The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 10 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes
Open accessAbstract
Neuston samples were collected at 21 stations during an ~700 nautical mile (~1300 km) expedition in July 2012 in the Laurentian Great Lakes of the United States using a 333 μm mesh manta trawl and analyzed for plastic debris. Although the average abundance was approximately 43,000 microplastic particles/km², station 20, downstream from two major cities, contained over 466,000 particles/km², greater than all other stations combined. SEM analysis determined nearly 20% of particles less than 1 mm, which were initially identified as microplastic by visual observation, were aluminum silicate from coal ash. Many microplastic particles were multi-colored spheres, which were compared to, and are suspected to be, microbeads from consumer products containing microplastic particles of similar size, shape, texture and composition. The presence of microplastics and coal ash in these surface samples, which were most abundant where lake currents converge, are likely from nearby urban effluent and coal burning power plants.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
Neuston sampling across Lakes Superior, Huron, and Erie in July 2012 found microplastic pollution at nearly all 21 stations, with an average abundance of 43,157 particles/km² and extreme concentrations in western Lake Erie. SEM/EDS showed that many particles visually identified as microplastic were actually coal ash, while multi-colored spheres were suspected to be consumer-product microbeads.
Key findings
- All 21 net tows except sample 13 contained plastic; adjusted average abundance was 43,157 particles/km², with counts ranging from 0 to over 450,000 particles/km².
- Sample 20 contained 1,101 plastic particles, reported as 466,305 particles/km² in Table 1 (463,423 particles/km² in the results text), greater than all other samples combined. Lake Erie samples accounted for ~90% of all pelagic plastic debris, and samples 20 and 21 alone contained 85% of all microplastic particles collected.
- SEM/EDS determined that nearly 20% of particles <1 mm initially identified as microplastic were aluminum silicate from coal ash; 8 of 21 samples contained coal/fly ash, with an average contribution of 20% within the 0.355–1 mm size class, and samples 20 and 21 contained 28% and 27% aluminum silicate, respectively.
- The 0.355–0.999 mm size class accounted for 81% of total particle count; pellets and fragments were far more abundant than other particle types. Multi-colored spheres were compared to polyethylene microbeads from two national facial cleanser brands and found to be similar in shape, size, color, and elemental composition.
Methods
- During a ~700 nautical mile expedition from 11–31 July 2012, 21 neuston samples were collected in Lakes Superior (5), Huron (8), and Erie (8) using a 333 µm mesh manta trawl towed for 60 min at 2.0 knots.
- Samples were preserved in 70% isopropyl alcohol, rinsed in salt water, sorted under a dissecting microscope, and separated into three size classes (0.355–0.999 mm, 1.00–4.749 mm, >4.75 mm) and five categories (fragment, foamed polystyrene, line, pellet, film); abundance per km² was calculated from tow length and trawl width.
- All particles <1 mm from each sample were examined by SEM/EDS for elemental composition; suspected microbeads were compared with two national facial cleanser products, and a fraction of sample 21 was soaked in 2 M HCl for 24 h to remove biofilm before SEM imaging.
Limitations
- The paper states that visual observation alone is insufficient to separate microplastic from other debris, as shown by the misidentification of coal ash particles.
- Evident from the text: SEM/EDS analysis was applied only to particles <1 mm, while particles >1 mm were identified visually and excluded from SEM/EDS.
- Evident from the text: the survey covered only three of the five Great Lakes during a single July 2012 expedition, with high spatial variability; the microbead source attribution is suspected based on similarity to consumer products rather than confirmed by tracing.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
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Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
13 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 4 Sources not found · 4 No full text of the sources · 3 Own method · 1 Not checked yet · 1 No basis given
In the paper
“SEM/EDS analysis also allowed the determination that many particles initially identified as microplastic were actually aluminum silicates.”
- Also stated in: § 3. Results · plain
“The aluminum silicate particles were determined to be coal ash and coal fly ash (Fig. 2) based upon a match between our SEM/EDS analysis and similar analyses performed by a commercial ash analysis firm”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites STS Analytical Testing Laboratory
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 3. Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“with particle counts ranging from $450 up to over 450,000 per square kilometer”
- Also stated in: § 5. Conclusion · plain
“overall counts varying from 0 to over 450,000 plastic particles per square kilometer”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 5. Conclusion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the 21 net tows, all samples except one, sample 13, contained plastic”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although the average abundance was approximately 43,000 microplastic particles/km 2”
- Also stated in: § 3. Results · plain
“the average abundance was 43,157 plastic particles/km 2”
- Also stated in: § 5. Conclusion · plain
“yielding an average count density of 43,157 ± 115,519 particles/km 2”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > Abstract
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 3. Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The size classes representing particles 0.355-0.999mm accounted for 81% of the total particle count.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In fact, Lake Erie samples account for $90% of all the pelagic plastic debris”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“with samples 20 and 21 alone containing 85% of all microplastic particles collected in all samples combined.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Microplastic pellets and fragments were far more abundant than other particle types.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The microbeads within these consumer products were compared to the multi-colored microplastic spheres in the samples, and found to be of similar shape, size, color and elemental composition (Fig. 4).”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Many microplastic particles were multi-colored spheres, which were compared to, and are suspected to be, microbeads from consumer products containing microplastic particles of similar size, shape, texture and composition.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We report here the first open-water survey for plastic pollution within the Laurentian Great Lakes system.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 1. Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 10
- Probably not a substantial claim. 4
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“contained 1101 plastic particles, or 463,423 particles/km 2 , which was the highest count in one 60-min tow and greater than the count of all other samples combined.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“station 20, downstream from two major cities, contained over 466,000 particles/km 2 , greater than all other stations combined.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of our 21 samples, 8 were found to contain coal/fly ash, with an average contribution of 20% (within the 0.355-1 mm size classification).”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“SEM analysis determined nearly 20% of particles less than 1 mm, which were initially identified as microplastic by visual observation, were aluminum silicate from coal ash.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While the samples showed great spatial variability (Fig. 1), with particle counts ranging from $450 up to over 450,000 per square kilometer, the samples from Lake Erie were consistently the most concentrated as compared to the other two Great Lakes sampled.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plaincorrelationaln = 21- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Our two samples with high particle counts, sample 20 & 21, contained 28% and 27% aluminum silicate, respectively”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plainn = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“These two samples were collected in the area of converging currents, are in close proximity to several coal burning power plants (Stamper et al., 2012) and are directly downstream from the cities of Detroit, MI, Cleveland, OH and Erie, PA, (Fig. 1).”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · hedged
“Annual mean current modeling suggest that currents in Lake Erie are pushed southward along the shoreline (Beletsky et al., 1999).”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Stamper et al., 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Beletsky et al., 1999 source
plainn = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · hedged
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“tended to show slightly higher particle counts as compared to Lake Huron.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“SEM/EDS analyses confirmed that suspected paint fragments were not polymeric and had a nearly identical elemental fingerprint to samples taken from the vessel.It was concluded that these were paint chips from the vessel and they were excluded from plastic particle counts.”
- Also stated in: § 2. Materials and methods · plain
“Qualitative elemental composition of particles was confirmed using an Oxford INCA Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy system (EDS).”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § 2. Materials and methods · plain
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Particles >1 mm were more easily identified as plastic, and therefore excluded from SEM/EDS analysis.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Particles larger than 1 mm can be reliably identified as plastic by visual observation without SEM/EDS confirmation.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Microbeads are microplastic by design and have similar consequences in the marine environment.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 5. Conclusion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In the 8 states that border the Great Lakes, there are 144 coal-burning power plants (Stamper et al., 2012), which may release aluminum silicates in the form of coal ash or fly ash into waterways through wastewater discharge or aeolian transport.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Stamper et al., 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“microplastic particles from sandblasting media have been suspected to pollute the marine environment since the early 1990s (Zitko and Hanlon, 1991).”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Zitko and Hanlon, 1991 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“The presence of microplastics and coal ash in these surface samples, which were most abundant where lake currents converge, are likely from nearby urban effluent and coal burning power plants.”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
“These two samples were collected in the area of converging currents, are in close proximity to several coal burning power plants (Stamper et al., 2012) and are directly downstream from the cities of Detroit, MI, Cleveland, OH and Erie, PA, (Fig. 1).”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Stamper et al., 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainconditionaln = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All of these materials would be negatively buoyant in freshwater, and therefore are not likely to appear within samples obtained in the Great Lakes.”
- Also stated in: § 5. Conclusion · hedged
“Though sandblasting media may release microplastic particles to the environment, their negative buoyancy in freshwater likely eliminates them as a drifting pollutant.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 4. Discussion
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § 5. Conclusion · hedged
The paper relies on this without support.
Few, if any, wastewater treatment facilities capture all floating, non-biodegradable particulate of 0.5 mm size or smaller.
“but few, if any, wastewater treatment facilities capture all floating, non-biodegradable particulate of 0.5 mm size or smaller.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Particles larger than 1 mm can be reliably identified as plastic by visual observation without SEM/EDS confirmation.
“Particles >1 mm were more easily identified as plastic, and therefore excluded from SEM/EDS analysis.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
“Great Lakes sample 20, collected at 42°23.62N, 79°57.21W,contained 1101 plastic particles, or 463,423 particles/km 2”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 5. Conclusion
“| 20 | 42.3938 | À79.9536 | 1101 | 3.87 | 466305 |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
“with particle counts ranging from $450 up to over 450,000 per square kilometer”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 5. Conclusion
“| 13 | 43.4134 | À82.3994 | 0 | 3.93 | 0 |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 3. Results
“the samples from Lake Erie were consistently the most concentrated as compared to the other two Great Lakes sampled.”
§ Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes > 5. Conclusion
“| 15 | 41.7523 | À82.9450 | 9 | 3.15 | 4686 |”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans
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“…sampled rivers 7 , with studies suggesting that population density 8,9 , levels of urbanization and industrialization within catchment areas 10,11 , rainfall rates 10,12 and the presence of artificial barriers such as weirs and dams 13 play a significant role in resulting rates of river-based…”
BackgroundHorton, A. A., Walton, A., Spurgeon, D. J., Lahive, E., & Svendsen, C. (2017) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.190 · Cited by 3,756
“412 Water body type Sample type Sample location and description Study findings (reported units) Study findings (converted units) Study Lake Water Great Lakes (USA) 16 cm sampling depth Average particle concentration 43,000 km-2 Average 0.00027 particles L-1 Eriksen et al. (2013) Lake Water Lake Hovsgol (Mongolia), sam…”
BackgroundInfluentialEmerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity
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“Although data on freshwater microplastic concentrations are limited, microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems is now being reported (reviewed in Eerkes-Medrano, Thompson & Aldridge, 2015), including the Laurentian Great Lakes (Eriksen et al. , 2013), the St. Lawrence (Casta˜neda et al. , 2014), the Danube (Lech…”
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“…treatment, authors suggest that population uses of certain products, e.g. microbeads in cosmetic/cleaning products, in conjunction with wastewater treatments which are unable to capture floatingmicroplastics, contributes to the presence of microplastics in freshwater bodies (Eriksen et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMicroplastics in Freshwaters and Drinking Water: Critical Review and Assessment of Data Quality
Koelmans, A. A., Mohamed Nor, N. H., Hermsen, E., Kooi, M., Mintenig, S. M., & De France, J. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.054 · Cited by 2,535
“Many studies use a fixative like ethanol, formalin or methyl aldehyde (Anderson et al., 2017; Baldwin et al., 2016; Eriksen et al., 2013; Fischer et al., 2016; Mason et al., 2016a; Su et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2018; Xiong et al., 2018; Zhang et al. 2015, 2017).”
MethodLi, J., Liu, H., & Chen, J. P. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.056 · Cited by 2,432
“Notably, it was found that the majority of microplastics are secondary microplastics (Eriksen et al., 2013) and that the abundance in waters would increase along with the increase in input of plastic debris from different origins, leading to continuous transformation of secondary microplastics (Cole et al.”
BackgroundWastewater Treatment Works (WwTW) as a Source of Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment
Murphy, F., Ewins, C., Carbonnier, F., & Quinn, B. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b05416 · Cited by 2,098
Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants: Detection, occurrence and removal
Sun, J., Dai, X., Wang, Q., van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., & Ni, B. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.050 · Cited by 2,092
Transport and fate of microplastic particles in wastewater treatment plants
Carr, S. A., Jin, L., & Tesoro, A. G. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.002 · Cited by 1,919
“…decades, the occurrence of microplastics in the environment has likewise escalated and these new pollutants are now commonly found in rivers (McCormick et al., 2014, Yonkos et al., 2014), lakes (Eriksen et al., 2013, Free et al., 2014), and shorelines (Thompson et al., 2004, Browne et al., 2011).”
BackgroundDuis, K., & Coors, A. (2016) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-015-0069-y · Cited by 1,878
“[41] showed that numerous particles, which had been visually identified as microplastics, were aluminium silicates from coal ash and coal fly ash.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialPlastic waste in the marine environment: A review of sources, occurrence and effects
Li, W. C., Tse, H. F., & Fok, L. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.084 · Cited by 1,857
Microplastic contamination in an urban area: a case study in Greater Paris
Dris, R., Gasperi, J., Rocher, V., Saad, M., Renault, N., & Tassin, B. (2015) · Environmental Chemistry · doi:10.1071/en14167 · Cited by 1,764
“Some preliminary studies show the ubiquitous contamination of continental aquatic environments by plastics, either lentic: the Great Laurentian Lakes,[17] Lake Geneva[18] and Lake Garda beaches,[19] or lotic.”
BackgroundPlastics in soil: Analytical methods and possible sources
Bläsing, M., & Amelung, W. (2018) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.086 · Cited by 1,655
Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems: what we know and what we need to know
Wagner, M., Scherer, C., Alvarez-Muñoz, D., Brennholt, N., Bourrain, X., Buchinger, S., Fries, E., Grosbois, C., Klasmeier, J., Marti, T., et al. (2014) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-014-0012-7 · Cited by 1,543
“MP have been detected in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes [41].”
BackgroundDetection of microplastics in human lung tissue using μFTIR spectroscopy
Jenner, L. C., Rotchell, J. M., Bennett, R. T., Cowen, M., Tentzeris, V., & Sadofsky, L. R. (2022) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154907 · Cited by 1,536
Twenty years of microplastic pollution research—what have we learned?
Thompson, R. C., Courtene-Jones, W., Boucher, J., Pahl, S., Raubenheimer, K., & Koelmans, A. A. (2024) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adl2746 · Cited by 1,521
“…( 18 ) Occurrence of microplastics in commercial seafood and other food products ( 88 ) Microbeads detected in the Great Lakes, North America ( 25 ) Substantial quantities of microbeads reported in cosmetics ( 173 ) of microplastics in drinking water ( (( 19 ) and Arctic ( 21 ) Desk-based…”
BackgroundRochman, C. M., Tahir, A., Williams, S. L., Baxa, D. V., Lam, R., Miller, J. T., Teh, F., Werorilangi, S., & Teh, S. J. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep14340 · Cited by 1,648
Microplastic is an Abundant and Distinct Microbial Habitat in an Urban River
McCormick, A. R., Hoellein, T. J., Mason, S. A., Schluep, J., & Kelly, J. J. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es503610r · Cited by 1,486
Self-citationHigh-levels of microplastic pollution in a large, remote, mountain lake
Free, C. M., Jensen, O. P., Mason, S. A., Eriksen, M., Williamson, N. J., & Boldgiv, B. (2014) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.001 · Cited by 1,467
“c Eriksen et al. (2013a). C.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationZiajahromi, S., Neale, P. A., Rintoul, L., & Leusch, F. D. L. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.042 · Cited by 1,439
“Further, Eriksen et al. (2013) confirmed that approximately 20% of 112 suspected microplastics in surface water were actually aluminum silicate from coal ash.”
BackgroundMicroplastics research—from sink to source
Rochman, C. M. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar7734 · Cited by 1,393
A Global Perspective on Microplastics
Hale, R. C., Seeley, M. E., Guardia, M. J. L., Mai, L., & Zeng, E. Y. (2020) · Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans · doi:10.1029/2018jc014719 · Cited by 1,523
The distribution of microplastics in soil aggregate fractions in southwestern China
Zhang, G., & Liu, Y. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.004 · Cited by 1,362
Bouwmeester, H., Hollman, P. C. H., & Peters, R. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b01090 · Cited by 1,310
Microplastics in sediments: A review of techniques, occurrence and effects
Cauwenberghe, L. V., Devriese, L., Galgani, F., Robbens, J., & Janssen, C. (2015) · Marine Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.06.007 · Cited by 1,305
“Indeed, it has been 159 demonstrated repeatedly that these small microplastics represent 35 – 90% of all microplastics 160 present in the marine environment (Browne et al., 2010; Eriksen et al., 2013; McDermid and 161 McMullen, 2004; Song et al., 2014; Zhao et al., 2014).”
BackgroundAnthropogenic contamination of tap water, beer, and sea salt
Kosuth, M., Mason, S. A., & Wattenberg, E. V. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194970 · Cited by 1,257
Self-citationXanthos, D., & Walker, T. R. (2017) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.048 · Cited by 1,234
Microplastics in Taihu Lake, China
Su, L., Xue, Y., Li, L., Yang, D., Kolandhasamy, P., Li, D., & Shi, H. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.036 · Cited by 1,213
“It is reasonable to findmuch higher levels of microplastics in the lakes in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities (Eriksen et al., 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMicroplastic pollution is widely detected in US municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent
Mason, S. A., Garneau, D. E., Sutton, R., Chu, Y., Ehmann, K., Barnes, J. P., Fink, P., Papazissimos, D., & Rogers, D. L. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.056 · Cited by 1,179
“Given the physical characteristics of these microbeads, it has been suggested that some portion of these particles likely escape the wastewater treatment plant and are discharged into the aquatic environment (Fendall and Sewell, 2009; Eriksen et al., 2013; McCormick et al., 2014).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationKlein, S., Worch, E., & Knepper, T. P. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00492 · Cited by 1,181
(Nano)plastics in the environment - Sources, fates and effects
da Costa, J. P., Santos, P. S. M., Duarte, A. C., & Rocha-Santos, T. (2016) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.041 · Cited by 1,139
“These, nonetheless, are usually based on data obtained using significantly higher concentrations of nanoparticles than those reported for microplastics (Eriksen et al., 2013a) and expected to be found in environmental samples for nanosized particulates (Besseling et al., 2014).”
BackgroundMethodLeslie, H. A., Brandsma, S. H., van Velzen, M. J. M., & Vethaak, A. D. (2017) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.01.018 · Cited by 1,149
Nanoplastic Affects Growth of S. obliquus and Reproduction of D. magna
Besseling, E., Wang, B., Lürling, M., & Koelmans, A. A. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es503001d · Cited by 1,138
Microplastic Pollution in Table Salts from China
Yang, D., Shi, H., Li, L., Li, J., Jabeen, K., & Kolandhasamy, P. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b03163 · Cited by 1,129
Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a short review
Sharma, S., & Chatterjee, S. (2017) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9910-8 · Cited by 1,191
Analysis of environmental microplastics by vibrational microspectroscopy: FTIR, Raman or both?
Kaeppler, A., Fischer, D., Oberbeckmann, S., Schernewski, G., Labrenz, M., Eichhorn, K., & Voit, B. I. (2016) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-016-9956-3 · Cited by 1,112
“Moreover, accumulation of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems, mainly lake waters [20, 21], lake sediments [22, 23], river waters [24, 25] and river sediments [26], also get into the focus of scientific research.”
BackgroundSynthetic Polymer Contamination in Bottled Water
Mason, S. A., Welch, V. G., & Neratko, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2018.00407 · Cited by 1,100
Self-citationWang, W., Ndungu, A. W., Li, Z., & Wang, J. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.213 · Cited by 1,132
“In addition, a set of plastic-like items (two particles for each water) were selected based on the proportions of different shapes in the total microplastics, and confirmed by identifying their polymer composition using the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer (Nicolet 6700; Thermo Fisher Scientific; USA) w…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialImpacts of polystyrene microplastic on the gut barrier, microbiota and metabolism of mice
Jin, Y., Lu, L., Tu, W., Luo, T., & Fu, Z. (2019) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.353 · Cited by 1,100
Environmental source, fate, and toxicity of microplastics
Wang, C., Zhao, J. L., & Xing, B. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124357 · Cited by 1,123
Isolation of microplastics in biota-rich seawater samples and marine organisms
Cole, M., Webb, H., Lindeque, P. K., Fileman, E. S., Halsband, C., & Galloway, T. S. (2014) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep04528 · Cited by 1,074
Microplastics in Sewage Sludge: Effects of Treatment
Mahon, A. M., O’Connell, B., Healy, M. G., O’Connor, I., Officer, R., Nash, R., & Morrison, L. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b04048 · Cited by 1,121
Plastics in the Marine Environment
Law, K. L. (2017) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-010816-060409 · Cited by 1,059
Increased plastic pollution due to COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and recommendations
Silva, A. L. P., Prata, J. C., Walker, T. R., Duarte, A. C., Ouyang, W., Barceló, ., & Rocha‐Santos, T. (2020) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.126683 · Cited by 1,098
Sampling, isolating and identifying microplastics ingested by fish and invertebrates
Lusher, A., Welden, N. A. C., Sobral, P., & Cole, M. (2016) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c6ay02415g · Cited by 1,122
Microplastic contamination of river beds significantly reduced by catchment-wide flooding
Hurley, R., Woodward, J., & Rothwell, J. J. (2018) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0080-1 · Cited by 1,003
Hurley, R. R., Lusher, A., Olsen, M., & Nizzetto, L. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b01517 · Cited by 1,014
Microplastics in commercial bivalves from China
Li, J., Yang, D., Li, L., Jabeen, K., & Shi, H. (2015) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.018 · Cited by 1,063
“On the other hand, our study further confirms the importance of conducting elemental analysis or chemical analysis of microplastics to avoid misidentification (Eriksen et al., 2013; Song et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMicroplastics in soils: Analytical methods, pollution characteristics and ecological risks
He, D., Luo, Y., Lu, S., Liu, M., Song, Y., & Lei, L. (2018) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.006 · Cited by 1,010
Microplastics profile along the Rhine River
Mani, T., Hauk, A., Walter, U., & Burkhardt-Holm, P. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep17988 · Cited by 1,010
Characterisation, quantity and sorptive properties of microplastics extracted from cosmetics
Napper, I. E., Bakir, A., Rowland, S. J., & Thompson, R. C. (2015) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.029 · Cited by 1,026
“…the North Sea, the Oude Maas River or the North Sea Canal and reported that the treated effluent contained on average 52 pieces of microplastics/L. Eriksen et al. (2013) also reported substantial amounts of multi-coloured microplastic spheres in surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes of the…”
Horton, A. A., Svendsen, C., Williams, R. J., Spurgeon, D. J., & Lahive, E. (2016) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.004 · Cited by 1,000
“It has previously been noted that microplastics can be transported via road surface runoff originating from degraded litter, pieces of car-related debris such as bumpers or hubcaps, tyre wear particles (Browne et al., 2010; Eriksen et al., 2013; Galgani et al., 2015; Tibbetts, 2015), however to our knowledge this is t…”
BackgroundAssessment of microplastics in freshwater systems: A review
Li, C., Busquets, R., & Campos, L. C. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135578 · Cited by 1,005
“From the data and map, one of the most striking studies is from the Great Lake Basin of North America, where the average abundance of microplastics floating on the surface was as high as 43,000 units km -2 (Eriksen et al., 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMicroplastic in Aquatic Ecosystems
Ivleva, N. P., Wiesheu, A. C., & Nießner, R. (2016) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201606957 · Cited by 982
Microplastics in surface waters and sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Di, M., & Wang, J. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.150 · Cited by 965
The geological cycle of plastics and their use as a stratigraphic indicator of the Anthropocene
Zalasiewicz, J., Waters, C. N., do Sul, J. A. I., Corcoran, P. L., Barnosky, A. D., Cearreta, A., Edgeworth, M., Gałuszka, A., Jeandel, C., Leinfelder, R., et al. (2016) · Anthropocene · doi:10.1016/j.ancene.2016.01.002 · Cited by 1,019
“Plastics have been found in freshwater ecosystems (EerkesMedrano et al., 2015), such as lakes (e.g. Eriksen et al., 2013; Imhof et al., 2013; Free et al., 2014; Zbyszewski et al., 2014), and rivers, such as the Thames (Morritt et al., 2014), Danube (Lechner et al., 2014) and Yangtze (Zhao et al.,…”
BackgroundRocha‐Santos, T., & Duarte, A. C. (2014) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2014.10.011 · Cited by 987
Fate of nano- and microplastic in freshwater systems: A modeling study
Besseling, E., Quik, J. T. K., Sun, M., & Koelmans, A. A. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.001 · Cited by 919
He, P., Chen, L., Shao, L., Zhang, H., & Lü, F. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.060 · Cited by 947
Nanoplastic in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre
Ter Halle, A., Jeanneau, L., Martignac, M., Jardé, E., Pedrono, B., Brach, L., & Gigault, J. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b03667 · Cited by 897
Microplastics in aquatic environments: Occurrence, accumulation, and biological effects
Xu, S., Ma, J., Ji, R., Pan, K., & Miao, A. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134699 · Cited by 904
Zhang, C., Chen, X., Wang, J., & Tan, L. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.005 · Cited by 899
“Plastic debris has been a worldwide contaminant found throughout the marine environment (Eriksen et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMicroplastics in the environment: Challenges in analytical chemistry - A review
Silva, A. B., Bastos, A. S., Justino, C. I. L., da Costa, J. P., Duarte, A. C., & Rocha‐Santos, T. (2018) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2018.02.043 · Cited by 878
Rodrigues, M., Abrantes, N., Gonçalves, F. J. M., Nogueira, H. I. S., Marques, J. C., & Gonçalves, A. M. M. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.233 · Cited by 880
Alimba, C. G., & Faggio, C. (2019) · Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.001 · Cited by 863
Water quality assessment of lake water: a review
Bhateria, R., & Jain, D. (2016) · Sustainable Water Resources Management · doi:10.1007/s40899-015-0014-7 · Cited by 822
Akdoğan, Z., & Güven, B. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113011 · Cited by 863
Micro(nano)plastics: A threat to human health?
Revel, M., Châtel, A., & Mouneyrac, C. (2017) · Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health · doi:10.1016/j.coesh.2017.10.003 · Cited by 860
Microplastics as pollutants in agricultural soils
Kumar, M., Xiong, X., He, M., Tsang, D. C. W., Gupta, J., Khan, E., Harrad, S., Hou, D., Ok, Y. S., & Bolan, N. S. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114980 · Cited by 841
Wang, J., Peng, J., Tan, Z. D., Gao, Y., Zhan, Z., Chen, Q., & Cai, L. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.074 · Cited by 791
Methodology Used for the Detection and Identification of Microplastics—A Critical Appraisal
Löder, M. G. J., & Gerdts, G. (2015) · Marine Anthropogenic Litter · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16510-3_8 · Cited by 796
“Thus the error rate of visual sorting reported in the literature ranges from 20 % (Eriksen et al. 2013a) to 70 % (Hidalgo-Ruz et al. 2012) and increases with decreasing particle size.”
BackgroundHernandez, E., Nowack, B., & Mitrano, D. M. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b01750 · Cited by 779
A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish
Karami, A., Golieskardi, A., Choo, C. K., Romano, N., Ho, Y. B., & Salamatinia, B. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.213 · Cited by 815
Rahman, A., Sarkar, A., Yadav, O. P., Achari, G., & Slobodnı́k, J. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143872 · Cited by 820
Plastic Debris in 29 Great Lakes Tributaries: Relations to Watershed Attributes and Hydrology
Baldwin, A. K., Corsi, S. R., & Mason, S. A. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b02917 · Cited by 739
Self-citationYuan, W., Liu, X., Wang, W., Di, M., & Wang, J. (2018) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.126 · Cited by 731
Tanaka, K., & Takada, H. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep34351 · Cited by 759
“Eriksen et al. 12 found many multi-colored spherical polymers of < 1 mm in surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America 12 .”
Microplastic in three urban estuaries, China
Zhao, S., Zhu, L., & Li, D. (2015) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.027 · Cited by 722
Burns, E. E., & Boxall, A. B. A. (2018) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.4268 · Cited by 713
Single-use plastics: Production, usage, disposal, and adverse impacts
Chen, Y., Awasthi, A. K., Wei, F., Tan, Q., & Li, J. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141772 · Cited by 716
FTIR and Raman imaging for microplastics analysis: State of the art, challenges and prospects
Xu, J.-L., Thomas, K. V., Luo, Z., & Gowen, A. A. (2019) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2019.115629 · Cited by 716
Peng, G., Xu, P., Zhu, B., Bai, M., & Li, D. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.034 · Cited by 724
“, the Great Lakes (Eriksen et al., 2013) and the Taihu Lake (Su et al.”
BackgroundSources and sinks of microplastics in Canadian Lake Ontario nearshore, tributary and beach sediments
Ballent, A., Corcoran, P. L., Madden, O., Helm, P. A., & Longstaffe, F. J. (2016) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.037 · Cited by 700
“Microplastics pollution has been reported from Great Lakes surface waters (Eriksen et al., 2013), along shorelines (Zbyszewski and Corcoran, 2011; Zbyszewski et al., 2014; Corcoran et al., 2015) and in offshore lake bottom sediments (Corcoran et al., 2015), but its presence in subsurface sediments of nearshore regions…”
BackgroundInfluentialOccurrence, sources, human health impacts and mitigation of microplastic pollution
Karbalaei, S., Hanachi, P., Walker, T. R., & Cole, M. (2018) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3508-7 · Cited by 700
Tagg, A. S., Sapp, M., Harrison, J. P., & Ojeda, J. J. (2015) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00495 · Cited by 689
Microplastics pollution in different aquatic environments and biota: A review of recent studies
Rezania, S., Park, J., Din, M. F. M., Taib, S. M., Talaiekhozani, A., Yadav, K. K., & Kamyab, H. (2018) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.022 · Cited by 709
Microplastics in Four Estuarine Rivers in the Chesapeake Bay, U.S.A.
Yonkos, L. T., Friedel, E. A., Perez-Reyes, A. C., Ghosal, S., & Arthur, C. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es5036317 · Cited by 706
Wong, J. K. H., Lee, K. K., Tang, K. H. D., & Yap, P. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137512 · Cited by 699
Plastic Pollution and Potential Solutions
Rhodes, C. J. (2018) · Science Progress · doi:10.3184/003685018x15294876706211 · Cited by 733
A meta-analysis of the effects of exposure to microplastics on fish and aquatic invertebrates
Foley, C. J., Feiner, Z. S., Malinich, T. D., & Höök, T. O. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.046 · Cited by 707
The presence of microplastics in commercial salts from different countries
Karami, A., Golieskardi, A., Choo, C. K., Larat, V., Galloway, T. S., & Salamatinia, B. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep46173 · Cited by 668
“The widespread distribution of MPs in aquatic bodies is well documented, such as in the Celtic sea 8 , Laurentian Great Lakes 9 , Persian Gulf 10 , and in sub-tropical gyres 11 .”
Nanoplastics in the Aquatic Environment. Critical Review
Koelmans, A. A., Besseling, E., & Shim, W. J. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16510-3_12 · Cited by 752
“4–34 ng/L microplastic concentrations found in freshwaters in the USA (Eriksen et al. 2013) and Europe (Besseling et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialReview of micro- and nanoplastic contamination in the food chain
Toussaint, B., Raffael, B., Angers-Loustau, A., Gilliland, D., Kestens, V., Petrillo, M., Rio-Echevarria, I. M., & Van den Eede, G. (2019) · Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A · doi:10.1080/19440049.2019.1583381 · Cited by 643
“…2016, 2016; De Souza Machado et al. 2017; Horton et al. 2017; Weithmann et al. 2018) and contamination of surface and groundwater (Heberer 2002; Barnes et al. 2008; Díaz-Cruz et al., 2008; Loos et al. 2010; Faure et al. 2012; Eriksen et al. 2013; Eerkes-Medrano et al. 2015; Zentner et al. 2015).”
BackgroundMicroplastic pollution of lakeshore sediments from remote lakes in Tibet plateau, China
Zhang, K., Su, J., Xiong, X., Xiang, W., Wu, C., & Liu, J. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.048 · Cited by 619
Responses of Hyalella azteca to acute and chronic microplastic exposures
Au, S. Y., Bruce, T. F., Bridges, W. C., & Klaine, S. J. (2015) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.3093 · Cited by 628
“5mm in size will evade capture via wastewater treatment systems [15].”
BackgroundSources and distribution of microplastics in China's largest inland lake – Qinghai Lake
Xiong, X., Zhang, K., Chen, X., Shi, H., Luo, Z., & Wu, C. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.081 · Cited by 641
Microplastics in aquatic environments: implications for Canadian ecosystems
Anderson, J. C., Park, B. J., & Palace, V. P. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.074 · Cited by 624
“This was based on proximity to urban areas and because the shape, size, colour, and elemental composition of the observedmicrobeadswere consistent with polyethylene beads used in two national brands of facial cleanser (Eriksen et al., 2013a).”
BackgroundInfluentialReducing marine pollution from single-use plastics (SUPs): A review
Schnurr, R. E. J., Alboiu, V., Chaudhary, M., Corbett, R. A., Quanz, M. E., Sankar, K., Srain, H. S., Thavarajah, V., Xanthos, D., & Walker, T. R. (2018) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.001 · Cited by 614
Metadata
- Authors
- Eriksen, M., Mason, S., Wilson, S., Box, C., Zellers, A., Edwards, W., Farley, H., & Amato, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- SUNY Fredonia (US)
- Niagara University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Eriksen, Marcus
- Venue
- Marine Pollution Bulletin
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 177-182
- ISSN
- 0025-326X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2150503350
- Cited by
- 1,937
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 117 · 2025: 160 · 2024: 212 · 2023: 219 · 2022: 227 · 2021: 228 · 2020: 226 · 2019: 172 · 2018: 123 · 2017: 105 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 22
- FWCI
- 36.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Marine Pollution Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarSphere (Penn State Libraries) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- River Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Keywords
- microplastic pollution, Great Lakes, neuston, surface water, microbeads, coal ash, aluminum silicate, urban effluents, coal-fired power plants, lake currents
- MeSH terms
- Environmental Monitoring, Plastics, United States, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Lakes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-09, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-09 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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