Circadian rhythm disruption as a link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obesity?

Vogel, Suzan W.N.; Bijlenga, Denise; Tanke, Marjolein; Bron, Tannetje I.; van der Heijden, Kristiaan B.; Swaab, Hanna; Beekman, Aartjan T.F.; Sandra Kooij, J.J.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.10.002

Cited by 57Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderCircadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and related disorders

Circadian rhythm disruption as a link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obesity?

Vogel, Suzan W.N., Bijlenga, Denise, Tanke, Marjolein, Bron, Tannetje I., van der Heijden, Kristiaan B., Swaab, Hanna, Beekman, Aartjan T.F., Sandra Kooij, J.J.·2015·Journal of Psychosomatic Research

DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.10.002

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Abstract

Objective Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have a high prevalence of obesity. This is the first study to investigate whether circadian rhythm disruption is a mechanism linking ADHD symptoms to obesity.Methods ADHD symptoms and two manifestations of circadian rhythm disruption: sleep problems and an unstable eating pattern (skipping breakfast and binge eating later in the day) were assessed in participants with obesity (n= 114), controls (n= 154), and adult ADHD patients (n= 202).Results Participants with obesity had a higher prevalence of ADHD symptoms and short sleep on free days as compared to controls, but a lower prevalence of ADHD symptoms, short sleep on free days, and an unstable eating pattern as compared to ADHD patients.We found that participants with obesity had a similar prevalence rate of an unstable eating pattern when compared to controls. Moreover, mediation analyses showed that both sleep duration and an unstable eating pattern mediated the association between ADHD symptoms and body mass index (BMI).Conclusion Our study supports the hypothesis that circadian rhythm disruption is a mechanism linking ADHD symptoms to obesity. Further research is needed to determine if treatment of ADHD and circadian rhythm disruption is effective in the prevention and treatment of obesity in patients with obesity and/or ADHD.

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ADHD is associated with later chronotype and more prevalent DSPD and unstable timing of meals in adults.
“ADHD was associated with later chronotype and with more prevalent delayed sleep phase disorder and unstable timing of meals in 202 adults with ADHD.”
From A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Vogel et al. (2015)

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Authors: Vogel, S. W. N., Bijlenga, D., Tanke, M., Bron, T. I., van der Heijden, K. B., Swaab, H., Beekman, A. T. F., & Sandra Kooij, J. J.
Affiliations: PsyQ (NL)
Leiden University (NL)
Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
Corresponding author: Vogel, Suzan W.N.
ORCID: Bijlenga, Denise
Swaab, Hanna
Beekman, Aartjan T.F.
Venue: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-11
Volume: 79
Issue: 5
Pages: 443-450
ISSN: 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.10.002
OpenAlex: W1898665470
Cited by: 57
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5
FWCI: 4.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: PsyQ Research Fund
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords: circadian rhythm disruption, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obesity, sleep duration, body mass index, mediation, binge eating, breakfast skipping, adult ADHD
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Circadian Rhythm, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sleep, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Young Adult, Binge-Eating Disorder

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Circadian rhythm disruption as a link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obesity?

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