: Distance Treatment of Social Phobia Over the Internet
Titov, N., Andrews, G., Schwencke, G., Drobny, J., & Einstein, D. (2008) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00048670802119762 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Selin, K. H. (2003) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000085633.23230.4a · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Carlbring, P., Hägglund, M., Luthström, A., Dahlin, M., Kadowaki, Å., Vernmark, K., & Andersson, G. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.12.020 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Self-citationAn internet-based self-help treatment for fear of public speaking: a controlled trial.
Botella, C., Gallego, M. J., Garcia-Palacios, A., Guillen, V., Baños, R. M., Quero, S., & Alcañiz, M. (2010) · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2009.0224 · Cited by 169 · cited 2× · see citing works
“ICBT for SAD has been evaluated in several studies by independent research groups with studies from Sweden (Andersson et al., 2006; Carlbring et al., 2007), Australia (Titov, Andrews, Schwencke, Drobny, & Einstein, 2008; Titov et al., 2010), Switzerland (Berger et al., 2011; Berger, Hohl, & Caspar, 2009), and Spain (B…”
ResultAndersson, G., Carlbring, P., Furmark, T., & on behalf of the S. O. F. I. E. Research Group (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037411 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Self-citationCognitive Therapy vs Interpersonal Psychotherapy in Social Anxiety Disorder
Stangier, U., Schramm, E., Heidenreich, T., Berger, M., & Clark, D. M. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.67 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Donker, T., Bennett, K., Bennett, A., Mackinnon, A., van Straten, A., Cuijpers, P., Christensen, H., & Griffiths, K. M. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2307 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Tillfors, M., Carlbring, P., Furmark, T., Lewenhaupt, S., Spak, M., Eriksson, A., Westling, B. E., & Andersson, G. (2008) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20416 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationPonniah, K., & Hollon, S. D. (2008) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291707000918 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
The use of mobile telephones as adjuncts to cognitive behavioral psychotherapy.
Boschen, M. J., & Casey, L. M. (2008) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/0735-7028.39.5.546 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Open Trial of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Social Phobia
Lipsitz, J. D., Markowitz, J. C., Cherry, S., & Fyer, A. J. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.11.1814 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Crippa, J. A. S., de Lima Osório, F., Del-Ben, C. M., Filho, A. S., da Silva Freitas, M. C., & Loureiro, S. R. (2008) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6163.2008.00183.x · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Pharmacotherapy for social anxiety disorder
Stein, D. J., Ipser, J., & van Balkom, A. J. L. M. (2004) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001206.pub2 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Titov, N., Andrews, G., Schwencke, G., Robinson, E., Peters, L., & Spence, J. (2010) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048674.2010.493859 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Borge, F., Hoffart, A., Sexton, H. C., Clark, D. M., Markowitz, J. C., & McManus, F. V. (2007) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.10.002 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Ly, K. H., Dahl, J., Carlbring, P., & Andersson, G. (2012) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/2193-1801-1-11 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationAydos, L., Titov, N., & Andrews, G. (2009) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/10398560903284943 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Bunaciu, L., Feldner, M. T., Blumenthal, H., Babson, K. A., Schmidt, N. B., & Sachs‐Ericsson, N. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.10.001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Rater agreement on interpersonal psychotherapy problem areas.
Markowitz, J. C., Leon, A. C., Miller, N. L., Cherry, S., Clougherty, K. F., & Villalobos, L. (2000) · PubMed Central · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Tulbure, B. T. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.108 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Internet‐Delivered Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder
Andersson, G., Carlbring, P., & Furmark, T. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118653920.ch26 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 68 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mental Health Smartphone Apps: Review and Evidence-Based Recommendations for Future Developments
Bakker, D., Kazantzis, N., Rickwood, D., & Rickard, N. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.4984 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Internet-delivered psychological treatments: from innovation to implementation
Andersson, G., Titov, N., Dear, B. F., Rozental, A., & Carlbring, P. (2019) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20610 · Cited by 747 · see citing works
Self-citationInternet-Delivered Psychological Treatments
Andersson, G. (2016) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093006 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Self-citationMental Health Mobile Apps for Preadolescents and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.
Grist, R., Porter, J., & Stallard, P. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7332 · Cited by 518 · see citing works
An overview of and recommendations for more accessible digital mental health services
Lattie, E. G., Stiles-Shields, C., & Graham, A. K. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-021-00003-1 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Mental health: there’s an app for that
Anthes, E. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/532020a · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Van Ameringen, M., Turna, J., Khalesi, Z., Pullia, K., & Patterson, B. (2017) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22657 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
“Dagoo et al. (2014) evaluated a mobile adaptation of a 9-week internet-CBT program for SAD (Andersson et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDomhardt, M., Geßlein, H., von Rezori, R. E., & Baumeister, H. (2019) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22860 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Versluis, A., Verkuil, B., Spinhoven, P., van der Ploeg, M. M., & Brosschot, J. F. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.5642 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of technology-assisted interventions for social anxiety disorder
Kampmann, I. L., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., & Morina, N. (2016) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.06.007 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Ecological momentary interventions for depression and anxiety
Schueller, S. M., Aguilera, A., & Mohr, D. C. (2017) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22649 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Telemental health: A status update
Aboujaoude, E., Salame, W., & Naim, L. (2015) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20218 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Pearl, S. B., & Norton, P. J. (2017) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.07.004 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Rozental, A., Magnusson, K., Boettcher, J., Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000158 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationCuijpers, P., Gentili, C., Banos, R. M., Garcia-Campayo, J., Botella, C., & Cristea, I. A. (2016) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.09.003 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Stolz, T., Schulz, A., Krieger, T., Vincent, A., Urech, A., Moser, C., Westermann, S., & Berger, T. (2018) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000301 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy
Foody, M., Samara, M., & Carlbring, P. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.05.002 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
“…therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (PDT) have been moved online where consultation with a therapist takes place via mobile phones and/or email (Andersson et al., 2014; Dagöö et al., 2014; Johansson et al., 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLy, K. H., Janni, E., Wrede, R., Sedem, M., Donker, T., Carlbring, P., & Andersson, G. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.12.002 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationTulbure, B. T., Szentagotai, A., David, O., Ștefan, S., Månsson, K. N. T., David, D., & Andersson, G. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123997 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationKaring, C. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100174 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Rozental, A., Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00589 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationTorous, J., Levin, M. E., Ahern, D. K., & Oser, M. L. (2017) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.05.007 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Andersson, G., Carlbring, P., & Rozental, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00749 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“Sofie 12 (74) General population SCID-I, MINI Social anxiety disorder Guided CBT with smartphone application (24) j n.”
BackgroundSelf-citationAlyami, M. M., Giri, B., Alyami, H., & Sundram, F. (2017) · Evidence-Based Mental Health · doi:10.1136/eb-2017-102664 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Digital mental health interventions for depression
Himle, J. A., Weaver, A., Zhang, A., & Xiang, X. (2022) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2020.12.009 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Käll, A., Bäck, M., Welin, C., Åman, H., Bjerkander, R., Wänman, M., Lindegaard, T., Berg, M., Moche, H., Shafran, R., et al. (2021) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000516989 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationLehr, D., Geraedts, A. S., Asplund, R. P., Khadjesari, Z., Heber, E., de Bloom, J., Ebert, D. D., Angerer, P., & Funk, B. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32331-2_19 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationWeightman, M. (2020) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/0300060520928686 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Efficacy of Internet-Delivered Psychodynamic Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Lindegaard, T., Berg, M., & Andersson, G. (2020) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2020.48.4.437 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationMobile Mental Health: Navigating New Rules and Regulations for Digital Tools
Armontrout, J. A., Torous, J. B., Fisher, M., Drogin, E. Y., & Gutheil, T. G. (2016) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-016-0726-x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Human Support in App-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for Emotional Disorders: Scoping Review
Bernstein, E. E., Weingarden, H. M., Wolfe, E. C., Hall, M. D., Snorrason, Í., & Wilhelm, S. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/33307 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Mobile Device-Based Applications for Childhood Anxiety Disorders
Whiteside, S. P. H. (2015) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2015.0010 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Prada, P., Zamberg, I., Bouillault, G., Jimenez, N., Zimmermann, J., Hasler, R., Aubry, J.-M., Nicastro, R., & Perroud, N. (2017) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12178 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Anxiety detection using wearable monitoring
Miranda, D., Calderón, M., & Favela, J. (2014) · Mexican Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (MexIHC) · doi:10.1145/2676690.2676694 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Yin, R., Martinengo, L., Smith, H., Subramaniam, M., Griva, K., & Car, L. T. (2024) · The Lancet Healthy Longevity · doi:10.1016/j.lanhl.2024.08.007 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Forchuk, C., Reiss, J. P., O’Regan, T., Ethridge, P., Donelle, L., & Rudnick, A. (2015) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0614-7 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Mental Health Apps in China: Analysis and Quality Assessment
Shang, J., Wei, S., Jin, J., & Zhang, P. (2019) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/13236 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Tønning, M. L., Kessing, L. V., Bardram, J. E., & Faurholt-Jepsen, M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15362 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Numbers in parentheses represent relevant chapter and coding according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-10 (ICD-10): 2 on drug or alcohol misuse (F10-F19) [24,37], 3 on psychosis (F20-29) [35,38,41], 10 on affective disorders (F30-39) [22,25-28,32,36,40,42,45] (compri…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLinardon, J., Fitzsimmons‐Craft, E. E., Brennan, L., Barillaro, M., & Wilfley, D. E. (2018) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2018.1497215 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Coaching to Support Mental Health Apps: Exploratory Narrative Review
Meyer, A., Wisniewski, H., & Torous, J. (2022) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/28301 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Rozental, A., Forsström, D., Tangen, J. A., & Carlbring, P. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.05.001 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationA randomized controlled trial of a smartphone-based application for the treatment of anxiety
Newman, M. G., Jacobson, N. C., Rackoff, G. N., Bell, M. J., & Taylor, C. B. (2021) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2020.1790688 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of persuasive design, engagement, and efficacy in 92 RCTs of mental health apps
Valentine, L., Hinton, J. D. X., Bajaj, K., Boyd, L., O’Sullivan, S., Sorenson, R. P., Bell, I., Vega, M. S., Liu, P., Peters, W., et al. (2025) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01567-5 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Dryman, M. T., McTeague, L. M., Olino, T. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000232 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Design for mobile mental health: an exploratory review
Aryana, B., Brewster, L., & Abdelnour-Nocera, J. (2018) · Health and Technology · doi:10.1007/s12553-018-0271-1 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Kleinau, E., Lamba, T., Jaskiewicz, W., Gorentz, K., Hungerbuehler, I., Rahimi, D., Kokota, D., Maliwichi, L., Jamu, E. S., Zumazuma, A., et al. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0303370 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Cuijpers, P. J., Harrer, M., & Furukawa, T. A. (2026) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.70002 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Mouchabac, S., Maatoug, R., Conejero, I., Adrien, V., Bonnot, O., Millet, B., Ferreri, F., & Bourla, A. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11111454 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Telepsychiatry: effectiveness and feasibility
Conn, D., Gajaria, A., & Madan, R. (2015) · Smart Homecare Technology and TeleHealth · doi:10.2147/shtt.s45702 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Bless, J. J., Westerhausen, R., Kompus, K., Gudmundsen, M., & Hugdahl, K. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.06.001 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Jackson, H. M., Calear, A. L., Batterham, P. J., Ohan, J. L., Farmer, G. M., & Farrer, L. M. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/44673 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Wang, M., Chen, H., Yang, F., Xu, X., & Li, J. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.057 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Maj, A., Michalak, N., Graczykowska, A., & Andersson, G. (2023) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2023.100654 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationPersonal Technology Use by U.S. Military Service Members and Veterans: An Update
Bush, N. E., & Wheeler, W. M. (2015) · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2014.0100 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Remote cognitive behaviour therapy for social anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis
Winter, H. R., Norton, A. R., Burley, J., & Wootton, B. M. (2023) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102787 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Kim, S. K., Lee, M., Jeong, H. C., & Jang, Y. M. (2022) · Japan Journal of Nursing Science · doi:10.1111/jjns.12476 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Asplund, R. P., Jäderlind, A., Björk, I. H., Ljótsson, B., Carlbring, P., & Andersson, G. (2019) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2019.100282 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationMorello, K., Schäfer, S. K., Kunzler, A. M., Priesterroth, L., Tüscher, O., & Kubiak, T. (2023) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2023.1253390 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Simmonds‐Buckley, M., Bennion, M. R., Kellett, S., Millings, A., Hardy, G. E., & Moore, R. K. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/17049 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Internet Interventions in Clinical Psychology
Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00211-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, J., Qian, M., Sun, C., Lin, M., & Tang, W. (2019) · General Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/gpsych-2019-100087 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
mHealth for Mental Health in the COVID-19 Era
Lee, S., Shin, H., & Hur, J. (2020) · The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.15842/kjcp.2020.39.4.007 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Testing a gamified Spider App to reduce spider fear and avoidance.
Haberkamp, A., Walter, H., Althaus, P., Schmuck, M., Rief, W., & Schmidt, F. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102331 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Queen, A. H., Donaldson, D. L., & Luiselli, J. K. (2015) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650115571663 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Pan, J., Thew, G. R., & Clark, D. M. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.04.100 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Oliveira, C., Maia, M. A. D. A. M., Vairinhos, M., Pereira, A., Oliveira, I., & Vagos, P. (2021) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2021.2002042 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Teenager’s Addiction to Smart Phones and Its Integrated Therapy Method
Eum, Y., Park, J., & Yim, J. (2016) · Advanced science and technology letters · doi:10.14257/astl.2016.132.21 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Zha, Y., Tang, Q., Jin, X., Cai, X., Gong, W., Shao, Y., & Weng, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1080099 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Commentary: The Impact of Digital Technology on Psychological Treatments and Their Dissemination
Heeren, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01571 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Turan, N., & Çetintaş, Ş. (2021) · Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies · doi:10.24193/jebp.2021.2.11 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Käll, A., Bäck, M., Fahlroth, O., Ekeflod, E., Lundberg, A., Viberg, N., & Andersson, G. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.171 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationZech, J. M., Foley, V. K., Hull, T. D., & Anderson, T. (2022) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2022.2156305 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Interpersonal Psychotherapy: A Review of Theory, History, and Evidence of Efficacy
Stuart, S. P., Schultz, J. M., Molina, A. P., & Siber, S. (2024) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2024.52.3.370 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Bonnot, O., Bonneau, D., Doudard, A., & Duverger, P. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012135 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Video-counseling: Needs Assessment and Perception of Service Utilization
Im, S., Lee, J. E., & Han, S. I. (2017) · Korean Journal of Stress Research · doi:10.17547/kjsr.2017.25.1.57 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Kleinau, E., Lamba, T., Jaskiewicz, W., Gorentz, K., Hungerbuehler, I., Rahimi, D., Kokota, D., Maliwichi, L., Jamu, E. S., Zumazuma, A., et al. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.01.24.23284959 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Townsend, A. N., Hertz, A. G., D’Souza, J. M., & Wiese, A. D. (2022) · Advances in Psychiatry and Behavioral Health · doi:10.1016/j.ypsc.2022.05.003 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Psychological Factors and Treatment of Cyberbullying
刘, 言. (2019) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2019.95097 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
An Ecological Momentary Intervention for people with social anxiety: A descriptive case study
Gee, B. L., Batterham, P. J., Gulliver, A., Reynolds, J., & Griffiths, K. M. (2021) · Informatics for Health and Social Care · doi:10.1080/17538157.2021.1896525 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Is a Combination of Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy Superior to Each Alone?
Choi, K., & Kim, Y. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-6577-4_21 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lindhiem, O. J., & Harris, J. L. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69638-6_18 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
CAN INTERNET-BASED INTERVENTIONS BE AN ALTERNATIVE DURING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK?
Ulusoy, S., & Çelik, Z. (2020) · Journal of Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research · doi:10.5455/jcbpr.106343 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Digital Mental Health Interventions
Shelton, C. R., Kotsiou, A., & Hetzel‐Riggin, M. D. (2021) · Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-6453-0.ch008 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ly, K. H. (2015) · Linköping University Electronic Press eBooks · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-113996 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Online-CBT for endometriosis: Exploring the acceptability and impact of the Ed.iTh program
Gross, C. H., Angenendt, J., Strobl, E., Schubert, K., & Weise, C. (2026) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2026.100906 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gilboa‐Schechtman, E., & Azoulay, R. (2022) · Clinical Psychology and Special Education · doi:10.17759/cpse.2022110201 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Use of Technology to Augment Clinical Care in Depression and Anxiety Disorders: An Evidence Map
Maher, A. R., Apaydin, E. A., Raaen, L. B., Motala, A., Shanman, R., & Hempel, S. (2019) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/rr2177 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Nielsen, E., Kirtley, O. J., & Townsend, E. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000189 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Anxiety Disorders: From Bench to Bedside and Beyond
Starke, J., Fineberg, N. A., & Stein, D. J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70554-5_2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Improving Access and Mental Health For Youth Using Smart Technologies
Forchuk, C., Fisman, S., Reiss, J. P., Collins, K., Eichstedt, J. A., Rudnick, A., Isaranuwatchai, W., Hoch, J. S., Wang, X., Lizotte, D. J., et al. (2021) · IET Smart Cities · doi:10.1049/smc2.12006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Berger, T., Friedl, N., Weisel, K. K., Baumeister, H., & Ebert, D. D. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65816-1_4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Improving Access and Mental Health for Youth Through Virtual Models of Care
Forchuk, C., Fisman, S., Reiss, J. P., Collins, K., Eichstedt, J. A., Rudnick, A., Isaranuwatchai, W., Hoch, J. S., Wang, X., Lizotte, D. J., et al. (2020) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_17 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Alves, B., Oliveira, I., Pratas, C. O., & Pereira, A. (2019) · IEEE Portuguese Meeting on Bioengineering · doi:10.1109/enbeng.2019.8692484 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Learning how to recover from stress-related disorders via internet-based interventions
Asplund, R. P. (2021) · Linköping studies in behavioural science · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-172685 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationBregenzer, A., & Jiménez, P. (2018) · Springer Reference Wirtschaft · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-17975-5_30-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bregenzer, A., & Jiménez, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-17782-9_30 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
E-mindful health: Evaluation of mobile apps for mindfulness
Mani, M. (2017) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.102651 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Impact of Relationship Separation on Suicidality and Mental Health
Kazan, D. (2018) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · doi:10.25911/5d67b7babc65d · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Use of Mobile Apps and Technologies in Child and Adolescent Mental Health (Preprint)Preprint
Punukollu, M. (2019) · doi:10.2196/preprints.14205 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
IN REAL LIFE PÅ FACEBOOK, Cyborg; en djupare förståelse om social fobi och social media
Kock, M. (2015) · Lund University Publications Student Papers (Lund University)
- Authors
- Dagöö, J., Asplund, R. P., Bsenko, H. A., Hjerling, S., Holmberg, A., Westh, S., Öberg, L., Ljótsson, B., Carlbring, P., Furmark, T., & Andersson, G.
- Affiliations
- Linköping University (SE)
- Umeå University (SE)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Mid Sweden University (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Andersson, Gerhard
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 410-417
- ISSN
- 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2158300843
- Semantic Scholar
- 48f31b13b96a48532eff68b4ae4334b4597aaafc
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 22.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Linköpings Universitet
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, online therapy, guided self-help, treatment response, digital mental health interventions
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Phobic Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Self Care, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Internet, Cell Phone, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
